2022年as与which引导的定语从句及定语从句关系代词和关系副词的区别教案.docx

名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -学习必备 欢迎下载as 与 which 引导的定语从句及 定语从句关系代词和关系副词的区分适用学科英语适用年级高三适用区域适用版本区域课时时长（分钟）60 分钟学问点1.as 与 which引导的定语从句教学目标2.只能用 which引导的定语从句3.定语从句与状语从句的区分4.定语从句的强调句型学问： 1 、把握定语从句中非限制性定语从句的使用；2 、能精确使用关系词解答定语从句的相关问题；方法： 要总结、熟记一些关系词在定语从句中的使用；要学会在实际中灵活运用；才能： 1、能正确运用关系代词和关系副词在各类定语从句中；2 、把握并会分析句子成分,从而娴熟解题；教学重点 1.连续探讨关系词在非限制性定语从句中的应用2.通过对相像句型的比较及句子成分的分析,在一些特别情形下,关系代词和关系副词如何进行挑选教学难点 as 引导的非限制性定语从句；定语从句中需要留意的特例；教学过程 一、 复习预习 1.关系代词的种类：关系代词 : that, which, who, whose, 关系副词 : when, where, why 2. He talked about the schoosl and the teachers _he had visited . 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -A. that B. which 学习必备欢迎下载D. whom C.who 3. He talked about the schoosl and the teachers _he had visited . A. that B. which C.who D. whom 4.Thelost their way in the forest ,_made matters worse . A. that B. which C.where D. when 5. This is the house where he has lived for 20 years . 6. This is the house that he has lived in for 20 years . 二、学问讲解学问点 1：非限制性定语从句1. 关系代词在非限定性定语从句中的用法；指人做主语用 who, 作宾语用 whom ,指地点用 where ,指时间 when,指物只用which ,不能用 that ,作定语用 whose；e.g. He didnt see the film, which was very interesting . 不用 that 2. as 引导的非限制性定语从句as 可以像 which 一样引导非限制性定语从句,用来代表整个句子的内容,它的先行词可以是名词,也可以是不定式短语或整个句子；as 在从句中作主语、宾语和表语；此外,有些as 引导的定 语从句已成为固定用法,如：As we know As has been said before 如上所述As is known to all As is often the case 像通常那样As is reported As was expected 正如预料的那样Eg： She is very careful, as her work shows. As we know, smoking is harmful to ones health.As is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. 3.重点比较as 和 which 引导的非限制性定语从句的联系和区分as 和 which 可以和互as 和 which 都可以代替整个句子,当定语从句置于主句之后时,换；Eg：He didnt tell me any news, as/which upset me.Which 引导的从句,代表的前面的整个主句时,不能放在主句之前；而 as 引导的定语从句,代表整个主句时,可以放在主句之前或之后,有时也可以放在主语和谓语之间；Eg：As is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress. = Talks between the two countries, as is reported in the newspapers, are making progress. 4. as 与 that 的区分As 引导的定语从句表示它的内容与主句所讲的内容相像,即指同类事物；that 引导定语从句表示的内容与主句相同,即为同一事物；e.g. This is the same pen that I lost yesterday . 这正是我昨天丢的钢笔；This is the same pen as I lost yesterday .这正像我昨天丢的钢笔；5. such .as 和 the same as 的用法 第 2 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - such .as： 像 .一样的,像 .之类；the same as： 和 .同样的在这两个句型中, as是关系代词, such 和 same 作定语,修饰主语里的某个名词（或代词） ,这个名词是由as 引导的定语从句的先行词,as在从句中可担任主语、宾语或表语；细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -学习必备欢迎下载在从句中作主语 Eg： We have found such materials as are used in their factory. I seldom give my students such a difficult problem as they cannot work out.（在从句中作宾语）The result is not the same as they had expected. 在从句中作宾语 6.the same as和 the same that 的用法区分the same as : 和 .相同（代指同类事物）；the same that ：和 .相同（代指同一事物）两者都引导定语从句； as 从句中说明的名词与the same 修饰的名词是同一类, 而非同一个；that 从句中说明的名词与 the same 修饰的名词是同一个；Eg：He is reading the same book that you bought yesterday. He is reading the same book as you bought yesterday. This is the same pen that I lost. =This is the pen that I lost. 指同一支笔 This is the same kind/type/sort of pen as I lost. 那一支）学问点 2：同位语从句与定语从句区分（指同类型的笔,但并不是我丢失的同位语从句和定语从句结构相像,通常位于某一名词或代词之后,但两者存在明显区分：同为语从句： 其对名词性成分加以补充说明,是该名词性成分详细内容的表达（相当于名词的作用）；that 引导的同位语从句中引导词that 不在该同位语从句中充当成分,但不能被省略,同位语从句仍可以用 whether,how 等连词引导（定语从句就不能）；定语从句 : 对先行词加以限制或修饰,说明先行词的性质或特点（相当于一个形容词的作用）,定语从句的引导词均在该定语从句中充当成分（that 在其引导的限定性定语从句中充当主语,宾语或表语,充当定语从句的宾语,that 可以省略）留意体会一下三组例句 . （1）第一组1We can t solve the problem how we can travel faster than light .