专题06 阅读理解七选五-2021年高考学霸笔记.docx

专题06 阅读理解七选五-2021年高考学霸笔记1.七选五首段常用词以下：following, below, as follows, here, there, 步骤方法类：steps, methods, advice, suggestions, tips, options, habits, reasons, ways, ideas2.阅读理解七选五做题步骤 判断文体，说明文或记叙文。说明文考察结构，而记叙文则通常涉及时态。 确定特殊结构，包括标点符号“,”、“?”等，半句式等。 分析选项代词以及空前空后代词，特别是后者，常常是破题关键。 分析选项复现词。注意，复现词不应选择通篇词。 注意干扰选项的排除。【考点一】问句式1. 【2019年全国卷I】Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.”1_ According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good.If the air you're breathing is cleanwhich it would be if you're away from the smog of citiesthen the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉) and your brain.A.Fresh air cleans our lungs.B.So what are you waiting for?C.Being in nature refreshes us.D.Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.E.But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?F.Just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care.G.All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.2. (2019课标全国II)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question: “Should I jump?”This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of the same coin. 1_ Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.2_ More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc. Only then should you set your goals. You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. 3_ So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity (清晰) of thoughts can help you move forward.A.This can affect your work.B.So how should you motivate yourself?C.However, this should not discourage you.D.So why should we try to set specific goals?E.They can change according to circumstances.F.Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.G.Without motivation, you can neither set a goal nor reach it.【考点二】半句式3. (2018课标全国I)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Color is fundamental in home designsomething you'll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you'll love to live in. Do you want a room that's full of life?Professional?Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? 1._ , color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. 2._ , they can get a little complex. But good news is that there're really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home:the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones.3._. They're the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily A.While all of them are usefulB.Whatever you're looking forC.If you're experimenting with a colorD.Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar withE.It's not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesF.So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first timeG.Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways4. (2015课标全国II)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady,gradual increases in the length of the runs.1._, buy the best-fitting,best-built running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet,so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.When you have found shoes that seem right,walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit. 2_. As always,you should stretch(伸展)at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.During the first week,do not think about distance,but run five minutes longer each day. 3_, it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week,set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run. 4_. After two weeks,start timing yourself.5._.Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter,you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.A.After six daysB.For a good marathon runnerC.Before you begin your trainingD.With each day,increase the distance by a half mileE.If they still feel good, you can begin running in themF.Time spent for preparation raises the quality of trainingG.Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time【考点三】小标题5. (2015课标全国I)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Building Trust in a Relationship AgainTrust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences.1_ Trust is a risk.But you can't be successful when there's a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.Unfortunately,we've all been victims of betrayal.Whether we've been stolen from,lied to,misled,or cheated on,there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes people simply can't trust anymore. 2._ It's understandable,but if you're willing to build trust in a relationship again,we have some steps you can take to get you there. 3._ Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being. 4._ If you've been betrayed,you are the victim of your circumstance.But there's a difference between being a victim and living with a“victim mentality”.At some point in all of our lives,we'll have our trust tested or violated.You didn't lose“everything”.Once trust is lost,what is left?Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle,look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 5._ Instead,it's a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.A.Learn to really trust yourself.B.It is putting confidence in someone.C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D.Remember that you can expect the best in return.E.They've been too badly hurt and they can't bear to let it happen again.F.This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.G.Seeing the positive side of things doesn't mean you're ignoring what happened.6. (2019课标全国)In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. 1._ While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic(逻辑) of each to their particular circumstance.Do's2._ Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus(教学大纲) and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.Participate in discussion forums(论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. 3._     Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.Don'tsDon't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation toA.That's what they are for.B.Turn to an online instructor for help.C.If more information is needed, they will ask.D.Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.E.Below are some common dos and don'ts for online learners. tipsF.Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.G.Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.7. (2018课标全国II)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed!With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. 1._ Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day. 2._    Your metabolism(新陈代谢)gets a head start. 3._ If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie(卡路里)burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep. 4._ Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.5._ If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthyA.You will stick to your diet.B.Your quality of sleep improves.C.You prefer healthy food to fast food.D.There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.E.You can keep your head clear for 410 hours after exercise.F.After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.G.If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you're doing it now, then listen up!【考点四】时态8. (2017课标全国I)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping. I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 36._The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 37._ We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for my sons food poisoning.I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. 38._ Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life. 39._ We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains. 40._ It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.AThis time there was no tent.BThings are going to be improved.CThe trip they took me on was a rough one.DI was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.EI must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.9. (2018课标全国)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow, life and death, and everything else in between.1._We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time.“I adore dancing,”says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. “I can't imagine doing anything else with my life.”Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. “Teaching dance is wonderful. 2._ It's great to watch them. For many of them, it's a way of meeting people and having a social life.”3._ “I can tell you about one young couple,” says Bridges. “They're learning to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. 4._”So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier?Andrea Hillier says, “Dance, like the pattern of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better. 5._I find it hard to stop!Dancing reminds me I'm alive.”A.So why do we dance?B.Dance in the U.S. is everywhere.C.If you like dancing outdoors, come to America.D.My older students say it makes them feel young.E.I keep practicing even when I'm extremely tired.F.Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.G.They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.【考点五】代词、原词复现10. (2016课标全国I)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Secret codes(密码)keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 1._ Code breaking never lags(落后)far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography. 2._ For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels”spell out the hidden message“Meet me.”3._ You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Let's number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter,the message “Meet me”would read“13 5 5 20 13 5.”A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 4._ For example, “bridge”might stand for “meet”and“out”might stand for “me”.The message“Bridge out”would actually mean“Meet me.” 5._However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.A.It is very hard to break a code without the code book.B.In any language, some letters are used more than others.C.Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D.As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.F.With a code book,you might write down words that would stand for other words.G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.A.It is very hard to break a code without the code book.B.In any language, some letters are used more than others.C.Only people who know the keyword can read the messag