Grammar(1).ppt

Revision Translate the following sentences.1. 你迟早会成功的。你迟早会成功的。 Youll succeed in time.2. 我的车与你的不一样。我的车与你的不一样。 My car is different from yours.3. 站在门旁边的那个人是谁？站在门旁边的那个人是谁？ Who is the person standing by the door? 4. 他总是第一个来，最后一个离开。他总是第一个来，最后一个离开。 Hes always the first to come and the last to leave. 5. 既然你已经长大了，你自己决定吧。既然你已经长大了，你自己决定吧。 Now that you have grown up you can decide it yourself.Answer key for exercise 1:-enceun-presentcertainviolentfairconfidentpaiddifferentlikepatientkindpresenceviolenceconfidencedifferencepatienceuncertainunfairunpaidunlikeunkind-al-istcultureartglobephysicsuniversechemistryagriculturebiologymathematicsscienceculturalglobaluniversalagriculturalmathematicalartistphysicistchemistbiologistscientistC A C BAnswer key for exercise 2:Answer key for exercise 3:fundamental, astronomy, gave birth to,existed, As a result, atoms, prevent from, puzzleemotional words calm wordsAnswer key for exercise 4:violent angry rude shocked excited crazypatient gentle relaxing kind easy-going calm【寻规找矩】【寻规找矩】请观察下列句子请观察下列句子, 注意主注意主语从句的用法。语从句的用法。1. That the earth travels round the sun is a well-known fact.2. It is uncertain whether the artist can do it or not. 3. Who will act the lead in the play has not been decided yet.4. Where the young man has gone is not known.5. It is not yet decided when and where the test will be given.【归纳总结】【归纳总结】 1. 引导主语从句的词有连词引导主语从句的词有连词that, whether；连接代词；连接代词who, whose, whom, whoever, what, which等；连接副词等；连接副词where, when, whenever, wherever, how, why等。等。2. 有时用有时用it作形式主语，将主语从句后作形式主语，将主语从句后置。置。【常见错误展示】【常见错误展示】下列各句均有一处下列各句均有一处错误，请改正并分析错误的原因。错误，请改正并分析错误的原因。1. Light travels faster than sound is common knowledge.2. If shes coming or not doesnt matter much.Thatthat虽无词义但引导主语从句位于虽无词义但引导主语从句位于句首时不能省略。句首时不能省略。Whetherif, whether都可表示都可表示“是否是否”, 但但if不能引不能引导位于主句之前的主语从句，它可以引导导位于主句之前的主语从句，它可以引导位于主句之后带有形式主语位于主句之后带有形式主语it的主语从句。的主语从句。3. That the professor said is of great importance.4. Where will the trees be planted has not been decided.Whatthat引导主语从句时无词义。引导主语从句时无词义。What the professor said表示表示“教授所说的教授所说的”。将将will置于置于trees之后。主语从句要之后。主语从句要用陈述句语序。用陈述句语序。5. No matter who breaks the rule will be punished.6. When and where the meeting will be held still remain a question.引导让步状语从句时二者可互换，但引引导让步状语从句时二者可互换，但引导名词性从句时只能用导名词性从句时只能用whoever。Whoever 主语从句表示单一概念时，谓语要用主语从句表示单一概念时，谓语要用单数形式。单数形式。remain7. What were your problems a year ago has now become mine.8. It was requested that everyone made a speech at the meeting.has要改为要改为have。主语从句表示复。主语从句表示复数概念时，谓语要用复数形式。数概念时，谓语要用复数形式。have在在“It is requested / ordered / suggested + that从句从句”中，从句要用虚拟语气，中，从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语用即谓语用“should + 动词原形动词原形”，should可省略。可省略。(should) make1. _ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. (浙江浙江 2008)A. AnyoneB. The oneC. WhoeverD. Who2. _ matters most in learning English is enough practice.(2007 全国全国卷卷) WhatB. WhyA.C. WhereD. Which3. _ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. (上海上海 2002 春春)A. WhatB. That C. ThisD. Which4. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. (NMET 1996)A. IfB. WhetherC. ThatD. Where5. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space. (2004 上海上海) A. where B. what C. that D. how解析解析: what 引导主语从句引导主语从句,在从句中在从句中做做do 的宾语的宾语6. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _ I thought was a dangerous speed. (2004 上海上海) A. as B. which C. what D. that解析解析: I thought 是插入语是插入语,可以把它去掉可以把它去掉不考虑不考虑. what 引导宾语从句引导宾语从句,在从在从句中作主语句中作主语.