grammar (5).ppt

Translate the sentences.1. 我经常怀疑是否值得花如此多的时间在我经常怀疑是否值得花如此多的时间在家庭作业上。家庭作业上。 _ _2. 我不能理解为什么他们对我如此严格。我不能理解为什么他们对我如此严格。 _ _I often doubt whether it is worth spending so much time on homework I do not understand why they are so strict with me.学好宾语从句共有三关：学好宾语从句共有三关：连接词连接词语序语序时态时态Are you ready?连接代词和连接副词连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句We use a question word to introduce an object clause that expresses a wh- question. The word order in the clause should be the same as that in a statement.Tip:Whom is an object pronoun. We can use who instead of whom.pron. 谁谁(宾格宾格)1. I wonder what I should do.2. Daniel does not know whom he should talk to.3. Sometimes we forget when we should stop.4. I do not understand why they are so strict with me.5. I do not know how I should deal with the problem.从句来源从句来源连接词连接词备注备注陈述句陈述句that口语或非正式口语或非正式文体中常省略文体中常省略一般疑问句一般疑问句if / whether特殊疑问句特殊疑问句连接代词：连接代词：who; whom; whose; which; what 等等在句中担任主、在句中担任主、宾、定或表语。宾、定或表语。连接副词：连接副词：when; where; why; how等等在句中担任状在句中担任状语语if或或whether连接宾语从句，由一般疑问句连接宾语从句，由一般疑问句转化而来，转化而来，常放在常放在ask, see, know, wonder, find out等动词等动词/组后组后。口语中多用口语中多用if。1. The old woman asked me if I knew the way to the hospital. 2. Is Peter there? Hold on, please. Ill see if I can find him for you. 3. Nobody knows whether/if it will rain tomorrow. 4. He wondered if/whether he had given correct answers. 5. Id like to find out whether I am blacklisted. 连接代词和连接副词引导宾语从句是由特连接代词和连接副词引导宾语从句是由特殊疑问句变化而来，用陈述句语序。殊疑问句变化而来，用陈述句语序。放在放在see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, find out, imagine, suggest, wonder, discover, understand, inform, advise等之等之后后。1. They havent decided who will go there. 2. I want to know whom/who you are waiting for? 3. Tell me what book you like to read. 4. Tell me which book you like to read best of the three. 5. Have the police discovered whose the special shoes are? 6. I asked him why he smiled.7. Can you tell me where you are？ 8. Do you know when we will hold the sports meeting?9. I cant imagine how the thief entered my room.What a nice paper fish! Can you show us _ you make it? （2013陕西）陕西）A. whether B. howC. why D. what【解析解析】whether “是否是否”；how “怎样怎样”；why “为什么为什么”；what “什么什么”。前一句。前一句“多么好看的纸鱼啊多么好看的纸鱼啊”可知，后一句为可知，后一句为“你能给我们演示一下你是怎样制作它的你能给我们演示一下你是怎样制作它的吗？吗？”。主句是主句是过去的某种时态过去的某种时态，从句一定要用从句一定要用过去的某种时态过去的某种时态。 主句时态主句时态从句时态从句时态一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去进行时过去进行时过去进行时过去进行时e.g.We didnt know why she had missed the flight.He told me that he was watching a cartoon film at 10 oclock this morning.注意：宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自注意：宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，从句都要用一般现在时。然现象等时，从句都要用一般现在时。e.g.He said that light travels much faster than sound.宾语从句三要素：宾语从句三要素：连接词连接词 that（陈述句）（陈述句） if/whether（一般疑问句）（一般疑问句） who; whom; whose; which; what when; where; why; how( (特殊疑问句特殊疑问句) )时态时态 主句主句为为一般现在时一般现在时， 从句从句可以是可以是任何时态任何时态 主句主句为为一般过去时一般过去时， 从句从句进行进行相应的变化相应的变化 客观真理，自然现象客观真理，自然现象等等不变不变语序语序 陈述语序陈述语序The Class 1, Grade 9 students are talking about their problems. Help them complete each object clause below with a correct question word.More problems and questionsI need silence when Im studying. I dont know _ I can find a quiet place.KittyPeterI need someone to share my worries with. I wonder _ I should go to for help.n. 担心，令人担忧的事担心，令人担忧的事n. 安静，沉默安静，沉默wherewho/ whomI have tried my best, but I dont understand _ I still get low marks.My parents often come home very late. Sometimes I dont know _ I will see them.AmySandywhywhenSometimes Im careless. I wonder _ I can be more careful.I often have difficulty expressing myself. Who can tell me _ I should do?PaulSuzyhowwhatThe word order in an object clause introduced by a question word should be _ (different from, the same as) that in a wh- question.different fromDaniel has some questions. Rewrite his questions by using object clauses introduced by question words.1. Why do I always feel tired in class? Can you explain why I always feel tired in class?2. How much sleep do we need every day? I wonder _ _. how much sleep we need every day3. Which method should I use to solve the problem? I am not sure _ _.4. Where can we buy a good dictionary? Can you tell me _ _?5. How can I improve my English quickly? I want to know _ _.n. 字典字典 where we can buy a good dictionary how I can improve my English quicklyn. 方法方法v. 