江苏省镇江市届高三第一次模拟考试英语试卷(有答案).doc

Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date江苏省镇江市2018届高三第一次模拟考试英语试卷(有答案)高考信息中心镇江市2018届期末测试 高三英语试卷注意：本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。两部分答案都做在答题纸上。总分为120分。考试时间120分钟。第I卷（选择题 共85分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Who might Jenny be? A. The mans secretary.B. The womans nurse.C. The womans granddaughter.2. What type of music are the speakers probably listening to? A. Hard rock music.B. Loud dance music.C. Classical piano music.3. Where are the speakers? A. In the United States.B. In Germany.C. In Spain.4. What does the woman want to do first? A. Get some money. B. Mail a letter. C. Go home.5. How is the woman learning about computers? A. From a textbook.B. By using a computer.C. By listening to lectures.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6至7题。6. Why cant the woman read? A. She caught a cold.B. The man is making noises.C. She is tired from waking up early.7. Who locked the man out? A. A cat.B. The woman.C. The mans pet dog.听下面一段对话，回答第8至9题。8. What does the boy refuse to have at first? A. The fruit.B. Some milk.C. The sandwich.9. How does the woman get the boy to eat? A. By tricking him.B. By giving him candy.C. By letting him watch TV.听下面一段对话，回答第10至12题。10. Where did the man last work? A. At Donut Delight.B. At Als Garage.C. At Hill and Dale.11. What does the womans company deal with? A. Salespeople training.B. Furniture.C. Food.12. What type of meeting are the speakers having? A. A job interview.B. A sales meeting.C. A training session.听下面一段对话，回答第13至16题。13. Where are the speakers? A. Inside the new mall.B. In a parking lot.C. On the street.14. What can we learn about the womans car? A. Its silver.B. It has two doors.C. It has broken down.15. Who helped the woman find her phone book? A. James.B. Bianca.C. Her son.16. What will the man probably do next? A. Continue walking to town.B. Fix the womans window.C. Continue his drive to town.听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。17. How much natural scenery can be found in Berlin? A. Around half of the total area.B. About one third of the total area.C. About one fifth of the total area.18. What can we learn about transportation in Berlin? A. There arent many choices.B. Many people use bicycles to get around.C. Cars are popular but trains are preferred.19. What makes Berlin a desirable location for international film productions? A. The natural scenery.B. The historic spots.C. Its urban setting.20. What has developed in the last decade in Berlin? A. Film festivals.B. Orchestras and universities.C. A music, dance, and art scene.第二部分：英语知识运用 (共两节，满分35分)第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 21. There is only one way to happiness and that is to _ worrying about things which are beyond the power of our will.A. cease B. recall C. acknowledge D. guarantee22. Between 2014 and 2017, courts nationwide _ 1,529 cases in which defendants were accused of using the Internet to interfere with a persons privacy. A. have heardB. had heardC. have been hearingD. heard23. Towering over the surrounding buildings _ the Suning skyscraper, which reaches nearly 400 meters in height, making it a new landmark of Zhenjiang.A. are B. has C. is D. have24. The recently-released movie Youth _ the memories, good and bad, of those who were born around the 60s of the last century.A. calls up B. steps up C. keeps up D. makes up25. Volunteers and charities, as well as many churches, arrange meals for the homeless and those who _ otherwise be alone on Christmas Day.A. canB. shouldC. wouldD. may26. Since livestreaming platforms are _ much of our economys value is created, anything that improves them matters a lot for the new economys overall health. A. whenB. whereC. whatD. that27. This is the third time he _ for his voluntary work for the Red Cross.No wonder he is so excited!A. has praised B. had been praised C. has been praised D. had praised28. What to wear in winter? The look of queens and princesses around the world may give you some _, which are elegant and also attainable.A. interpretationsB. inspirationsC. innovationsD. invitations29. A report finds millions of children still are missing out on the benefits offered by the Internet and calls on these inequalities _.A. to be addressed B. addressing C. being addressed D. to address30. Science involves imagination and creative thinking so as to establish scientific theories. _, Einstein is one of the most outstanding scientists.A. In this caseB. By this meansC. With this methodD. In this regard31. We see Jesus in the children of unemployed parents, _ struggle to offer their children a secure and peaceful future. A. whoseB. whomC. thatD. who32. Man cannot discover new oceans _ he has the courage to lose sight of the shore.A. if B. unless C. when D. since33. Shes failed her test again._! Lets go and give her a hand.A. What a relief B. She deserves it C. What a shame D. She said it34. To be _, they have to think about the future and deal with the problems involving waste water. A. sustainableB. authentic C. critical D. innocent 35. If he does you a favor, you should do him a favor. Sure. _.A. Two heads are better than oneB. Short accounts make long friends.C. Many hands make light workD. One good turn deserves another.第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。A Letter from EarthDear Homo Sapiens,As you mark off another “Earth Day” in your calendars, 36 that for at least 24 hours I remained in your thoughts, I wanted to remind you that I am sick. Im frightened that 37 I cant soon receive the appropriate medicine and care I need, my illness will become terminal 38 all cures.So, I am asking for your help! Geologists (地质学家) 39 that I have been in 40 for 4.5 billion years. Current estimates show that I have given a home to approximately 8.7 million different 41 . Currently over 7.4 billion of my inhabitants (居民) are one species 42 , you, or Homo Sapiens to be more precise. In millennia gone by, we lived in 43 with one another. Your ancestors would take only what they needed from me and in return nurture and protect my fragile environment.Like a proud parent, I have watched in wonder as you 44 in abilities and intellect. You have travelled to outer space, developed medical cures for the most troublesome illnesses, built great cities and 45 technologyBut at what cost?Did I do something to 46 you? Was there a point in our mutual (相互的) history where you 47 that we were no longer equals? Am I only now a commodity to you? Why would you pollute my rivers and oceans? Why would you 48 poisonous smokes into our environment, causing me to 49 ? Surely you would not do this intentionally; it would make no 50 .I