宾语从句作宾语从句作at的宾语的宾语.7. _ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your email account.（2005 上海）上海） A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires解析解析: “It is required that ”是一个是一个固定句式，固定句式，it作形式主语作形式主语, that引导的从句为真正的主语。引导的从句为真正的主语。 8. _ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet. 高考真题高考真题 A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That答案是答案是C。“2000年奥林匹克运动会年奥林匹克运动会是否在北京举行还不知道。是否在北京举行还不知道。” 9. _ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. 高考真题高考真题 A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter答案是答案是C。“他在会上的发言使到会他在会上的发言使到会的每一个人都感到惊讶的每一个人都感到惊讶” what 表示表示“(所说的话所说的话)” ,相当于相当于The words (that + /which) he said at the meeting10. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the light. 高考真题高考真题 A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who答案是答案是C。“谁最后离开房间应关谁最后离开房间应关灯。灯。”whoever意为意为“无论谁无论谁”, 引导主语引导主语从句从句, 并在从句中作主语。若选并在从句中作主语。若选A或或B, anyone或或the person 后应回后应回who, 使其成为使其成为由由who引导的定语从句引导的定语从句, 修饰修饰anyone 或或person.注：这些词还可引导副词性从句。注：这些词还可引导副词性从句。11. _ he has become a rich man is known to all in our town. 高考真题高考真题 A. Because B. That C. / D. What答案是答案是B。“他变成了富翁他变成了富翁, 这是我们这是我们镇上下班人人皆知的事。镇上下班人人皆知的事。”根据句意根据句意, 须用须用that 引导的主语从句。引导的主语从句。that 在从在从句中不担任任何成分句中不担任任何成分, 只起连接作用。只起连接作用。12. _ I need is more time. A. That B. What C. / D. Which答案是答案是B。“我所需要的是更多的时我所需要的是更多的时间。间。” 根据题意根据题意, 应选应选what 引志的主语引志的主语从句从句, what在职从句中作宾语在职从句中作宾语(what = the thing which).主语从句的关联词不能主语从句的关联词不能省略省略, 故排除故排除C。which 表示表示“哪一个哪一个”, that 无词义无词义, 都与句意不符都与句意不符, 故排除。故排除。I. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出该单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式。正确形式。1. Her school report shows that she is weak in English and _ (生生物物).2. He wanted to be a _ (物物理学家理学家) and devote himself to scientific research.biologyphysicist练习坊练习坊3. Anything that is dropped on the earth falls towards the ground because of the force of g_.4. The country has the worlds best c_ for wild grapes.gravityclimateII. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。1. She sang to the music with her hand waving _ (gentle).2. To his surprise, the car suddenly went out of control and _ (crash).3. Suddenly, most sunlight was _ (block out), so the sky at noon looked as if it were at dusk.gentlycrashedblocked outIII. 用适当的单词填空，使下列主语从用适当的单词填空，使下列主语从句意思完整。句意思完整。1. _ he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.2. _ we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.3. It is a pity _ we wont be able to go to the south to spend our summer holidays.ThatWhether / Wherethat4. _ she is coming or not doesnt matter too much. 5. _ he came from still puzzles all of us.6. It happened _ I saw him yesterday.7. It does not make any difference to me _ you do. WhetherWherethatwhat8. _ was responsible for the accident is not yet clear.9. _ they will have the sports meet is still a question.10. It doesnt matter _ she looks like.WhoWhen/Where/Whetherwhat1. 他在找什么与你无关。他在找什么与你无关。IV. 用主语从句翻译下列句子。用主语从句翻译下列句子。2. 他喜欢这种书，这件事非常有趣。他喜欢这种书，这件事非常有趣。3. 他是否能来仍然是个问题。他是否能来仍然是个问题。What he is looking for is none of your business. That he likes books of this kind is very interesting. It remains a question whether he will be able to come.5. 飞机何时起飞还没有宣布。飞机何时起飞还没有宣布。4.他们哪一个是从监狱里逃跑的，仍他们哪一个是从监狱里逃跑的，仍然是个谜。然是个谜。Which of them escaped from the prison is still a mystery.When the plane is to take off has not been announced. / It has not been announced when the plane is to take off.