解决，解答解决，解答 which method I should use to solve the problem6. Whom should we ask for help? I don not know _ _.7. What would life be like without hobbies? I cannot imagine _ _. whom we should ask for help what life would be like without hobbies Millie wants to introduce Mr Friend to her classmates. Help Millie complete her email with the correct question words.Dear classmates,Have you ever had any problems? Are you wondering _ you can ask for advice?If so, you can write to Mr Sigmund Friend. You may wonder _ he is. He is a youth worker.n. 青少年辅导员青少年辅导员who/ whomwhoDo you know _ a youth worker does? Mr Friend says that youth workers help young people solve their problems. They are doing a great job. Some of my friends wrote to Mr Friend and asked _ they could deal with their problems. Soon they got his replies. Now they know _ they should do.Best wishes,Millien. 回答，回复回答，回复whathowwhatComplete the passage.My friends and I were discussing _ we would do next Sunday. Alex suggested _ we should play table tennis. But Linda said she _ _ (play) pingpong with her brother last weekend. Sarah advised us to have a picnic. whatthathad playedI was interested in both of them, so I was not sure _ was better. At last, we decided to have a picnic. Im longing for good weather, for the picnic will depend on _ the weather will be fine.whichwhether1.We dont know _ we will go there tomorrow. A. where B. why C. when D. whether2. Do you know _? A. what time will the plane take off B. what time would the plane take off C. what time the plane will take off D. the plane will take off at what timeChoose the right answers.3. The manager came up to see _. A. who did the job B. who did the job do C. who does the job D. who does the job do4. Can you tell me how soon _ back? A. will he be B. does he come C. he will be D. did he come5. Nobody knows _. A. who is he B. who he is C. what is he D. what does he do1. Id like to know Where is your school?1. I wonder How far is the park from here?3. I cant imagine How did he find his lost dog?4. Can you explain Why does the sun rise in the east?5. We havent found out Whats wrong with Ann?Id like to know where your school is.I wonder how far the park is from here .I cant imagine how he found his lost dog.Can you explain why the sun rises in the east. We havent found out what is wrong with Ann. Rewrite the sentencesWe give suggestions politely using structures such as Why not, Why dont you, What/ How about, Lets and Shall weTip:We also use perhaps to give suggestions. Perhaps you should manage your time better.提建议的句型提建议的句型e.g. 1. Why not eat less and exercise more ?2. Why dont you let your parents know you need them?3. What/ How about choosing your hobby according to the time you have ?4. Lets write a letter to Mr Sigmund Friend.5. Shall we have a meeting about this ?我们可以用我们可以用Why not?What/How about?Lets和和Shall we等提建议。等提建议。Perhaps 也可用于建议。也可用于建议。e.g. Perhaps you can park over there.句型句型Why not?是是Why dont you ?的的缩略形式，缩略形式，“为什么不为什么不？” “你为你为什么不什么不?”，后面跟动词原形。，后面跟动词原形。e.g. Why not donate your pocket money to charity? 你为什么不把零用钱捐给慈善组织？你为什么不把零用钱捐给慈善组织？ =Why dont you donate your pocket money to charity?What/How about ? “怎么样？怎么样？” “如何？如何？”，后面跟名词，代词，后面跟名词，代词或者动名词。或者动名词。e.g.What/ How about having a cup of coffee?喝杯咖啡怎么样？喝杯咖啡怎么样？lets “让我们让我们吧吧”，后接动词，后接动词原形。原形。e.g. Lets listen to the teacher. 让我们听老师讲吧。让我们听老师讲吧。Shall we ? “我们我们好吗？好吗？”后面跟动词原形。后面跟动词原形。e.g. Shall we go swimming tomorrow? 我们明天游泳好吗？我们明天游泳好吗？Millie feels tired these days. Amy and Sandy are trying to help her. Use the correct structures to help the girls give suggestions.A plan to relaxMillie: Im always feeling tired these days. Theres so much homework and Ive spent all my time on it.Sandy: _ do something fun?Amy: I agree. _ go to the cinema?Sandy: Good idea. But I dont know what films are on now.Why notShall weMillie: I dont want to see any films.Amy: _ going to the new museum? My dad tells me that its big and modern. I know where it is, but Im not sure when it closes.Sandy: _ go and see? Its still early.Millie: OK. But we may get home late. _ tell our parents first.How aboutShall weLetsA suggestion using _, _, _ or _ ends with a question mark. A suggestion using _ ends with a full stop.Why not Why dont youWhat/ How aboutShall weLetsTranslate the sentences.1. 为什么不寻求老师的帮助？为什么不寻求老师的帮助？2. 你为什么不听听音乐放松一下呢你为什么不听听音乐放松一下呢？ Why not ask your teacher for help?Why dont you listen to music to relax yourself?3. 这个周末看场电影怎么样？这个周末看场电影怎么样？4. 让我们换换口味去饭馆吃饭吧！让我们换换口味去饭馆吃饭吧！5. 我们在校门口碰头好吗我们在校门口碰头好吗?What/ How about watching a film this weekend? Lets go to a restaurant for a change.Shall we meet at the school gate?1.复习宾语从句的用法。复习宾语从句的用法。2.掌握提建议的句型掌握提建议的句型