时间状语从句(全面掌握).doc
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1、-_状语从句状语从句一、 什么是状语从句状语的功用:状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等。状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。其位置一般放在句末,但也可放在句首或句中。I didnt realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.You should have put the book where you found it. I didnt go because I was afraid.二、状语从句的分类1.时间状语从句 2.地点状语从句 3.原
2、因状语从句 4.条件状语从句 5.目的状语从句6.让步状语从句 7.比较状语从句 8.方式状语从句 9.结果状语从句 10.伴随状语从句 常见考点: 考点一、主句与从句的时态呼应问题; 考点二、连接词的选择。 考点三、状语从句与非谓语动词之间的替换; 考点四、根据从句与主句的逻辑关系选用从属连词;思考:什么是从句?I dont know the girl in red.I dont know the girl who is playing under the tree.从句要素: 至少要有两个句子 要有引导词-_3、时间状语从句详解1.引导词引导词(1)基本类:before ,after ,w
3、hen ,while ,as ,since ,till ,until ,once ,as soon as.(2)名词类:(由名词词组充当引导词)the moment ,the minute ,the second ,the instant ,(一就)every time ,each time ,the first time ,the last time (3)副词类:(由副词充当引导词)immediately ,directly ,instantly (一就)(4)句型类:no soonerthan ,hardly/scarcelywhen(一就)2.引导词具体讲解:引导词具体讲解: 当时候:
4、It was six oclock when I got home. Sb was doing sth when 1)when 这时 Sb was about to do sth/was on the point of doing sth whenSb had just done sth when既然: It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could walk there in five minutes.既然你能 5 分钟就走到那儿,再搭出租车真是太傻了。当时候(引导持续性持续性动作): He fell asleep while he w
5、as reading a book. 2) while 然而(用于句中) : He likes pop music while I am fond of folk music. 虽然,尽管(用于句首) While volleyball is her main focus, shes also great at basketball.当时候;随着 He smiled politely as Mary apologized for her drunken friends. 3) as 因为 You cant continue with the training as you havent reco
6、vered from the injury. 尽管 Hot as/though the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tiredafter the long journey.正如,正像 The air quality in the city, as is shown in the report, has improved in the last two months. -_肯定句:主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。He worked until late into the night. 4)till, until 否定句:主句
7、的谓语动词是非延续性动词。 7.notuntil 的倒装句式和强调句式He didnt consider having a holiday until he retired from teaching three years ago. 倒装句式:Not until he retired from teaching three years ago did he consider having a holiday. 强调句式:It was not until he retired from teaching three years ago that he considered having a h
8、oliday. 5) before 在之前,.才 We had sailed four days before we saw land. 还没来得及 Before I could get in a word, he had measured me. 8.It was +时间段+before sb did sth(才) 9.It will be+时间段+before sb does sth (才) It was two weeks before we met again.两周之后我们才见面。It will be two weeks before we meet again. 我们再过两个周才能见
9、面。6) since 自从 She has been working in this factory since she left school. 既然 Since Babara is no longer my wife, Im no longer responsible for her debts. 既然芭芭拉不再是我的妻子,我也不用再负责她的债务了。 It is/ has been +段时间+ since sb did sth (自从以来多长时间)7) 关于一就的表达方式:as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, t
10、he minute, the instant, no soonerthan, hardly/scarcelywhen, once 一就Hardly had I got home when it began to rain. 我刚一到家就开始下雨。No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.8)每次;每当;下次等表达方式:every time, each time, next time, the last time, any time, all the time 等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句。 Every time I was in troub
11、le, he would come to help me out. 9) 几个极易混淆的时间状语从句: 10.It was +时间点+when(当.的时候时间是.) It was 5 am when we arrived at the village. 11.It was/will be+时间段+before(没过就过了才) It was/will be two weeks before we met/meet again. 12.It is /has been +时间段+since(自从以来有) It is/has been 3 years since we last met.突破点:一看
12、be 动词的时态,二看时间段还是时间点。-_13.时间状语从句和强调句的区别时间状语从句和强调句的区别强调句的句型是:It is (was) 被强调部分+ that (who) + 句子其他部分It was seven oclock when we reached the station.(状语从句)=It was “at“ seven oclock “that“ we reached the station.(强调句,定语从句)强调句和时间状语从句的区别是:时间状语从句可以去掉,不影响句子的完整性。而强调句 that/who 引导的句子是不能去掉的,否则句子就不完整了,单独的“It was
13、at seven oclock”是错误的。(四)It is(was)+时间点+that 的强调句型 强调句仅是形似,与“when”句型的比较很明显:1. 强调句时间点部分通常带有介词或后面有副词;2. 去掉 it is(was)that 之后,句子整合成一个完整的句子。 Eg:It was in the morning that I was robbed in the street. (删除后还原:I was robbed in the street in the morning.) =It was this morning that I was robbed in the street. I
14、t was at 7:00 that I met Tom this morning. (删除后还原:I met Tom this morning at 7:00.)=It was 7:00 when I met Tom this morning14.关于时间定语从句和时间状语从句的区别关于时间定语从句和时间状语从句的区别时间状语从句和定语从句的区别其实跟上面说的是一样的,强调句型其实就是一种特殊的定语从句。本身最简单的表达法是:We reached the station at seven oclock.强调句 It was “at seven oclock“ that we reached
15、the station(为了强调“at seven oclock“)同时它也是定语从句:从句“that we reached the station”修饰的是 it=the time.也就是说关键是看前面有没有先行词,有就是定语从句,没有就是时间状语从句。如:1.By the time when you arrived in Beijing, we had stayed there for two weeks. 有先行词 the time 那么 when you arrived in London 就是定语从句 2.when you arrived in Beijing, we had sta
16、yed there for two weeks.没有先行词 when you arrived in London 就是时间状语从句。-_5.“It +be+ 时间时间 + 从句从句”结构结构 总结一在“ It +be+ 时间 + 从句”结构中,引导从句的从属连词有 before, that, since, until ( till ) , when 等。这一结构是近几年高考常考的知识点,现将它们的用法小结如下: 一、一、 It +be ( not ) + 时间段时间段 +before 从句。从句。 其中的主句是肯定式时,意为“过多长时间才”;主句是否定式时,意为“没过 多久就”。例如: 1.
17、It may be five or six years before the new medicine is tested on human beings. 要过五六年时间这种新药才能在人身上做试验。 2. It was two months before he designed the bridge. 过了两个月,他设计出了这座桥梁。二、二、 It +will be ( was ) + 时间段时间段 +until 从句从句 若主句中用一般将来时,则从句中用一般现在时,意思是从现在起到从句中谓语动词 表示的动作发生时还有多长时间;若主句中用一般过去时,则从句中也用一般过去时,意 思是从过去某一
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