2007年一级建造师公路工程考试真题及答案.pdf

Manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff.Precisely because of this robot to get peoples attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic control technology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development ofthe technology makes agood optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didnt opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makesmechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the firstgeneration ofmanipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can still successfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as formaterials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of sense, when the mechanical arm is to use the program as abasis. Difference is that the robot begand2007 年一级建造师公路工程考试真题及答案一、单项选择题（共一、单项选择题（共 2020 题，每题题，每题 1 1 分。每题的备选项中，只有分。每题的备选项中，只有 1 1 个最符合题意）个最符合题意）1下列各类挡土墙，属于柔性结构物的是（）。A加筋土挡土墙B衡重式挡土墙C壁板式锚杆挡土墙D重力式挡土墙2可用于各级公路基层和底基层的粒料材料是（）。A天然砂砾B级配碎石C泥结碎石D填隙碎石3使用振动压路机碾压沥青玛蹄脂碎石 SMA 混合料时，宜采用的振动方法是（）。A低频率、低振幅B高频率、高振幅C低频率、高振幅D高频率、低振幅4路面基层在整个路面中的主要作用是（）。A隔水B承重C防冻D降噪5桥梁按结构体系划分，有梁式桥、拱桥、悬索桥和（）四种基本体系。A斜拉桥B刚架桥C连续刚构桥D梁、拱组合体系桥6某高速公路有一座单跨拱桥，其净跨径为 l0，计算跨径为 l，净矢高为 f0，计算矢高为 f，则该拱桥的矢跨比为（）。Af0/l0Bf0/lCf/l0Df/l7公路桥涵设计采用的偶然作用包括地震作用、船舶或漂流物的撞击作用和（）。A温度变化作用B基础变位作用C汽车撞击作用D混凝土收缩及徐变作用8采用新奥法施工的隧道，其开挖方法一般为（）。A钻爆法B沉管法C盾构法D盖挖法9根据公路工程施工企业资质类别划分要求，桥梁工程专业承包企业资质划分为 （）。A一级、二级B一级、二级、三级C特级、一级、二级D特级、一级、二级、三级10交通标线是由标划于路面上的各种线条、箭头、文字、立面标记和（）等构成的。A分合流标志B线形诱导标C突起路标D轮廓标11高速公路收费系统能够完成收费站、路段分中心、省结算中心之间收费业务数据、（）、时钟等的通信。A紧急电话B视频会议C费率D办公信息12某段道路工程施工，路基填方高度 20m，根据进度计划安排，要求路基回填完成自然沉降半年后，再进行路面施工，则路基填筑与路面施工之间的进度计划搭接关系是（）。A开始到开始B开始到结束C结束到开始D结束到结束13滑坡体土方的正确开挖方法是（）。A从滑坡体中部向两侧自上而下进行B从滑坡体两侧向中部自下而上进行C从滑坡体两侧向中部自上而下进行D从滑坡体两侧向中部全面拉槽开挖14公路施工规范规定路基弯沉测试的标准方法是（）。A环刀法B自动弯沉仪法C落锤弯沉仪法D贝克曼法15公路工程的间接费是由企业管理费和（）两项组成的。A预留费B建设单位管理费C财务费D现场经费16对于可调价的公路工程合同，在截止投标日之前的（）天以后的法律法规变更引起的费用增减，合同价可相应调整。A7B14C28D3017在下列试验项目中，属于标准试验的是（）。A砂的性能试验B混合料的配合比试验C沥青混凝土试验路段试验D预制构件的验证试验18按公路工程质量检验评定标准的要求，项目在竣工验收时综合评价为优良的必要条件是（）。A质量评定大于等于 90 分B项目法人工作评价大于等于 90 分C施工单位工作评价大于等于 90 分D监理工作评价大于等于 90 分19公路工程中，配备最普遍的技术工人是测量工和（）。