Unit3Topic1.doc

Unit 3 Topic 1贴在墙上 stick sth on the wall 来看一看come and have a look为做准备 be ready for sth 准备做某事 be ready to do sth迫不及待做某事 cant wait to do sth=cant help doing sth.有时机做某事 have a chance to do sth 练习做某事 practice doing sth能够做某事 be able to do sth 从现在起，开始 from now on设法做某事 try ones best to do sth 对满意be pleased with be satisfied with 和相似 be similar to 与.一样 be the same as 出差 on business把翻译成 translateinto 整理包pack ones bag 进行一次长谈 have a long conversation, have long conversations向求助 ask for help 总的来说，通常 in general =usually (毫不)费力做某事 have (no) trouble/ difficulties (in)doing sth 偶尔 once in a while作为母语 as mother tongue /first language 第二语言 second language外语 foreign language 官方语言 the official language把。分成 divide into 的总数/ 数量the number of 许多 a number of 被广泛使用 be widely used 和某人交流 communicate with sb这是事实 Its true that+ 处于领先地位 take the leading position鼓励某人做某事 encourage sb to do sth 中国制造 made in China把看作，把认为regard as. 也as well as 即使even though 受。欢送be popular with 在。做得好do well in 一般现在时的被动语态英语语态有主动语态和被动语态两种。主语是动作的执行者，叫主动语态。如：We clean the classroom.我们清扫教室。主语是动作的承受者，叫被动语态。如：The classroom is cleaned (by us).教室被我们清扫。1 被动语态的构成：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词+by+宾语其中by意为“被；由，表动作的执行者。如：The glass is broken by that boy.玻璃杯是那个男孩打破的。be有人称、数和时态的变化，其肯定式、否认式、疑问式的变化规那么与be作为连系动词时完全一样。如：English is widely spoken around the world. 肯定式English is not widely spoken around the world. 否认式Is English widely spoken around the world? 疑问式 Yes, it is./No, it isnt.2 被动语态的用法：1在没有指明动作的执行者或者不知道动作执行者的情况下，可用被动语态。如：This coat is made of cotton.这件大衣是棉制的。2要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时，用被动语态。如：Her bike is stolen.她的自行车被偷了。3 主、被动语态的转换：主动语态：主语+及物动词谓语动词+宾语+其它被动语态：主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+by+宾语+其它注意：1主动、被动互转时，时态不变。2主动句的主语是代词的主格形式，变成被动态by的宾语时，要用宾格形式。如：(1) People grow rice in the south. Rice is grown (by people) in the south.(2) She takes care of the baby. The baby is taken care of (by her).交际用语：谈论英语的广泛使用ll have a good chance to practice speaking English there.-Youre right. 2.-But Im not good at English. Im a little afraid.-Dont worry.3.-Is Spanish similar to English?-Not really.Unit 3 Topic 2我听不懂你的话I cant follow you. 做得好 Good on ya, mate =Well done 我明天要飞往迪斯尼乐园 Im flying to Disneyland tomorrow.祝你旅行愉快 Have a good trip! 玩得开心 Enjoy yourself!一直，总是 all the time 取决于，视而定，依靠depend on (doing sth)与不同 be different from 与相同 be the same as和不同之处 differences between and 成功做某事 succeed in doing sth.使别人理解你 make sb. understood (使动用法 make sb. done ) 去飞机场的路上 on the way to the airport 送别 see sb off伸出 put out 怎么了？Whats up? 想搭车 ask for a ride 搭乘，捡起pick up 我不明白 Im puzzled. 我只是开玩笑 Im just kidding.至于某人/某物 as for sb/sth一般来说,大体上 generally speaking =in general =generally起居室 a sitting room =a living room 填表格 fill in a form =fill out a form 乘地铁 take the subway= take the underground written/oral English 书面/口头英语众所周知 as we know 发生 come about 强调原因=happen 强调偶然性被迫做某事 be forced to do sth 在开始时 in the beginning 渐渐地 little by little 总之 in short 采纳take in 你好吗？ How are you doing?写信给某人 write to sb. 写回信给某人 write back to sb.更糟糕的是 even worse 向某人致以最美好的祝愿 Best wishes to sb. 用现在进行时表示将来现在进行时表示将来时，常有“意图、“安排但不是固定不变的或“打算含义。它表示最近或较近的将来，所用的动词多是位移动词。如：come, go, arrive, leave, fly, start, begin, return, open, die例：Im going.