2019高考英语一轮基础步练Unit24Society含解析北师大版必修8.doc

Unit 24 Society李仕才【阅读理解】    My mother has always lived by some simple rules:Go to church every Sunday,help people in need,and dont worry about unchangeable things.These simple rules have allowed her to live a content life,and in doing so,she sets an example for her children to follow.However,I had broken all of these rules by the time I set off for college.    It was September,and I should have been ecstatic as I stood on my college campus saying goodbye to my parents and embarking my new independent life.However,I was just quietly crying.I had never been away from home without family.My mom hugged me,“Little girl,well come back to get you next weekend and you can come home for a visit!”    My homesickness made my freshman year in college difficult,and I comforted myself by throwing myself into my academics.I spent all my time studying,including weekends when everyone else attended parties.I had always been a good student.I would not settle anything but an A,and when I got a 4.0 my first semester,a friend said to me,“Thats great,but you can only go down from there!” Suddenly,I was more driven than ever.    My mom was worried about my social life.She was happy that I got good grades but had always told me there was more to life.What about faith?What about helping others?She encouraged me to go to church.She believed that weekly attendance was the answer to my pathetic social situation.    Sometimes,I find myself being critical (批评的) of my mothers simple ways.Its difficult with busy schedules to go to church every Sunday.And while I admire my moms ability to help anyone in need,I complain that I do not have as much time as I wish to follow her example.Her simple rules have served her well,and though I dont follow them as much as I should,they are there like a beacon(灯塔),calling for me to follow.1.The underlined word “ecstatic” in Paragraph 2 probably means_.A.tearyB.excitedC.homesickD.sad2.What can we infer from the third paragraph?A.The author didnt like any social activities.B.The author was angry with what her friend said.C.The author had a difficult time learning in college.D.The author couldnt adapt to university life at first.3.What is the authors opinion about her mothers life rules?A.She values the rules because they are guiding in her life.B.She ignores the rules because they are meaningless to her.C.She supports the rules because they are suitable for her.D.She disapproves the rules because they are difficult to follow.参考答案： 1.B; 2.D; 3.A解析： 作者母亲的生活法则虽然简单,但却蕴含人生智慧,就像灯塔,指引作者在人生道路上前进。1.B 词义猜测题。由本句后面表示转折的“However,I was just quietly crying.”可知,ecstatic应与crying所表达的情绪相反,意为“兴奋的”,故选B项。2.D 推理判断题。由第三段,特别是第一句“My homesickness made my freshman year in college difficult,and I comforted myself by throwing myself into my academics.”可推断,作者由于想家,大一只能通过不断的学习来安慰自己,故在大学一开始,作者不能很好地适应大学生活,故选D项。3.A 细节理解题。由最后一段的最后一句 “Her simple rules have served her well,and though I dont follow them as much as I should,they are there like a beacon,calling for me to follow.”可知,作者虽然不能完全遵守母亲的生活法则,但它们会像灯塔一样不断指引作者,故选A项。 完形填空The other evening we had a knock at the door. It was a new _1_who introduced himself and his boys to us.He also _2_us to a block party as a way to know the people in the neighborhood as well as celebrating the first anniversary of his two _3_sons coming to live with him.Weve lived here for almost six years and _4_ has ever come to introduce themselves. I suppose we should have _5_it on to introduce ourselves to people moving in, but we havent.In my opinion, it took the initiative(首创) of a young _6_and his adopted sons to show me how I could _7_better attention to my own community. We have many _8_ friends but I have to admit that I havent usually been the one to develop the _9_ in my own neighborhood.This experience _10_ me of one of my favorite quotes, “When I was a young man, I wanted to change the world. I found it was _11_ to change the world, so I tried to change my nation. When I found I couldnt change the nation, I began to _12_ my town. I couldnt change the town and as a(n) _13_ man, I tried to change my _14_. Now, as an old man, I _15_ the only thing I can change is myself, and _16_ I realize that if long ago I had changed myself, I could have made an impact(影响) on my family and _17_ on my town. The impact could have changed the nation and I could _18_ have changed the world.”For those of us who want to make a(n) _19_ in the world, its important to remember “Think globally, but _20_ locally.” For me, Im going to make it a point to meet more of my neighborsstarting now.