新目标英语七年级上语法总复习.doc
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1、1初中七年级上语法总复习初中七年级上语法总复习一、一、Be 动词(动词(am, is, are)的用法)的用法口诀:I 用 am , you 用 are ,is 连着他(he)她(she)它(it) 。单数统统用 is,复数一律都用 are. 变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃,变否定,更容易,be 后 not 莫忘记,疑问否定任你变,句首大写莫迟疑。I _ a student. You _ Japanese. He _ my brother.My name _Harry.Lily _ very tall. Mary, this _ Tom. Miss Zhou _ my teacher.The
2、cat_ black. This book_ very interesting.Li Lei and I _ good friends. These _ apples. Those_ bananas.They _students. _ she from China? _ you good at English?The books _ on the desk. I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No, I _ not. What_ this?The girl_ Jacks sister. The dog _ tall and fat. The man with big eyes _
3、 a teacher._ your brother in the classroom? Where _ your mother? How _ your father. Whose dress _ this?Whose socks _ they? That _ my red skirt. Who _ I?The jeans _ on the desk. Here _ some sweaters for you. The black pants _ for Su Yang.This pair of boots _ for Yang Ling. There some milk for me.Some
4、 tea _ in the glass. Gao Shans shirt _ over there. My sisters name _Nancy. _ David and Helen from England? There _ a girl in the room. There _ some apples on the tree._ there any kites in the classroom? _ there any apple juice in the bottle?There _ some bread on the plate.二、人称代词与物主代词二、人称代词与物主代词人称第一人
5、称单 数第二人称单 数第三人称单数第一人称复 数第二人称复 数第三人称复 数Iyouhesheitweyouthey主格我你他她它我们你们他(她、它)们meyouhimheritusyouthem宾格我你他她它我们你们他(她、它)们形容词性物主代 词my我的your你的his他的her她的its它的our我们的your你们的their他(她、它)们的名词性物主代 词mine我的yours你的his他的hers她的its它的ours我们的yours你们的theirs他(她、它)们的通常情况下, 主格作主语,宾格作宾语,其中主格与动词 be (am, is, are) 的连用如下:I am 我是
6、We are 我们是You are 你是 You are 你们是 He is 他是 She is 她是 They are 他(她,它)们是 It is 它是。另外: are 是 is 的复数,主语是复数与 are 连用, 主语是单数与 is 连用。人称代词主格会与跟在它后面的be 动词缩写。如 I am=Im ,you are=youre, He is=hes, she is=shes, it is =its we are=were,they are=theyre形容词性的物主代词(只作定语)+名词, 如 my book 我的书 her hat 她的帽子。形容词可作定语,形容词(定语) + 名
7、词, 如 good boy 好男孩 favorite subject 最喜欢的科目。形容词可与 be (am, is, are) 连用作定语, be (am, is, are) + 形容词 (表语) 如 He is happy.2Exercise:一 根据句子前后内容,写出正确的代词。1. Li lei is from China._ is Chinese. 2. My name is Gina._ am a student.3. This is Tom._ is in Grade Two. 4. His name is Tony._ telephone number is 856-0770.
8、5. She is a student. _name is Julia.二.用所给词的适当形式填空 1. That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big. ( I )2. The dress is _. Give it to _. ( she ) 3. Is this _ watch? (you) No, its not _ . ( I )4. _ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _. ( he )5. _ dresses are red.