我要走了。When are you starting?你什么时候动身？Dont worry. The train is arriving here soon.别着急，火车马上就到了。表示将来的现在进行时除了用于位移动词外，亦可用于某些非位移动词。如：My uncle is meeting us tomorrow.我叔叔明天会见我们。She is buying a new bike soon.她不久将买一辆新自行车。 交际用语：谈论不同国家英语的不同点并了解交际中的身体语言1.I cant follow you. Can you speak more slowly, please?2.Oh, it sounds interesting.3.If you want to succeed in making yourself understood, you need to know some of these differencess up? -The foreigner is asking for a ride.5.Generally speaking, American English is different from British English in pronunciation and spelling.Unit 3 Topic 3使别人理解你 make yourself understood 陷入困境 ， 很为难 get into trouble和某人会谈 have conversations with sb 在努力，致力于 work hard at.同意某人的看法 agree with sb. 英语口语 oral/spoken English 公开地 公然地 在公共场合 in public 犯困 feel sleepy担忧期末考试 be afraid of the final test 有时 at times = sometimes = once in a while向某人求助 ask sb for help = turn to sb for help想要做某事 feel like doing sth=want to do sth.=would like to do sth.放弃 give up 写日记 keep a diary 请再说一遍 I beg your pardon.给某人一些关于.建议 give sb some advice建议某人做某事 advise sb to do sth在方面很差/弱 be weak in 担忧犯错 be afraid of making mistakes理解课文大意 get the main idea of the article深呼吸 take a deep breath 正确发音 get the pronunciation right 做听力训练 do some listening practice做最正确时间 the best time to do sth. 开班会 hold a class meeting和某人分享share sth. with sb. 谢谢你的倾听 Thank you foryourlistening. 做某事感到荣幸 Its an honor to do sth. 尽可能经常 as often as possible 就这些 Thats all. 记住去做某事 remember to do sth. 记住做过某事 remember doing sth.坚持做某事 stick to doing sth / keep on doing sth.起初 at first 嘲笑某人 laugh at sb. 造完整的句子 make (complete) sentences 为了做某事 in order to do sth./so that +句子 逐渐意识到come to realize最后，但同样重要的 Last but not leastwh- +to dowh-是指when, where, which, who(m)及how等连接词，它们和动词不定式连用，即为wh- +to do结构。这种结构在句中常作主语、表语和宾语，作宾语时可以转换为宾语从句。(对于谓语动词来说，wh- +to do这个不定式动词的动作是个尚未发生的动作，所以在转换成宾语从句时，通常须加情态动词或用将来时表示未来。)如：I dont know what to do.=I dont know what I should do. She cant decide which to buy.=she cant decide which she will buy.反之，如果主句中的主语与宾语从句中的主语一致时，宾语从句由疑问词引导通常可以与“疑问词+不定式互相转换。如：I dont know what I should do.=I dont know what to do.如果不一致就不能转换。I want to know what Mary will do.(不能说:I want to know what to do.)交际用语：谈论如何学习英语, but Id better not.I know its very important to learn English well. But its difficult for me.-Me, too.3.Have you ever had any difficulties in studying English?, could you give us some advice on how to learn English well?-Youd better follow the tape and do some listening practice.I think the best time to remember new words is in the morning. Unit 4 Topic 1环绕travle around 实现梦想 achieve ones dream发射send up踏上set foot on 在做某事方面取得进步 make progress in doing sth.为感到自豪 be proud of (doing)sth 劝某人做某事advise sb. to do sth.期望某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth. 毋庸质疑 there is no doubt that在科技和商业领域 in technology and business 出现，产生 come into being 在的帮助下 with the help of/ with ones help 多亏，由于 Thanks to.做生意do business 玩游戏 play games 看电影 watch movies购物 do shopping 在线聊天 chat on line 例如 such as /for example /for instance头痛 get headaches 眼睛发炎 get sore eyes 正确使用 use sth. properly发送,接收邮件 send and receive an mail 按照下面的指示做 follow these directions翻开turn on 把和.