【解题导语】新搬来的邻居主动上门作自我介绍，并邀请作者参加社区聚会，这让作者有了很多感慨。要想改变世界，首先要改变自己。作者决定从身边做起，多见一些邻居，关注自己的社区。1A.strangerBclassmateCbeggarDneighborD解析： 根据下文的“as a way to know the people in the neighborhood”及第二段中的“I suppose.to introduce ourselves to people moving in”可知，敲门的是一个新邻居。故选D。2A.invitedBcommandedCpersuadedDencouragedA解析： 此处指邀请“我们”参加一个街区聚会。invite“邀请”；command“命令”；persuade“说服”；encourage“鼓励”。故选A。3A.adoptedBacceptedCadaptedDannoyedA解析： 根据下文的“his adopted sons”可知，他要庆祝和他收养的儿子一起生活一周年。故选A。4A.anyoneBsomeoneCeveryoneDno oneD解析： 根据下文的“I suppose we should have.the initiative(首创) of a young _ and his adopted sons”可知，“我们”已经住在这里将近六年了，从没有人过来介绍他们自己。故选D。5A.putBmadeCtakenDturnedC解析： 此处指“我们”本应承担向搬进来的人作自我介绍的责任。故选C。take on“承担(责任)”。6A.studentBmanCwomanDmotherB解析： 根据上文可知，新搬来的是一位男士和他收养的孩子们。故选B。7A.drawBloseCpayDofferC解析： 此处指更好地关注“我”自己的社区。故选C。pay attention to“注意”。8A.foreignBlocalColdDrichB解析： “我们”有许多当地的(local)朋友，但“我”不得不承认，“我”通常不会在“我”自己的街区发展友谊。故选B。9A.troubleBfriendshipCconcernDbusinessB解析： 参见上题解析。故选B。10A.remindedBtoldCwarnedDconvincedA解析： remind sb.of sth.“使某人想起某事”；tell sb.sth.“告诉某人某事”； warn sb.of sth.“警告某人某事”；convince sb.of sth.“使某人相信某事”。根据搭配首先排除B；这个经历使“我”想起了“我”最喜欢的引言之一。故选A。11A.difficultBeasyCinterestingDrightA解析： 根据下文的“so I tried to change my nation”可知，此处表示“我发现改变世界是很难的”。故选A。12A.make outBconcentrate onCget intoDrefer toB解析： “当我发现不能改变国家时，我就开始致力于改变我所在的城镇”。make out“辨认出，理解”；concentrate on“集中精力于”；get into“开始参与”； refer to“参考，提及”。故选B。13A.smarterByoungerColderDtallerC解析： 上文讲述自己年轻时的想法，下文说自己作为一个老人的想法，以时间为序陈述。故选C。14A.stateBfamilyCtownDmindB解析： 根据下文可知，“我意识到如果以前改变自己，就可以改变家庭、城镇、国家乃至世界”。故选B。15A.explainBforgetCrealizeDregretC解析： “如今，作为一名老人，我意识到唯一能改变的是自己”。故选C。16A.happilyBsuddenlyCactuallyDluckilyB解析： 此处指突然间意识到。故选B。17A.merelyBstillConlyDevenD解析： 此处表示递进关系。merely“仅仅”；still“仍然”；only“仅仅”； even“甚至”。故选D。18A.indeedBhardlyCneverDseldomA解析： 此处表示“我确实本来可以改变世界”，为肯定意义，排除B、C和D；indeed“确实，甚至”；hardly“几乎不”；never“从不”；seldom“很少，不常”。故选A。19A.decisionBdifferenceCapologyDmistakeB解析： 此处指“那些想要对世界产生影响的人”。make a decision“做决定”；make a difference“有影响，起作用”；make an apology“道歉”；make a mistake“出错”。故选B。20A.behaveBactCmoveDoperateB解析： 该句表示“放眼全球，立足地方”，指可进行全球化思考，但要在当地采取行动。behave“举止，表现”；act“行动”；move“移动”；operate“操作”。故选B。 语法填空I can still recall the day when I sat on the stairs of a temple in Nepal.The square before the temple 1._(become) very muddy as a result of the rain.We had to walk on a path made by a line of bricks on the muddy ground.A friend of 2._(I) complained all the way while she stepped on the bricks 3._(walk) towards me.Looking around she said very 4._(patience), “Disgusting indeed! What 5._ I fall into the dirty water？”Since I knew her very well, I nodded cautiously 6._(comfort) her by my silent sympathy.A few minutes later another friend came 7._ the same scene.She stepped on the brick path dancing briskly and singing, “Jump, jump, jump！” until she reached the dry ground.She couldnt help shouting, “8._ fun it is！” Eyes beaming with joy, she made the remarks, “The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can 9._(entire) be free from dust.”In the eyes of the two there 10._(be) two different worlds.As the world has a population of 7 billion, it follows that there should be 7 billion worlds.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者回忆起在尼泊尔发生的一件事：两位朋友在面对雨后泥泞的道路时，看法完全不一样，一位为此而抱怨，一位则为此而欣喜。因此，不同的人眼中的世界是不同的。1became/had become解析：考查动词的时态。根据上下文语境可知，此处可用一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作；因为“道路变得泥泞”这一动作发生在“sat”之前，所以此处也可用过去完成时。故填became/had become。2mine解析：考查代词。根据语境可知，作者的一位朋友一路上一直在抱怨，此处应用I的名词性物主代词作介词“of”的宾语。故填mine。3walking解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，主语“she”和动词walk之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，所以此处应用walk的现在分词形式作状语。故填walking。4impatiently解析：考查词性转换。分析词法知识可知，此处应用副词修饰动词“said”；根据语境可知，作者的那位朋友很不耐烦地抱怨着，故应用否定形式。故填impatiently。5if解析：考查固定搭配。what if是固定搭配，意为“如果该怎么办”，符合语境。故填if。6to comfort解析：考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，作者点头是为了安慰那位朋友，此处应用动词不定式表目的。