dont wish to believe that you have become increasingly 51 . I would like to think that you have 52 lost your way, 53 other species have before you. I have faith that like a 54 teenager, you just need the opportunity to return home and visit for a while. Many of you have begun to recycle the waste you consume and look at 55 methods of renewable energy.If you are not one of these people yet, then I would encourage you to be mindful of me. Your friend, alwaysEarth36. A. worriedB. contentC. shockedD. anxious37. A. whenB. thoughC. ifD. unless38. A. withinB. againstC. underD. beyond39. A. countB. warnC. decideD. estimate40. A. existenceB. placeC. conditionD. danger41. A. organizationsB. friends C. species D. pioneers42. A. in particular B. by accident C. in controlD. at present43. A. agreementB. harmonyC. comparison D. line44. A. evolved B. believedC. decreasedD. withdrew45. A. understoodB. analyzedC. abandoned D. mastered46. A. displeaseB. satisfy C. exploreD. improve47. A. promisedB. decidedC. complainedD. remembered48. A. reasonB. deliverC. pump D. persuade49. A. break upB. heat upC. come up D. wrap up50. A. differenceB. profitC. senseD. progress51. A. greedy B. disappointedC. respectableD. envious52. A. permanentlyB. logicallyC. temporarily D. surprisingly53. A. because B. asC. but D. for54. A. confidentB. troublesomeC. mistakenD. shy55. A. changeableB. valid C. productiveD. alternative第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。ACanada Apprentice (学徒) Loan Basics The Canada Apprentice Loan is available to help registered Red Seal apprentices cover the cost of their training. What you need to knowThe Government of Canada offers apprentices registered in a Red Seal Trade apprenticeship program up to $4,000 per period of technical training.You can get Canada Apprentice Loans for up to 5 periods of technical training.Your loan will be interest-free for up to 6 years as long as you are confirmed as being registered in a Red Seal Trade apprenticeship program.You do not have to make any loan payments as long as your loan is in interest-free status.EligibilityTo be eligible, you must meet all of these criteria:be a Canadian Citizen, Permanent Resident, or Protected Person;be registered in a Red Seal Trade apprenticeship program that is designated by the province or territory where you are registered as an apprentice;be enrolled in block release technical training or the equivalent full-time technical training with an approved technical training provider; andpass a credit check (required if you are applying for the first time).You are not eligible if you:are a high school student;are an apprentice registered in the province of Quebec;are receiving a Canada Student Loan for the same technical training;have been told that you are restricted from receiving a Canada Apprentice Loan or a Canada Student Loan;have already received funding for 5 periods of technical training; or have already received 6 years of interest-free status.56. Who will fail to get Canada Apprentice Loans according to the passage?A. An apprentice who used to study in the province of Quebec.B. An apprentice who got the Canadian Citizenship three years ago.C. An apprentice who has been funded for technical training three times.D. An apprentice who is looking for an approved technical training provider.57. The purpose of the advertisement is intended to _.A. promote the business of Canadian banksB. help students in need complete their studiesC. recruit more apprentices for Canadian companiesD. provide apprentices with fund to receive technical trainingB In sports, sometimes a player has to take one for the team. The same appears to be true in the plant world, where reduced individual growth can benefit the broader community. The findings from the University of Michigans Paul Glaum and André Kessler of Cornell University help explain the persistence (持续存在) of some plant communities when theory predicts they should go extinct(绝种的). “We looked at how chemical defense cues (信号) from plants, meant to prevent herbivores (食草动物), can also prevent pollinators,” said Glaum, a doctoral student in the U-M Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology. “The surprising model result is that while this can lead to fitness losses for individuals, the population effects can be positive for pollinators and plants under some circumstances.”Many plants, including the wild tomato species used in this study, produce chemical compounds to repel (排斥) insect pests and other hungry herbivores. But those same chemical defenses can reduce the number of visits to the plant by pollinators such as bees, resulting in less pollination of individual plants and decreased growth.“Biologists have puzzled over how such a costly defense mechanism (机制) can be maintained in these plant populations,” Glaum said. “How would a plant population with such a strategy persist?” Glaum and Kessler developed a computer model showing that decreased growth of individual plants can benefit overall populations and community resilience (恢复力) by indirectly controlling herbivore population growth. The results introduce mechanisms of persistence into communities previously found to be prone (易于遭受的) to extinction in theoretical models.Tomatoes and other plants produce repellent chemicals called volatile (易挥发的) organic compounds in response to herbivore attacks. The presence of these so-called herbivore-induced volatile organic compounds can make the plant less attractive to pollinators, which can reduce pollen deposition (沉淀物) and negatively affect individual plants, an effect known as herbivore-induced pollinator limitation.Previous modeling studies have looked at the direct effects of herbivory on a three-species community: flowering plant, pollinator and herbivore. Some of those studies predicted extinctions because growing herbivore populations would reduce the number of plants, limiting resources available to pollinators. In response, the pollinator population would decline, lowering plant reproduction. 58. According to the passage, the persistence of some plant communities may depend on _. A. chemical defenses of plantsB. increased individual growthC. reduced chemical compounds D. defense mechanisms of pollinators59. The underlined word pollinator in Paragraph 2 probably refers to _.A. a kind of insects that help plants reproduce B. a kind of animals that eat plantsC. a process of forming a plant community D. a chemical that does harm to plants60. Volatile organic compounds are _.A. less attractive to pollinatorsB. able to have negative effects on individual plantsC. known as herbivore-induced pollinator limitationD. chemicals produced by plants to attract herbivo