2019年高考英语全国2卷真题.docx

1解密解密2019 年高考英语全国年高考英语全国 II 卷卷真题解析真题解析试卷导航试卷导航语篇语篇话题话题体裁体裁词数词数难度难度阅读理解阅读理解 A人与社会：人与社会：好书介绍好书介绍应用文应用文236+64 =300易易阅读理解阅读理解 B人与自然：人与自然：志愿者志愿者夹叙夹议夹叙夹议310+128=438 中中阅读理解阅读理解 C人与社会：人与社会：独自用餐独自用餐说明文说明文298+126=424中中阅读理解阅读理解 D人与自然：人与自然：美国国家航空美国国家航空航天局航天局HUNCH 计划计划说明文说明文263+115=378中中阅读七选五阅读七选五人与自我：人与自我：动机与设定目动机与设定目标标说明文说明文273+61=334中中完形填空完形填空人与社会：人与社会：记叙文记叙文281中中2帮助素不相识帮助素不相识的人找回丢失的人找回丢失的宠物狗的宠物狗语法填空语法填空人与社会：人与社会：9090 岁高龄的岁高龄的Irene 因一直因一直坚持工作而被坚持工作而被评为评为 Woman Of The Year记叙文记叙文（人物报（人物报道）道）207易易短文改错短文改错人与自我：人与自我：“我我”希望未希望未来从事的职业来从事的职业及原因及原因记叙文记叙文106中中书面表达书面表达人与社会：人与社会：告知信告知信应用文应用文100（左右）（左右）中中试题解读试题解读第二部分第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）分）第一节第一节 （共（共 15 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 分，满分分，满分 30 分）分）3阅读下列短文，从每题所给的阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选四个选项中，选出最佳选项。项。AMy Favourite BooksJo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series (系列系列) of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads.Matilda Roald DahlI once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahls writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful worlds. Matildas battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress, Miss Trunchbull, are equally funny and frightening, but theyre also aspirational.After DarkHaruki Murakami Its about two sisters Eri, a model who either wont or cant stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student. In trying to connect to her sister, Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse “night people” who are hiding secrets.4Gone Girl Gillian FynnThere was a bit of me that didnt want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the horror story is brilliant. Theres tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. Its a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise whats going on is horribly enjoyable.The StandStephen KingThis is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around. After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the worlds population, a battle unfolds between good and evil among those left. Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever. 21. Who does “I” refer to in the text?A. Stephen King.B. Gillian Flynn.C. Jo Usmar.D. Roald Dahl.22. Which of the following tells about Mari and Eri?A. Cosmopolitan.B. Matilda.C. After Dark.D. The Stand.523. What kind of book is Gone Girl?A. A folk tale.B. A biography.C. A love story.D. A horror story.语篇解读语篇解读关键词关键词top reads主旨概要主旨概要本文是一篇应用文，介绍了作家本文是一篇应用文，介绍了作家 Jo Usmar 选出的选出的四本好四本好书。书。百科知识百科知识1. Cosmopolitan：美国版时尚杂志，是世界上销售规模最美国版时尚杂志，是世界上销售规模最大的年轻女性杂志。大的年轻女性杂志。2. Roald Dahl：罗尔德：罗尔德··达尔（达尔（1916 年年 9 月月 13 日日1990年年 11 月月 23 日），英国杰出的儿童文学作家、剧作家和短日），英国杰出的儿童文学作家、剧作家和短篇小说作家。篇小说作家。3. Haruki Murakami：村上春树，日本现代著名小说家，：村上春树，日本现代著名小说家，亦擅长美国文学的翻译。亦擅长美国文学的翻译。4. Gillian Flynn：吉莉安：吉莉安··弗琳，美国编剧、制片人。弗琳，美国编剧、制片人。5. Stephen King：斯蒂芬：斯蒂芬··金，美国作家，编写过剧本、金，美国作家，编写过剧本、专栏评论，曾担任电影导演、制片人以及演员。专栏评论，曾担任电影导演、制片人以及演员。 