故填to comfort。7to解析：考查介词。句意：几分钟之后，作者的另一位朋友来到了同一个地方。come to意为“来到(某地)”，符合语境。故填to。8What解析：考查感叹句。根据句法结构可知，fun是不可数名词，所以此处应用what引导这个感叹句。故填What。注意首字母大写。9entirely解析：考查副词。句意：在雨季，最令人高兴的是人们可以完全避开灰尘。此处修饰be动词，故用形容词entire的副词形式，故填entirely。10were解析：考查主谓一致和动词的时态。纵观全文时态并结合语境可知，此处应用一般过去时；there be结构后的“two different worlds”为复数概念，所以此处be动词应用一般过去时的复数形式。故填were。、七选五How to Exercise Every Week ConsistentlyIn my experience people, especially me, do not work out consistently for two reasons：time and method.·TimeThree weeks ago I was finding every excuse in the book to justify why I did not have a chance to exercise. In my mind all my reasons are valid, and I am sure yours are too.Here is a little secret, both you and I have more than enough time to work out. 1. . If you want to exercise more or finish your to­do­list, you have to start planning well.·The method2 . For me, two options came to mind, before work, and after work. During the morning I go to work, and after work I do not have the energy.Since my mornings and evenings are not available, I changed my way and looked at my work day. It turns out that 4. . I realized that my job has access to a gym, and decided to switch my lunch hour for a workout break.·4. Ive been hitting the gym at least four times per week for the past two weeks!Now that I have a set time to get moving, I have no issues working out consistently, and I tend to exercise more days during the week. 5. You might be thinking an hour is not a lot of time. Is that enough?The answer is yes! You do not need a lot of time in the gym to see results. All you need is consistent and a good plan.AThe plansBThe resultsCLast week I went to the gym six daysDReview your day and look for a 1­hour block to workoutEI was wasting my lunch break looking through social mediaFReconsider your problems and try to solve them in a different wayGThe problem is not how much time we have but how we are using it【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了每个星期都坚持锻炼的具体做法。1G解析：根据空格上一句可知，你和“我”实际上都有足够的时间锻炼。G项“问题不是我们有多少时间而是我们怎么利用时间”承接上文，符合语境。故选G。2D解析：空格后一句是说对“我”来说，能抽出的时间就是上班前和下班后。D项“回顾你的一天，然后抽出1小时的时间来锻炼”是对空格后一句的整体概述，空格后一句是对D项的举例说明。故选D。3E解析：E项中的关键词“lunch break”与空格后一句中的“lunch hour”相照应，符合语境。故选E。4B解析：空格处是本段的标题句，是对该段内容的概括。根据该段中的“Ive been hitting the gym at least four times per week for the past two weeks！”可知，这段介绍的是计划执行的结果。故选B。5C解析：空格上一句是说“我”尽量每周多花几天去锻炼。C项“上周我有六天都去了健身房”与此紧密衔接，是对其的例证，符合语境。故选C。、短文改错I usually go to school by bike.And this morning I went on foot.On the way to school，I happen to witness an accident.A middle­aged woman was knocked down by a car while crosses the street.Seeing that was happening on the scene，I made rush for the woman to help.One passer­by got out of his cellphone and called the police.I helped to carry the woman to safe and dress her wound. Around ten minutes late, an ambulance arrived and took him to hospital.I continued my way to school，feeling happily that I could offer some help in time.【答案】I usually go to school by bike. this morning I went on foot.On the way to school，I to witness an accident.A middle­aged woman was knocked down by a car while the street.Seeing was happening on the scene，I made rush for the woman to help.One passer­by got out his cellphone and called the police.I helped to carry the woman to and dress her wound. Around ten minutes ， an ambulance arrived and took to hospital.I continued my way to school，feeling that I could offer some help in time.第一处：AndBut。考查连词。前后句之间是转折关系，故用But。第二处：happenhappened。考查时态。根据上文中的“I went on foot”可知，此处描述的是发生在过去的事情，应该用一般过去时。第三处：crossescrossing。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，cross与A middle­aged woman之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用现在分词形式。第四处：thatwhat。考查名词性从句。这里指“看到现场发生的事情”。此处在句中引导宾语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示“的事情”，故用what。第五处：rush前加a。考查冠词。此处指作者冲向那位女士以提供帮助。make a rush for“冲向，奔向”是固定搭配。第六处：删除out后的of。考查固定搭配。一位路人拿出他的手机并给警察打了电话。get“取来，拿来”，是及物动词，其后可直接接宾语；out在此为副词。而get out of sth.意为“离开(某地)，摆脱，放弃”，显然不符合此处的语境。故of多余。第七处：safesafety。考查名词。此处充当介词的宾语，应该用名词形式。safety“安全的地方”。第八处：latelater。考查副词。虽然late和later都可用作副词，但前者表示“迟，晚”，后者表示“后来，随后”。根据句意可知，应将late改为later。第九处：himher。考查代词。此处指的是救护车将那个受伤的女士带去了医院，故应用her。第十处：happilyhappy。考查形容词。feel是系动词，其后应用形容词作表语。9