A钢筋工B术工C实验工D混凝土工Manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff.Precisely because of this robot to get peoples attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic control technology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development ofthe technology makes agood optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didnt opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makesmechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the firstgeneration ofmanipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can still successfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as formaterials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of sense, when the mechanical arm is to use the program as abasis. Difference is that the robot begand20按照公路建设市场管理办法的规定，允许分包的工程范围应当在招标文件中规定，分包工程的工程量不得超过总工程量的（）。A50B40C30D20二二、多项选择题多项选择题（共共 1010 题题，每题每题 2 2 分分。每题的备选项中每题的备选项中，有有 2 2 个或个或 2 2 个以上符合题意个以上符合题意，至少有至少有 1 1 个错项个错项。错选错选，本题不得分少选，所选的每个选项得本题不得分少选，所选的每个选项得 0.50.5 分）分）21用于公路路基的土质填料，应通过取样试验确定填料的（）。A最小强度B级配C抗弯拉强度D最大粒径E最大 CBR 值22马歇尔试验的技术指标包括（）。A空隙率B稳定度C流值D沥青饱和度E破碎比23悬臂浇筑法施工刚构桥的挂篮由悬吊系统、行走系统和（）组成。A满堂支架B拱架C主桁架D工作平台底模架E锚固系与平衡重24一条高速公路的收费系统按其基本功能可分为计算机系统、电源系统、（）等。A视频监视系统B地理信息系统C内部对讲系统D信息发布系统E安全报警系统25在施工组织设计的基本内容中，主要用于指导准备工作的进行并为施工创造物质技术条件的项目有（） 。A总说明B施工方案C施工进度计划D施工现场平面布置E各种资源需要量及其供应26下列关于隧道施工的安全要点的说法，正确的有（）。A爆破后，通风排烟 15 分钟人员方可进场B机械凿岩时，必须采用干式凿岩机C在隧道内熬制沥青时要注意通风D爆破员实行“一爆三检”制度E洞内运输，车速不得超过 10kmh27公路工程的直接工程费是指（）之和。A施工技术装备费B现场经费C直接费D税金E其他直接费28工程量清单汇总表中的项目包括（）。A投标总价B暂定金额C计日工合计D施工措施费合计E100 章至 700 章合计29专用架桥机可按（）的不同进行分类。A移梁方式B吊装力式C导梁形式D缆索形式E送梁方式30产生无机结合料基层裂缝的原因可能有（）。A集料级配中细料偏少B碾压时含水量偏大C成型温度较低，强度形成较慢D碎石中含泥量较高E路基发生不均匀沉降三、案例分析题三、案例分析题 1 1 共共 5 5 题题， （一（一） 、 （二（二） 、 （三）题各（三）题各 2020 分分， （四（四） 、 （五）题各（五）题各 3030 分）分）（一）（一）背景资料：背景资料：某高速公路 M 合同段（K17+300K27+300），主要为路基土石方工程，本地区岩层构成为泥岩、砂岩互层，抗压强度 20Mpa 左右，地表土覆盖层较薄。在招标文件中，工程量清单列有挖方 m3（土石比例为 6：4），填方 m3，填方路段填料由挖方路段调运，考虑到部份工程量无法准确确定，因此采用单价合同，由监理工程师与承包人共同计量，土石开挖综合单价为 16 元m3.施工过程部分事件摘要如下：事件 1：施工单位开挖路基后，发现挖方土石比例与设计文件出入较大，施工单位以书面形式提出设计变更，后经业主、监理、设计与施工单位现场勘察、洽商，设计单位将土石比例调整为 3.4：6.6，变更后的士石方开挖综合单价调整为 19 元/m3.经测算，变更后的项目总价未超过初步设计批准的概算。事件 2：在填筑路堤时，施工单位采用土石混合分层铺筑，局部路段因地形复杂而采用竖向填筑法施工，并用平地机整平每一层，最大层厚 40cm，填至接近路床底面标高时，改用土方填筑。事件 3：该路堤施工中，严格质量检验，实测了压实度、弯沉值、纵断高程、中线偏位、宽度、横坡、边坡。问题：1.公路工程设计变更管理办法将设计变更分为哪几种？事件 1 中的设计变更属于哪一种？说明理由。2.指出事件 2 中施工方法存在的问题，并提出正确的施工方法。3.指出事件 3 中路堤质量检验实测项目哪个不正确？还需补充哪个实测项目？4.针对该路段选择的填料，在填筑时，对石块的最大粒径应有何要求？（二）（二）背景资料：背景资料：某高速公路特大桥为变截面预应力混凝土连续刚构桥，其桥跨布置为 70m+4120m+70m.