Chinese-Literature.ppt

ContentsModern LiteratureGreat Writers of the 20th CenturyClassical (Yuan, Ming, Qing)Yuanqu in the Yuan DynastyYuanqu, including sanqu and zaju, was popular in the Yuan Dynasty.Lyric verse(抒情诗） Lyric verse is a song mainly expressing ones emotions in two categoriesxiaoling(小令） and santao（散套）. Writing ：Autumn Thought 秋思 Author：Ma Zhiyuan Expressed his lonely and bleak feelings.Zaju: Zaju originated from the comic performance in the Song Dynasty and evolved into the drama in the Yuan Dynasty. Representative：Guan Hanqing Bai Pu writing ：The Injustice to Dou E 窦娥冤 Exposed the social injustices of that time.Drama: Drama in the Ming and Qing dynasties flourished. Representative ：Tang Xianzu writing ：Four Dreams of Linchuan 临川四梦 The Peony Pavilion 牡丹亭 Known as “Shakespeare of the East”Fiction in the Ming and Qing DynastiesFour famous Chinese classics of literature Romance of the Three Kingdoms 三国演义三国演义by Luo Guanzhong is recognized as the earliest full-length Chinese novel. One main theme is brotherhood. Expressive technique is realism. Water Margin 水浒传水浒传 by Shi Naian tells the story of the 108 heroes at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty. It is the first novel to deal with the subject of peasant revolts in China. Expressive technique originated from storytelling scripts. Journey to the West 西游记西游记by Wu Chengen is an outstanding romantic work full of fantastic tales. Exposed the darkness and corruption of feudal society ,criticized social realities, and implicitly expressed peoples different forms of resistance. Dream of the Red Mansions 红楼梦红楼梦 by Cao Xueqin reached the pinnacle of Chinese literature. The central thread of the novel is the tragic love story between Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu. Townsfolk literature：Three Volumes of Words and Two Volumes of Slapping三三言二拍言二拍.They are called “worldly novels” Another worldly novel ：Jin Ping Mei 金瓶梅金瓶梅 Lan Ling Xiao Xiao Sheng Satirical novel ：The Scholars 儒林外史儒林外史 written by Wu Jingzi is Chinas first colloquial and satirical novel. It is not only the first book to create a variety of imageries of numerous scholars and intellectuals, but also the first to openly challenge the idea of making academic studies only for the sake of taking official positions. Collection of short stories: Strange Tales from a Scholars Studio.聊斋志异聊斋志异 written by Pu Songling. It demonstrate yearn for breaking away from the feudal ethical codes and for free marriage. Causes of VariationTime RangeModern LiteratureFamous Poets and NovelsEffects to the WorldOpium War of 1840May 4th Movement Hundred Days ReformGong Zizhen : one of the founders modern Chinese literatureA progressive and creative romantic poetHuang Zunxia : his poems reflect peoples thoughts and feelings, the effects of modern capitalist materialism, and the spiritual changes in Chinese societyLiu Yazi; one of the founders of the Southern SocietyPoems imbued with patriotismFamous PoetsThe most renowned : Exposure of the Official World , The Travel Records of Lao Can, Flowers in a MirrorOver 1000 books translated from Western languages, also, the writers have been greatly influenced by European literature.Introductions:In 1919, the May 4th Movement which led China to a new epoch took place.Writers have focused more on people and their life.Various schools of literature are thriving and Chinese literature is accepted as a force in world literature.Hometown: Shaoxing Country, Zhejiang ProvinceName: Zhou Zhangshu, Zhou ShurenHonor: a great thinker, a revolutionary figure in literature with pioneering thoughts, one of the founders of modern literature in ChinaHe created a new form of modern Chinese fiction.Fierce-browed, I coolly defy a thousand pointing fingers. Head-bowed, like a willing ox I serve the children. (横眉冷对千夫指，俯首甘为孺子牛）横眉冷对千夫指，俯首甘为孺子牛）A Madmans Diary(his first story)Call to Arms(first collection of stories)The True Story of Ah Q(his most celebrated story)Hometown: Leshan Country, Sichuan ProvinceHonor: writer, poet, dramatist, history, archaeologist, paleography expert, and a social activist.His first poetry anthologyReflected the characteristics of the May 4th MovementThe GoddessMao Dun（矛盾）-（18961981） Mao Dun was a critic, novelist and short-story writer noted for his commitment to the doctrine of realism. His most famous masterpiece: Short Story Monthly(小说月报)；Midnight(子夜)；Spring Silkworms(春蚕)；and The Shop of Lin Family(林家铺子)。林家铺子剧照Ba Jin（巴金）-（19042005） Ba Jin was born into an officials family in Chengdu City, Sichuan Province. Ba Jins true name is Li Yaotang(李尧棠 ).He was a modern writer, translator and publisher.Ba Jins famous masterpiece His first novel： Destruction(灭亡) His Trilogy of the Turbulent Currents(激流三部曲):Family(家)，Spring(春)，Autumn(秋)。 His Trilogy of love(爱情三部曲)： Fog(雾)，Rain (雨)，Electricity (电)。Lao She(老舍)-（18991966） Lao She was born of Manchu descent into a poor family in Peking. Lao She was a contemporary writer and dramatist. Lao She was a pseudonym. His original name is Shu QingchunLao Shes famous masterpiece The Rickshaw Boy(骆驼祥子) Four Generations Living Together(四世同堂) Teahouse(茶馆) Dragon Beard Ditch(龙须沟)茶馆剧照Cao Yu(曹禺)-（19101996） Cao Yu, originally named Wan Jiabao(万家宝), was born in Hubei Province but was raised in Tianjin City, where his father was an official. His famous masterpiece: Thunderstorm(雷雨) Sunrise(日出)曹禺及其话剧的剧照Shen Congwen(沈从文)-(19021988) Shen Congwen, originally named Shen Yuehuan(沈岳焕), was of the Miao ethic group.He was also a research scholar of historical and cultural relics. Shen Congwens famous masterpiece: Frontier City(边城) Long River(长河) The Autobiography(从文自传)沈从文及其代表作边城Ai Qing(艾青)-（19101996） Ai Qing was regarded as one of the finest modern Chinese poets. Originally named Jiang Zhenghan, he was born in Jinhua County, Zhejiang Province. His poetry is characterised by profundity and artistry.Ai Qings famous masterpiece His famous poems: Dayan River(大堰河)，Facing Towards the Sun(向太阳)，The Spring(春天)，The Colourful Poem(彩色的诗) and The Fields and the City(原野与城市)。 His literary view: On Poetry(诗论)，On New-Style Poems(新诗论)，Collected Works of New Culture(新文艺论集) and Anthology of Ai Qing(艾青全集).First: Remembering the representative works of each literature periodsSecond: Knowing the great writers of the 20th century and their famous works wellThanks!