我们解决不了如何才能超过光的速度这个问题；2I cant remember the problem that they have. 我记不得他们的问题了；2其次组1） I won t believe the fact that he lied to his mother. 我不愿信任他对他母亲撒谎的事实2 I won t believe the fact that he told me . 我不愿信任他告知我的事实；（3）第三组1 The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him. 汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的；2The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year. 他告知我的消息是汤姆来年 将出国；学问点 3：定语从句中的主谓一样问题1. I, who am your friend, will help you. 2. The student who is playing basketball is my classmate. The only one 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -The one 学习必备欢迎下载of + c/n pl. 定从+ 单三One of + c/n pl. 定从 + 复数1.He is the only one of the students who works hard. 2.He is one of the students who work hard. 学问点 4：插入语问题1. I think you should ring Tom, who I m afraid will not come.2. He bought a coat, which I think is very expensive. 学问点 5：分隔式定语从句 - 找准先行词Days are gone when we could swim in the clever river near our house. There is a man outside the door who wants to see you. 学问点 6：关系代词与人称代词 <he, him, them> 指示代词 < this, that, 的转换 >He has three sons, all of whom are doctors. He has three sons ,and all of them are doctors. He failed in the exam, which made his mother angry. He failed in the exam, and that/ it made his mother angry. 有并列连词 and, but, so 选人称代词,无并列连词选关系代词学问点 7：先行词 + 关系词 =what He is no longer what he used to be. He is no longer the man that he used to be学问点 8：定语从句与地点状语从句Please put the book where you can find it easily 地点状语从句Please put the book in the place where you can find it easily. in which 学问点 9： 定语从句与强调句It is + 名词 that （which ）定从It is + 介词 +名词 that 从句 （强调句）e.g. that he was born in 定语从句It is the place which . in which Where he was born It is in the place that he was born. 强调句学问点 10 ：当先行词是 way ,表示方式方法时, 引导词可用 in which,that ,that 可省略；This is the way in which that I study English. 第 4 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - I don t like the way that/ in which / 空格you treat her. I don t like the way which/ that/ 空格you told me . 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -学习必备 欢迎下载考点 / 易错点 1 定从与 what 引导的名词性从句的转换Please tell me everything that/ 空格 you know. Please tell me what you know . 宾从 Please tell me what has happened . 考点 / 易错点 2 定语从句与强调句It is + 名词 that （which ）定从 It is + 介词 +名词 that 从句 （强调句）e.g. that he was born in 定语从句It is the place which . in which Where he was born It is in the place that he was born. 强调句考点 / 易错点 3 抽象地点名词Stage, occasion, point, case, activity这类词做先行词假如缺状语where t follow them. e.g. I can think of many cases where drivers know traffic rules but donWe have reached a point where a change is needed. They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other. Life is like a long race _ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. A which B that C / D where .