语言知识语言知识6重难点词重难点词pick 挑选；挑选；top（非正式）很好的；（非正式）很好的；（a good / interesting）read（好的（好的 / 有意思的）书（或文章等）；有意思的）书（或文章等）；equally 同样地；同样地；diverse 各种各样的；各种各样的；fantasy n 幻想；幻想；around adv 现有现有合成词：合成词：lifestyle 生活方式，工作方式（生活方式，工作方式（名词名词 + 名词名词）;headmistress（尤指私立学校的）校长（尤指私立学校的）校长（名词名词 + 名词名词）；）；outbreak 爆发（爆发（副词副词 + 动词动词）；）；storyteller 故事（或小说）作者故事（或小说）作者（名词名词 + 名词名词）构词法构词法派生词：派生词：co-author 合著者（合著者（前缀前缀 co-“和和一起一起”）；）； appreciation 理解，认识（理解，认识（名词名词后缀后缀-tion “的状态的状态”）；delightful 令人愉快的（令人愉快的（形容词形容词后缀后缀-ful“充满充满的的”）；）；bossy 专横的（专横的（形容词后缀形容词后缀-y“有有特质的特质的”）；）； aspirational 渴望成功的（渴望成功的（形容词后缀形容词后缀-al“有有特性特性”）； 7tension 矛盾（矛盾（名词后缀名词后缀-sion“的状态的状态”）;anxiety 焦虑（焦虑（名词后缀名词后缀-ty“的状态的状态”）；）；frustration 受挫（受挫（名词后缀名词后缀-tion“的状态的状态”）；）； unfold 发生（发生（否定前缀否定前缀 un-“不；表示相反的动作不；表示相反的动作”）其他：其他：whodunit n（非正式用语）是（非正式用语）是 Who done it?的变体，意为的变体，意为“（在结尾才知道谁是谋杀犯的）侦探小说（在结尾才知道谁是谋杀犯的）侦探小说 / 戏剧戏剧”。重难点词块重难点词块 fairy tale 童话；童话；battle for 争夺；争夺；folk tale 民间故事民间故事 / 传传说；说；horror story 恐怖故事；恐怖故事；wipe out 彻底毁灭；彻底毁灭；good and evil 善与恶善与恶长难句分析长难句分析 There was a bit of me that didnt want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the horror story is brilliant. 句意为：过去虽然其他人都喜欢恐怖小说，但是句意为：过去虽然其他人都喜欢恐怖小说，但是我有点不太喜欢。不过，这本恐怖小说倒是很出色。句中我有点不太喜欢。不过，这本恐怖小说倒是很出色。句中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词引导定语从句，修饰先行词me；when引导让步状语从引导让步状语从8句，相当于句，相当于although。Its a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise whats going on is horribly enjoyable. 句意为：它的情节句意为：它的情节扑朔迷离，当你意识到发生了什么时，沮丧就会成为一种扑朔迷离，当你意识到发生了什么时，沮丧就会成为一种可怕的享受。句中可怕的享受。句中 when 引导的时间状语从句前置于主句引导的时间状语从句前置于主句的表语之前，正常语序为：的表语之前，正常语序为：the frustration is horribly enjoyable when you realise whats going on.答案与解析答案与解析21. C 推理判断题推理判断题 根据根据第一段及该段最后一句第一段及该段最后一句 Here she picks her top reads.可可知，下文介绍作家知，下文介绍作家 Jo Usmar 选出的最好的读物，所以下文中的选出的最好的读物，所以下文中的“I”指的指的是是 Jo Usmar。22. C 事实细节题事实细节题 根据根据 After Dark 的相关内容中的相关内容中 Its about two sisters Eri，a model who either wont or cant stop sleeping，and Mari, a young student.可知答案。可知答案。23. D 事实细节题事实细节题 根据根据 Gone Girl 的相关内容中的相关内容中 There was a bit of me that didnt want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the horror story is brilliant. 可知答案。可知答案。B“You can use me as a last resort (选择选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a 9request for volunteers for my kids lacrosse (长曲棍球长曲棍球) club. I guess that theres probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids arent even on. At this point the unwilling parent speaks up, “Alright. Yes, Ill do it.”Im secretly relieved because I know theres real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community (社社区区) as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.In that sense, Im pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than 10Id freely like to admit. However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?24. What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph 1?A. She knows little about the club.B. She isnt good at sports.C. She just doesnt want to volunteer.D. Shes unable to meet her schedule.25. What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Encourage teamwork.B. Appeal to feelings.C. Promote good deeds.D. Provide advice.26. What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3?A. She gets interested in lacrosse.B. She is proud of her kids.C. Shell work for another season.D. She becomes a good helper.27. Why does the author like doing volunteer work?11A. It gives her a sense of duty.B. It makes her very happy.C. It enables her to work hard.D. It brings her material rewards.语篇解读语篇解读关键词关键词volunteer, unwilling, joy, a selfish act, benefit, reward主旨概要主旨概要本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，讲述了作者成功说服本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，讲述了作者成功说服一位本不愿意参与志愿者工作的家长参加长曲棍球一位本不愿意参与志愿者工作的家长参加长曲棍球社团的志愿者活动的过程，并且这位家长后来成为社团的志愿者活动的过程，并且这位家长后来成为这个团队中有力的帮手。同时阐述了作者在参与志这个团队中有力的帮手。同时阐述了作者在参与志愿者活动过程中获得了很多快乐，这让其他人受益，愿者活动过程中获得了很多快乐，这让其他人受益，同时自己也获得了回报。同时自己也获得了回报。原文出处原文出处选自选自 The Week，名为，名为 Im addicted to volunteering. Is that selfish?的文章。的文章。https:/theweek.com/articles/692618/im-addicted-volunteering-that-selfish语言知识语言知识12重难点词重难点词demanding adj（工作）要求高的；（工作）要求高的；coach v（对体（对体育运动、工作或技能进行）育运动、工作或技能进行） 训练，培训，指导训练，培训，指导 (名词动词化名词动词化)；power 影响力；影响力；end-of-season adj赛赛季末的；季末的；invaluable 极有价值的；极有价值的；bloodthirsty 嗜血成性的（此处是比喻的用法，比喻孩子们很渴）嗜血成性的（此处是比喻的用法，比喻孩子们很渴）；still（句子副词句子副词）虽然如此，然而；）虽然如此，然而；freely 自愿自愿地，直率地；地，直率地；pretty adv 非常非常重难点词块重难点词块put out 公布；公布；step up 走上前去；走上前去；tug at the heartstrings 触动心弦；触动心弦；single parent 单亲；单亲； at this point 这时；这时；speak up 明确表态；明确表态；along the way 一路过来；一路过来；end up 最终成为；最终成为；off the hook 脱脱离困境；离困境； hand out 分发；分发； come to a close 结束；结束； couple sth with sth 把某事与某事连接起来；把某事与某事连接起来；appeal to 打动打动长难句分析长难句分析I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids arent even on. 句意为：我说起一位句意为：我说起一位负责该活动的单亲家长，他有四个孩子；也谈到一负责该活动的单亲家长，他有四个孩子；也谈到一位爸爸，即便他儿子没在那个球队，也给该球队执位爸爸，即便他儿子没在那个球队，也给该球队执教。教。running the show 作后置定语，修饰作后置定语，修饰parent；coaching a team 作后置定语，修饰作后置定语，修饰13dad；that 引导定语从句，修饰引导定语从句，修饰 team。Im secretly relieved because I know theres real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. 句意为：我暗自欣慰，因为我知道把志愿者句意为：我暗自欣慰，因为我知道把志愿者责任感分享给许多人会有真正的影响力。责任感分享给许多人会有真正的影响力。That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. 句意为：在欣慰的同时，也深刻理解了为什么句意为：在欣慰的同时，也深刻理解了为什么同一拨人会不断回来参与更多的活动：当你自愿地同一拨人会不断回来参与更多的活动：当你自愿地提供时间、金钱、技能或服务时，参与社区活动会提供时间、金钱、技能或服务时，参与社区活动会给予真正的快乐。给予真正的快乐。why 引导宾语从句，作引导宾语从句，作 of 的宾的宾语；语；Connecting to the community 作主语，作主语，provides a real joy 作谓语，作谓语，as 引导时间状语从句。引导时间状语从句。In that sense, Im pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than Id freely like to admit. 句意为：句意为：从那个角度说，我很确信志愿服务是一种自私的行从那个角度说，我很确信志愿服务是一种自私的行为，但我不愿承认这一点。为，但我不愿承认这一点。However, if others benefit in the process, and I get 14some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies? 句意为：句意为：然而，如果其他人在这个然而，如果其他人在这个过程中受益，我也得到了一些回报，我的动机是什过程中受益，我也得到了一些回报，我的动机是什么重要吗？么重要吗？if 引导状语从句，主句为引导状语从句，主句为 does it really matter where my motivation lies。it 是形式主语，是形式主语，指代指代 where my motivation lies。24. C 推理判断题推理判断题 根据第一段的根据第一段的 You can use me as a last resort, and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.可知，这位家长说如果其他人都不可知，这位家长说如果其他人都不愿意做志愿者的工作，她会做这份工作，作者可以把她当作最后的备选。愿意做志愿者的工作，她会做这份工作，作者可以把她当作最后的备选。言外之意就是她不愿意做志愿者的工作。言外之意就是她不愿意做志愿者的工作。25. B 词义猜测题词义猜测题 heartstrings 是由是由 heart + strings 组成，可知此短语与心组成，可知此短语与心情有关。由情有关。由上文可知，上文可知，作者猜测这位家长对于参与一项不熟悉的运动可能作者猜测这位家长对于参与一项不熟悉的运动可能有一些顾虑，作者需要说服她。有一些顾虑，作者需要说服她。由由 I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids arent even on.可知，可知，作者提到了一位有四个孩子的单亲家长负责该活动；作者提到了一位有四个孩子的单亲家长负责该活动；一位爸爸即便自己孩子没有加入球队，也给该球队执教。由此可猜测出作一位爸爸即便自己孩子没有加入球队，也给该球队执教。由此可猜测出作者是想从感情上打动这位家长。者是想从感情上打动这位家长。26. D 事实细节题事实细节题 根据第三段的根据第三段的 Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team.可知，这位家可知，这位家长后来成为社团里的一个有力帮手。长后来成为社团里的一个有力帮手。1527. B 事实细节题事实细节题 根据第四段的根据第四段的 Connecting to the community as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.可知，做志愿者使作者很快乐。可知，做志愿者使作者很快乐。CMarian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beachs Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtels “me” time. And like more Americans, shes not alone.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half (53 percent) have breakfast alone and nearly half (46 percent) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report.“I prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know?” Bechtel said, looking up from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. “Today, I just wanted some time to myself,” she said.Just two seats over, Andrew Mazoleny, a local videographer, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom hes on a first-name basis if he 16wants to have a little interaction (交流交流). “I reflect on how my days gone and think about the rest of the week,” he said. “Its a chance for self-reflection. You return to work recharged and with a plan.”That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesnt feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology,” said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the report.28. What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?A. Food variety.B. Eating habits.C. Table manners.D. Restaurant service.29. Why does Bechtel prefer to go out for lunch?A. To meet with her coworkers.B. To catch up with her work.C. To have some time on her own.D. To collect data for her report.30. What do we know about Mazoleny?A. He makes videos for the bar.17B. Hes fond of the food at the bar.C. He interviews customers at the bar.D. Hes familiar with the barkeeper.31. What is the text mainly about?A. The trend of having meals alone.B. The importance of self-reflection.C. The stress from working overtime.D. The advantage of wireless technology.语篇解读语篇解读关键词关键词eat alone主旨概要主旨概要本文是一篇说明文。据统计越来越多的美国人喜欢独自用本文是一篇说明文。据统计越来越多的美国人喜欢独自用餐，并通过两个实例加以说明，文章最后一段总结了人们餐，并通过两个实例加以说明，文章最后一段总结了人们选择独自用餐的原因。选择独自用餐的原因。原文出处原文出处http:/feastpb.blog.palmbeachpost.com/2015/09/18/why-more-americans-are-eating-alone/West Palm Beach:西棕榈滩西棕榈滩, ,美国佛罗里达州东南部疗养城美国佛罗里达州东南部疗养城市。人口市。人口 6.2 万，大市区万，大市区 57.3 万（万（1980）。与其东侧棕榈）。与其东侧棕榈18百科知识百科知识滩隔沃斯湖相望，有大桥相通。滩隔沃斯湖相望，有大桥相通。1893 年作为棕榈滩的商业年作为棕榈滩的商业区而兴建。但自卡纳维拉尔角设立肯尼迪宇航中心以来，区而兴建。但自卡纳维拉尔角设立肯尼迪宇航中心以来，航空、电子零件研制也日益发展。航空、电子零件研制也日益发展。语言知识语言知识重难点词重难点词but 除除之外；之外；dinnertime 正餐时间（英美国家通常为正餐时间（英美国家通常为晚餐时间）；晚餐时间）；statistics 统计数据（学术词）；统计数据（学术词）；coworker 同事（构词法：同事（构词法：co-和和在一起）；在一起）；escape 暂时的解脱，暂时的解脱，消遣（熟词生义）；消遣（熟词生义）；barkeeper 酒吧老板或服务员；酒吧老板或服务员；self-reflection 自省，自我反思；自省，自我反思；recharge 非正式非正式 恢复体力恢复体力 / / 精力精力重难点词块重难点词块 None of your business!不关你的事，别管闲事；不关你的事，别管闲事；prefer to do sth 更喜欢做某事；更喜欢做某事；chat sb up 亲昵地攀谈，与某人搭亲昵地攀谈，与某人搭讪讪; ; be on a first-name basis 关系密切直呼其名关系密切直呼其名; ; reflect on / upon sth 认真思考某事；认真思考某事；keep sb company 陪伴某人陪伴某人长难句分析长难句分析 Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore，74 percent，according to statistics from the report. 句意为：句意为：有有 74%的人只在晚餐时间才一起吃饭。的人只在晚餐时间才一起吃饭。only+ +状语放在句状语放在句首，强调时间状语，其后习惯上用部分倒装。正确语序是首，强调时间状语，其后习惯上用部分倒装。正确语序是We are eating together only at dinnertime anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report. 19写作句型写作句型1. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according