9、(we) What colour are _? ( you )6. Here are many dolls, which one is _ ? ( she )7. I can find my toy, but wheres _? ( you )8. Show _ your kite, OK? (they)9. I have a beautiful cat. _name is Mimi. These cakes are _. ( it )10. Are these _ tickets? No, _ are not _. _ arent here. ( they )11. Shall _ have
10、 a look at that classroom? That is _ classroom. ( we )12. Look at that desk. Those books are on _. ( it )13. That is not _ camera. _is at home. ( he )14. Where are _? I cant find _. Lets call _ parents. ( they )15. The girl behind _ is our friend. (she )16. _ sister is ill. Please go and get _. ( sh
11、e )17. _ dont know her name. Would you please tell _. ( we )18. So many dogs. Lets count _. ( they )19. I have a lovely brother. _ is only 3. I like _ very much. ( he )20. May I sit beside _? ( you )三、指示代词三、指示代词 this ,that, these, those.These 是 this 的复数形式,指时间、距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事。Those 是 that 的复数形式,指时间、距
12、离较远或者前面已经提到的人或事。如:This is my room. That is Lucys room. These are his brothers. Those are he books.四、冠词的用法四、冠词的用法(一)冠词分为不定冠词(a ,an) 、定冠词(the)和零冠词(不用冠词的情况)三种。(二)不定冠词 a(an)与数词 one 同源,是“一个”的意思。a 用于辅音音素前,如 a boy 一个男孩 a teacher 一个老师;而 an 则用于元音音素前。如 an orange 一个橙子 an apple 一个苹果 an eraser 一块橡皮 an egg 一个鸡蛋 a
13、n English girl 一个英国女孩 an answer 一个答案 an aunt 一个阿姨 an uncle 一个叔叔 an alarm clock 一个闹钟 an example 一个例子 an art festival 一个艺术节 an action movie 一部动作片 an actor 一个演员,an email 一封电子邮件 an addres 一个地址 an opera 一部戏剧 an interesting book 一本有趣的书 an exciting movie 一部激动人心的电影不定冠词不定冠词 a、an 的用法的用法1. 用于可数名词的单数形式前,表示 “一“T
14、here is a tiger in the zoo.动物园里有一只老虎。2. 表示一类人和东西 A tiger can be dangerous.老虎可能有危害性。3. 表示“某一个“的意思 A gentleman wants to see you.有一位先生要见你。34. 表示“同一“的意思 They are nearly of an age.他们几乎同岁。 The two shirts are much of a size.这两件衬衫大小差不多。5. 表示“每一“的意思 We go swimming four times a week. 我们每周去游泳四次。6. 用在单数可数名词前,表示
15、身份、职业My mother is a teacher.我妈妈是教师。 7. 第一次提到的人或事物,但不特别指明是哪一个Long long ago there was an old king who had a very beautiful daughter.很久很久以前,有一个年老的国王,他有一个非常美丽的女儿。8. 在 such a,quite a 句式中。He is quite a good actor.他是一个相当好的演员。 Dont be in such a hurry. 不要如此匆忙。 9. 在感叹句 what.的句式中 What a pretty girl she is!她是一个
16、多么漂亮的女孩呀! 10.用在某些表示数量的词组中: a lot of 许多 a couple of 一对 a great many 很多 a dozen 一打 a great deal of 大量(三三)定定冠冠词词 the 的的用用法法.巧记定冠词 the 用法歌诀:特指双方熟悉,上文已经提起。世上独一无二,方位名词乐器。定冠词 the (表示特指)相当于 this (这个)that (那个) these (这些) those (那些)如 the sweater 这 (/那)件毛衣 the skirts 这些( /那些 )裙子某些专有名词,还有复数姓氏。序数词最高级,习惯用语要牢记。1.
17、用以特指某(些)人或事物 This is the house where Luxun once lived.这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。2. 用于指谈话双方都明确所指的人或事物Open the door, please.请把门打开。3. 用以复述上文提过的人或事物(第一次提到用“a 或 an”,以后再次提到用 “the”)I have a black pen. This is the pen.4. 用在序数词和 形容词最高级前 January is the first month of the year.一月份是一年当中的第一个月。 Shanghai is the biggest city in
18、China.上海是中国最大的城市。 5. 表示宇宙中世界上独一无二的事物 。the sun 太阳 the moon 月亮 the earth 地球 the sky 天空 the world 世界 6. 指由普通名词构成的 专有名词。the West Lake 西湖 the Great Wall 长城 the United States 美国7. 表示方向、方位 。in the east 在东方 in the west 在西方 in the front 在前面 at the back 在后面 in the bottom 在底部 at the top 在顶部 on the right 在右边 on
19、 the left 在左边 8. 在海洋、江河、湖泊、山脉、海峡、海湾等地理名词前the Pacific Ocean 太平洋 the Huanghe River 黄河 the Tianshan Mountains 天山山脉 the Taiwan Straits 台湾海峡9. 在姓氏复数前,表示一家人 The Bakers came to see me yesterday.贝克一家人昨天来看我。10. 和某些形容词连用,使形容词名词化,代表一类人或物the poor 穷人 the rich 富人 the sick 病人 the wounded 伤员 the good 好人 the beautif
20、ul 美丽的事物 11. 用在表示阶级、政党的名词前the working class 工人阶级 the Chinese Communist Party 中国共产党 12. 用在 the very 强调句中 This is the very book I want.这就是我想要的那本书。 13. 在 the more, the more 比较级的句式中 The more you drink, the more you like it.你越喝就越爱喝。 14. 表示演奏乐器时,乐器的前面要加theplay the piano 弹钢琴 play the violin 拉小提琴 *中国乐器名词前不与
21、冠词连用 :play erhu(二胡)the+n发明物 必须是单数 who invented the telephone?15. 某些固定的表达法 in the morning 在早上 in the afternoon 在下午 in the evening 在晚上 go to the cinema 去看电影 go to the theatre 去看戏 all the year round 一年到头 on the way to 前往.去的路上16. the 加单数可数名词可以表示一类人或事物The horse is a useful animal. 马是一种有用的动物。17.用在世纪或逢时 19
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