三、例题精析【例题 1】【题干】 Alice received an invitation from her boss, _came as a surprise. A. itB. thatC. whichD. he 【答案】 C【解析】 此为非限定性从句,不能用 that 修饰,而用 which. ,it 和 he 都使后句成为句子,两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接；况且选 he 句意不通；【例题 2】【题干】 I have bought two ballpens, _ writes well. A. none of them B. neither of them C. neither of which D. none of which 【答案】 C【解析】由于是 two ballpens, 并且定语从句的谓语writes 是单数概念；因此,C 是正确选项；考查定语从句；依据后面的时间短语 when,相当于 at which time. at that moment可知 occasion指时间,故要使用关系副词细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -学习必备 欢迎下载【例题 3】【题干】 _ is often the case with elder people, my grandma, talked about my new hairstyle for at least 50 minutes nonstop. A. That B. Which C. As D. It 【答案】 C 【解析】 解析： as 引导的非限制性定语从句四、课堂运用【基础】1. Smoking, _ is a bad habit, is, however, popular. A. that B. which C. it . D. though 答案和解析B. which is a bad habit 非限制性定语从句2. You can depend on whatever promise _ he makes. A. / B. why C. when D. whose 答案和解析 A. he makes 是定语从句 , 从句前省略了关系代词 that. 3.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _ was very kind of them. A. who B. which C. that D. it . 答案和解析B. 非限制性定语从句常用which 引导 ,which 表示前句话的整个含义4.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of _sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 在从句中作状语答案和解析C. in front of which 即 in front of a farmhouse. In front of which5.He is good at English, _we all know. A. that B. as C. whom D. what 这时 as所指代的不是主答案和解析B. as 作关系代词可以单独用来引导非限制性定语从句；句中某个名词,而往往指代整个主句的含义；as 在从句中可以作主语、宾语；从句可放在主句后,也可置于主句前；在本句中 ,as作宾语 . 【巩固】6.I want to use the same tools _used in your factory a few days ago. A. as was B. which was C. as were D. which 答案和解析 C. as 引导定语从句时通常构成 such as 或 the same as 固定搭配,其中 such和 same 修饰其后的名词,as为关系代词,指代其前的名词引导定语从句；as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语；此题中 as作从句的主语 . 7.This is one of the best films _. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 答案和解析 A. 本句话的先行词应当是 films, 因此,关系代词 that 是负数概念,其谓语动词应用复述的被动语态 have been shown；假如句中的 one 前面使用了定冠词 the,就 the one应当视为先行词；8.Can you lend me the book _the other day. A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 答案和解析 A. “谈到某事物 ” 应说 talk about sth.；about 是介词, 其后要用 which 作宾语, 不能用 that；细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 6 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -学习必备 欢迎下载9.He isn't such a man _he used to be. A. who B. whom C. that D. as 答案和解析D. such as 是固定用法 ,as 引导定语从句时,可以作主语 ,宾语或表语 .在本题中 ,as作表语 . 10.I don't like _ as you read. A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels 答案和解析 C. as 引导定语从句时通常构成 such as或 the same as固定搭配, 其中 such 和same 修饰其后的名词,as为关系代词, 指代其前的名词引导定语从句；as 在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语；Such 修饰单数名词时 ,要用 such a .,此题中 such books, such 直接修饰复数名词 . 【拔高】11.He is not such a man _ would leave his work half done. A. that B. which C. who D. as 答案和解析 C. as 引导定语从句时通常构成 such as或 the same as固定搭配, 其中 such 和same 修饰其后的名词,as 为关系代词,指代其前的名词引导定语从句；as 在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语；此题中 as 作从句的主语 . 12.That is not the way _I do it. A./ B.which C.for which D.with which 答案和解析 D. 在 way、distance、direction 等词后的定语从句中,常用 that 来代替 “ in 或其他介词 +which ”、when 或 where,而 that 常可省略；13.This is the hotel _last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 答案和解析 D. where 是关系副词,表示地点,在定语从句中作地点状语；14.I want to use the same dictionary _was used yesterday. A. which B. who C . what D. as 答案和解析 D. the same .as 是固定用法 , as引导定语从句时 ,可以作主语 ,宾语或表语 .在本句话中 ,as作从句的主语 . 15.You're the only person _I've ever met _could do it. A. who;/ B./; whom C. whom;/ D./; who 答案和解析 D. 先行词 person 后有两个定语从句 ,第一个从句省略了关系代词 whom.由于 , whom 作从句中 met 的宾语 ,可以省略 .其次个从句 who could do it.who 在从句中作主语 ,不行省略 . 五、课堂运用本节课学了 as 与 which 引导的定语从句,只能用 which 引导的定语从句,定语从句与状语从句的区分以及定语从句的强调句型,提高同学的解题技能,期望在今后的做题过程中能够坚固把握细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 7 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - -