英语被动语态PPT.ppt

Passive Voice一一. 何时使用被动语态何时使用被动语态 1. 不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要 Paper is made from wood. He was wounded in the fight. 2. 2. 需要强调动作的承受者时需要强调动作的承受者时 Books and newspapers in the reading room mustnt be taken away. He was awarded first prize in that contest. 3 3为了使语气婉转，避免提及自己或对方而使为了使语气婉转，避免提及自己或对方而使用被动语用被动语 态，或由于修饰的需要，使用被动态，或由于修饰的需要，使用被动语态，使句子得以更好的安排。语态，使句子得以更好的安排。 The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month. Electricity is used to run machines. Discusion: the active voice 主动语态 & the passive voice被动语态语态1. 什么时候用主动语态或被动语态？什么时候用主动语态或被动语态？2. 主动语态和被动语态的动词结构是怎样的？主动语态和被动语态的动词结构是怎样的？3. 主动语态句子变成被动语态句子哪三个部分主动语态句子变成被动语态句子哪三个部分要变？怎么变？要变？怎么变？ 语态动词 时态 结构 主动语态 被动语态一般现在时 一般过去时 什么时候用主动语态或被动语态？什么时候用主动语态或被动语态？主语是动作的执行者就用主动语态主语是动作的执行者就用主动语态主语是动作的承受者就用被动语态主语是动作的承受者就用被动语态We study English at school.English is studied by us at school.我们用木头做家具。我们用木头做家具。 那只老鼠被猫抓住了那只老鼠被猫抓住了 相机是用来照相的。相机是用来照相的。 Discusion 1: the active voice 主动语态 & the passive voice被动语态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态被动语态被动语态 语态动词 时态 结构 the active voice the passive voice一般现在时 一般过去时 am is + p.p. are was + p.p. were v v+ s esp.t.Discusion 2: the active voice 主动语态主动语态 & the passive voice被动语态被动语态1. We call the doctor.2. People dont play football here.3. The truck was cleaned yesterday.Decide if these sentences are active or passive.4. Mr Chen teaches us English.5. The classroom was cleaned.activeactivepassiveactivepassiveExercise ：1.The key _for locking the classroom door. A.uses B. is used C.is using D.use2.A new school _over there two years ago. A. built B. was built C. build D. builds3.The lost child _ on October 7,1998. A.was found B. is found C. found D. find4.A talk on Chinese history_in the school hall yesterday. A.is given B.give C.was given D. gave BBACDisscusion 3: the active voice 主动语态 & the passive voice被动语态主动语态句子变成被动语态句子哪三个部分要变？怎么变？1. 把原句的宾语改为主语。把原句的宾语改为主语。2. 把原句的谓语动词改为被动语态结构( be + p.p.)。3. 把原句的主语改为by的宾语（用宾格）,可省略。e.g. She cleaned the room.The room was cleaned ( by her).1.They play basketball in their school.(改为被动语态) Basketball_ _in their school by them.is played2. The naughty boy broke the window. The window _ _ by the naughty boy.3. People speak English all over the world. English _ _ by people all over the world.Exercise ：was brokenis spokenExercise ：translate the following sentences1. 这些照片是上星期拍的这些照片是上星期拍的 。2. 这本书是鲁迅写的。这本书是鲁迅写的。3. 史密斯一家被邀请参加了派对。史密斯一家被邀请参加了派对。4. 长江也叫扬子江。长江也叫扬子江。These photos were taken last week.This book was written by Lu Xun.The Smiths were invited to the party.The Changjiang River is also called theYangteze River.Summary：1. 什么时候用主动语态或被动语态？什么时候用主动语态或被动语态？2. 主动语态和被动语态的动词结构是怎样的？主动语态和被动语态的动词结构是怎样的？3. 主动语态句子变成被动语态句子哪三个部主动语态句子变成被动语态句子哪三个部分要变？怎么变？分要变？怎么变？ 语态动词 时态 结构 主动语态 被动语态一般现在时 一般过去时 1.I washed my clothes once a day. My clothes was washed (by me) once a day.I was washed my clothes once a day.X 2.They took Jim to the hospital. 3.Tom closed the shop just now.They was took Jim to the hospital.Jim was taken to the hospital by them.The shop closed Tom just now.The shop was closed (by Tom) just now.XX2 含有复合宾语的主动句，宾补不变。含有复合宾语的主动句，宾补不变。 （1） 将宾语变为主语，宾补不变。将宾语变为主语，宾补不变。 They call her XiaoLi. She is called XiaoLi. （2) make, let, have, hear, watch, see, feel, notice. H 既动词后变做宾补的不定式一般不 加to,变为被动,必须加to . My brother often made me do this and that when I was young. I was often made to do this and that by my brother when I young. I heard her move about in her room upstairslast night. She was heard to move about in her roomuptairs last night. Did you see Jack take away the magazine? Was Jack seen to take away the magazine? 3. 情态动词的被动语态。是由情态V+be+ p.p.构成 They can not find him. He can not be found. You must pay me for this. I must be paid for this. 4. 有些动词用主动形式表被动含义有些动词用主动形式表被动含义. The goods sells well. The door cant open. 5.有些词如want,need,require和 be worth后面 v-ing形式 为主动，意义为被动。 The room needs/wants/requires cleaning. The book is worth reading. 6.主动语态中的宾语是从句，变成被动时使 用形式替代 词it. We know that Britain is an island country. Its known that Britain is an island country. 7. 据说类动词：据说类动词： say, consider, think, report, know, believe,suggest, understand, hope, etc. 如：It is said that There is said to be Sth./Sb. is said to 8.主动形式表被动主动形式表被动 感官动词：sound,taste,smell,fell,look,seem等主语是物时； 一些vi主动形式表被动含义open, close, shut, read, write, translate, wash, clean, lock, sell, wear, cut, cook, eat, weigh, drink, pay, draw, etc. 不定式to blame,to let（出租）作表语时，主动形式表被动含义 You are to blame. The house is to let.表（sth）需要的need ,want, require等后的动名词用 主动形式表被动含义 The house needs /wants/require repairingbe worth后的动名词主动形式表被动含义 The book is worth reading.