特殊句式(倒装句).ppt

特 殊 句 式,倒装 强调,倒 装 inversion,定义 英语句子的自然语序是“主语+谓语”。如果将谓语的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语序被称为“倒装”。,倒 装,倒装原因 一、 语法结构的需要（如某些疑问句）； 二、为了强调； 三、保持句子的平衡或是上下文紧密衔接。,分类 分为全部倒装和部分倒装： 谓语全部放在主语之前，为全部倒装； 例如：Here is your letter. 只把助动词、连系动词或情态动词放在主语之前，为部分倒装。 例如：Only in this way can you solve the problem.,全 部 倒 装 （谓语全部放在主语之前） 此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时,1.当Here，there，now，then,thus等副词位于句首，谓语动词常采用go,come,run,lie,stand,be动词等表示来去或者状态的词。 1) Here is your letter. 2)Then came a boy.,2.当up,down,in,out,away,off等表示方向的词或者地点状语位于句首，谓语动词常用表示运动的词，如 run,rush,fly等 1）A dog ran out from the house.(如何转化为强调句？) 2)The boy jumped up .(如何转化为强调句),3.表示地点状语的介词短语至于句首要引起全部倒装，如 in the room/on thetable/in the air. 例如：Under the bed lies a cat.,4.there “be”句型 这个结构中的be动词可用类似于“存在”概念的其他不及物动词，像live,appear,lie,float等。 例如： There lived an old lady a month ago.,5.现在分词/过去分词/形容词作表语时，为了强调该表语时，将该表语置于句首，要引起全部倒装。 例： The days are gone when we got nothing to eat. 转化为倒装句：？,6.直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，有时用倒装。 （全部倒装） “Whats up, Tom?” asked Mother. “The car is mine,” said Tom.,以上全部倒装的所有形式中，主语必须是名词，如果是代词，如he,she,it,I等，则不需要倒装。 如：Here you are. Exercise： Look,there _！ Oh,there _. A comes a car,comes it B comes a car,it comes C a car comes,it comes D a car comes,comes it,注意,部分倒装 （将谓语的一部分置于主语之前，如助动词、连系动词或情态动词，引起部分倒装）,1.含有否定或半否定意义的副词或连词置于句首，如hardly, rarely, seldom, scarcely, barely, never, not, few, little, neither, nor, in no case, by no means 等。 （部分倒装） Never have I seen such a beautiful flower. 注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装 I have never seen such a beautiful flower.,2.Hardly/Scarcely .when/before; No sooner . than 特殊句型，表示“一.就.” 引起部分到装，常用过去完成时 例： Hardly had he come back when the phone rang.,3.Not until+时间状语（或时间状语从句），表示直到.才.的意思，引起部分倒装 Not until 9:00 did he come back yesterday. Not until he failed in the test _(know)working hard is very important.,4.only置于句首，后面加介词短语或者状语从句，表示“只有.才.”引起部分倒装 Only in this way can you solve the problem. Only when he is free does he help others.(注意：从句不用倒装),5.“not only .but also.”中“not only” 位于句首，表示“不但 而且”，前倒后不倒。 例： Not only did he refuse her gift,but also he quarelled with her.,6.So/Neither/Nor 置于句首，表示“也/也不”，引起部分倒装 (1)I like this movie. So _. 当so 引出的是对上文所说内容的肯定或者加以证实时，则不用倒装，表示“确实如此”的意思。 （2）This flower is the most beautiful flowers I have seen. So _.,7.当“so/such .that.”中“so/such”位于句首，表示“如此.以至于.”, 引起部分到装.前倒后不倒！ 例： So nice is she that everyone likes her.,8.so+形容词/副词 或者such 位于句首，引起部分倒装。 例如： So happy did he look just then. Such is he .,9.在由if 引导的虚拟语气的从句中，若有were/should/had等词时，可将if省略，将刚刚那三类词提前到主语前面，引起部分倒装。 If I were you,I would try again. 改成：Were I you,I would try again. _ earn money, I would live better. A I did B I should C Did I D Should I,10.方式副词well或频度副词often, many a time, always, once, every two hours置于句首的句子。(有时候也可以不用倒装) 1)Often did I remind him not to do that. 2)Many a time has he made the same mistake.,特殊倒装： 1.用于表示祝愿和祝福之类的句子中。(部分或全部倒装) 1）May you succeed / be happy! 2) Long live the Peoples Republic of China!,2.用于形容词/副词名词/动词+ as/though的让步状语从句中。（特殊倒装） (as 必须倒，though可倒可不倒，although必不倒！) 1)Blind as she is, she knows a lot. 2)Much as I like it,I wont buy it. 3)Child as she is, she knows a lot. ( A small child as she is, she knows a lot.) 4) Try as she might, she failed again.,Exercises Time,