连接connet to / with 连上英特网connect to the Internet点击 click on 输入type in 在屏幕上on the screen一组信息的目录 a list of messages 做完某事 finish doing sth 宾语补足语: 宾语补足语用来补充说明宾语，与宾语一起构成复合宾语。可作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、副词、介词和动词不定式等。一、名词、形容词、副词、介词短语作宾语补足语。如：1.We call him Jim.名词 我们叫他吉姆。2.We must keep our school clean every day.形容词 我们必须每天保持校园清洁。3.Call him in, please.副词 请叫他进来。4.Leave it on the desk.介词短语 把它留在课桌上。二、动词不定式作宾语补足语可分为三种情况：1.跟带to的不定式作宾语补足语。常见的这类动词有：ask, tell, get, teach, want, invite, like, allow, wish, encourage等。如：Tell Jane to sing us a song.叫简给我们唱支歌。2.跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。常见的这类动词有“一感feel、二听listen to, hear,三让make, let, have,四看look at, see, watch, notice如：Lets have a rest.让我们休息一会儿。但这种结构变成被动语态时，to必须加上。如：He was seen to leave the room with a book in his hand.有人见他手拿着一本书离开这个房间。3.跟带to或不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。 这类动词只有help。如：Can you help me (to) wash my clothes ?你能帮我洗衣服吗？三、分词作宾语补足语可分为两种情况。分词作宾语补足语，经常表示正在发生的动作。可跟这类补足语的动词有：see, watch, hear等。如：I hear somebody singing in the next room.我听见有人在隔壁唱歌。2.过去介词作宾语补足语，经常表示被动。如：You need to have your hair cut.你需要理发了。Unit 4 Topic 2 When was it developed?被允许做某事be allowed to do sth 对有害 be bad for 把给某人看 show sth.to sb. 由制成be made of / from / in 被用来做.be used for doing sth. 由开发/ 创造/研制 be developed by / be invented by 这个用英语怎么说 Whats the English for this ? Whats this in English? 在日常生活里in ones daily life 在某人一生期间 during ones life据说/据报道 Its said /reported that + 克隆羊 the cloned sheep到目前为止,至今为止so far 人类 human beings: 生物 living things: 和相似 be similar to 和一样the same as: 确切知道 know for certain成为我们生活中的一局部 be part of our lives 对感到惊异 be surprised at sth独立思考 think for themselves 警告某人某事warn sb of/about sth /that 不再 no longer=notany longer 把看着/视为 treast.as为做巨大奉献make a great contribution to (doing) sth 在医学领域in the medical field对有(不良)影响 have some( bad) effects on 发现 find out发挥很好的作用 work well in 只要 as long as在其余时间里 during the rest of the time迷路lost ones way=get lost = be lost 在森林中迷路 lost ones way in a forest逃跑run away 使某人惊讶的是 to ones surprise 一般过去时的被动语态谓语局部的根本形式是be的过去式was/were+及物动词的过去分词。如： When was it made? 它是什么时候制造的？It was made in 1980.它是1980年制造的。When was the digital camera invented?数码像机是什么时候创造的？It was invented in 1975.它是1975年创造的。Unit 4 Topic 3太好了 /太令人兴奋Sounds great!/ That sounds exciting.乘宇宙飞船 by spaceship 多么有趣What fun!我恐怕不会。我希望如此不Im afraid not./ Im afraid so./ I hope so./ I hope not.为了学习人类文化 in order to learn about humans culture亲眼所见 科学研究 scientific research 参加有关火星的太空飞行 take part in the space flight to Mars发现新东西 discover something new 喜欢胜过 preferto 长大 grow up 掌握一些根本技能 master some basic skills在未来 in the future 以。为根底base on 绕地球go around the earth相隔 at a distance of 在外表上 on the surface相当于的五分之二的强度 two-fifths as strong as离近 be close to 进展顺利 /不顺 go well / wrong 登上火星 land on Mars 在旅途期间 during the journey 更糟糕的是 whats worse 水供应water supplies 限制用水 limit the use of water值100元钱 be worth 100 yuan 值得做某事be worth doing sth在太阳系之外 beyond the solar system情态动词的被动语态:是由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词构成。如：Aliens can not be seen on the earth.在地球上不可能见到外星人。Other planets may be visited soon in the future.将来其他的星球也会有人登陆。Scientific research should be done carefully.应该认真地进行科学研究。These trees must be watered in time.这些树应该及时浇水。