主梁采用箱形截面，墩身为空心墩，墩高 5075m.桥墩采用群桩基础，平均桩长约 60m（见示意图）。各类考试资料 vx：344647 公众号：顺通考试资料Manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff.Precisely because of this robot to get peoples attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic control technology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development ofthe technology makes agood optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didnt opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makesmechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the firstgeneration ofmanipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can still successfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as formaterials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of sense, when the mechanical arm is to use the program as abasis. Difference is that the robot begand施工单位为本桥配置了以下主要施工机械和设备：反循环钻机、混凝土高压泵、混凝土搅拌站、塔吊、载人电梯、悬臂式掘进机、架桥机、预应力张拉成套设备、爬模设备、钢模板、钢护筒、挂篮设备。3#桥墩在施工到 40m 高度时，作业人员为了方便施工，自己拆除了部分安全防护设施。另有作业人员携带加工好的部分箍筋乘电梯到墩顶施工。问题：问题：1.按高处作业的分级要求，该桥 2#桥墩施工属于哪一级？患有哪些疾病的人员不适合在本桥墩作业？该桥墩的作业人员应配备哪些个人安全防护设施？2.指出 3#墩作业人员的错误做法。3.根据示意图，说明施工单位配备的施工机械和设备分别用于本桥哪些部位的施工？哪些设备不适用于本桥施工？4.本桥变截面箱梁宜采用什么方法施工？本桥承台属于高桩承台还是低桩承台？（三）（三）背景资料：背景资料：某施工单位中标承担了某路段高速公路收费系统的施工，该路段设计车速为 100kmh，有 8 处互通立交，其中 2 处互通立交连接其它高速公路，其余 6 处连接地方道路。全线设一个监控、通信、收费分中心，6 个收费站，采用封闭式半自动收费方式，并且纳入全省高速公路联网收费。收费车道计算机系统具有按车道操作流程正确工作、对车道设备的管理与控制、设备状态自检并将故障信号实时上传等功能。设计文件要求货车不称重而按载重吨位分型收费，但是在招标文件中要求收费应用软件应满足货车计重收费的需要。签订合同 10 天后，业主正式书面告知施工单位，本路段要增加货车计重收费系统，并且提供了原设计单位收费系统变更的相应图纸和说明，其涉及的变更未超过批准的建设规模。业主请施工单位组织实施。问题：问题：1.施工企业应具备何种企业资质才能承担该收费系统的施工任务？2.收费车道计算机系统除背景资料中提及的功能外，还有哪些功能？3.说明本工程新增货车计重收费系统的变更依据和变更确认过程。4.项目变更为采用货车计重收费方式时，出口车道应增加哪些设备？（四）（四）背景资料：背景资料：某施工企业承包了一段 36.8km 的四车道高速公路沥青混凝土路面工程，路面单幅宽 11.25m.路面结构型式为：基层为两层 18cm 的石灰粉煤灰稳定碎石，底基层为一层 18cm 的石灰粉煤灰稳定碎石；沥青混凝土面层为 7cm 的下面层，6cm 的中面层和 5cm 的 SMA 表面层；桥上只铺 5cm 的 SMA 表面层，随道内为水泥混凝十路面。项目经理部人员进场后，完成了经理部的建设和设备的进场工作。施工平面布置示意图如下。合同规定沥青材料由业主提供，地方材料由施工单位自采。材料管理人员在查看过料场、进行了价格比选后，就开始进料。项目经理部按照各项要求，在完成了一系列的准备工作后，开始施工石灰粉煤灰稳定碎石底基层。施工中，施工人员发现其中一段 800m 长的底基层出现了大量裂缝和破损，经检查是由于路基质量差所致，路面施工单位拟向路Manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff.Precisely because of this robot to get peoples attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set fo