2017年江苏高考~英语试卷~及解析.doc

.2017 年江苏省高考英语试卷第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节）第一节：单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1分，满分 15 分）21 （1 分）Many Chinese brands，_their reputations over centuries，are facing new challenges from the modern market （ ）Ahaving developed Bbeing developedCdeveloped Ddeveloping22 （1 分）_ not for the support of the teachers，the student could not overcome her difficulty （ ）AIt were BWere it CIt was DWas it23 （1 分）Located_the Belt meets the Road，Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction （ ）Awhy Bwhen Cwhich Dwhere24 （1 分）The publication of Great Expectations，which _both widely reviewed and highly praised，strengthened Dickensstatus as a leading novelist （ ）Ais Bare Cwas Dwere25 （1 分）Working with the medical team in Africa has_the best in her as a doctor （ ）Aheld out Bbrought out Cpicked out Dgiven out26 （1 分）We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20，half of_it used to charge （ ）Athat BWhich Cwhat Dhow27 （1 分）He hurried home，never once looking back to see if he_ （ ）Awas being followed Bwas followingChad been followed Dfollowed28 （1 分）In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme，one of_purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation （ ）.Awhich Bit's Cwhose Dwhom29 （1 分）Only five years after Steve Jobs' death，smartphones defeated _PCs in sales （ ）Acontroversial BcontradictoryCconfidential Dconventional30 （1 分）A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help _your year ahead （ ）AShape Bswitch Cstretch Dsharpen31 （1 分）He's been informed that he _for the scholarship because of his academic background （ ）Ahasn't qualified Bhadn't qualifiedCdoesn't qualify Dwasn't qualifying32 （1 分）Determining where we are _our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival （ ）Ain contrast to Bin defense ofCin face of Din relation to33 （1 分）What does the stuff on your Tshirt mean？（ ）It's nothing Just something _Aas clear as day Boff the top of my headCunder my nose Dbeyond my wildest dreams34 （1 分）The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidentsBut _explanations are hard to find （ ）Aalternative Baggressive Cambiguous Dapparent35 （1 分）Going to watch the Women's Volleyball Match on Wednesday？_!Will you go with me？（ ）AYou there BYou betCYou got me DYou know better第二节：完形填空（满分 20 分）请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的.A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑36 （20 分）For a long time Gabriel didn't want to be involved in music at allIn his first years of high school，Gabriel would look pityingly at music students， （36） across the campus with their heavy instrument cases （37） at school for practice hours（38） anyone else had to be thereHe swore to himself to （39） music，as he hated getting to school extra early（40） ，one day，in the music class that was （41） of his school's standard curriculum，he was playing idly （随意地）on the piano and found it （42 ） to pick out tunesWith a sinking feeling，he realized that he actually （43） doing itHe tried to hide his （44） pleasure from the music teather，who had （45） over to listenHe might not have done this particularly well， （46） the teacher told Gabriel that he had a good（47） and suggested that Gabriel go into the musin storeroom ti see if any of the instruments there（48） himThere he decided to give the cello（大提琴）a （49） When he began practicing，he took it very （50） But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrurnent，and was （51） to practicing it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably wellThis（52） ，of course，that he arrived at school early in the morning， （53） his heavy instrument case across the campus to the（54） looks of the nonmusicians he had left（55） 36Atravelling Bmarching Cpacing Dstruggling37Arising up Bcoming up Cdriving up Dturning up38Abefore Bafter Cuntil Dsince39Abetray Baccept Cavoid Dappreciate40ATherefore BHowever CThus DMoreover41Apart Bnature Cbasis Dspirit.42Acomplicated Bsafe Cconfusing Deasy43Amissed Bdisliked Cenjoyed Ddenied44Atransparent Bobvious Cfalse Dsimilar45Arun Bjogged Cjumped Dwandered46Abecause Bbut Cthough Dso47Aear Btaste Cheart Dvoice48Aoccurred to Btook to Cappealed to Dheld to49Achange Bchance Cmission Dfunction50Aseriously Bproudly Ccasually Dadmitted51Acommitted Bused Climited Dadmitted52Aproved Bshowed Cstressed Dmeant53Apushing Bdragging Clifting Drushing54Aadmiring Bpitying Cannoying Dteasing55Aover Baside Cbehind Dout第三部分：阅读理解（满分 30 分）请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑56 （4 分）ACHRONOLOGICAThe Unbelievable Years that Defined HistoryDID YOU KNOWIn 105 AD paper was invented in China? When Columbus discovered the New World?The British Museum opened in 1759?CHRONOLOGICA is a fascinating journey through time, from the foundation of Rome to the creation of the internet. Along the way are tales of kings and queens, hot air balloonsand monkeys in space.Travel through 100 of the most unbelievable years in world history and learn why being a Roman Emperor wasnt always as good as it sounds, how the Hundred Years War didnt actually last for 100 years and why Spencer Perceval holds a rather unfortunate record. CHRONOLOGICA is an informative and entertaining tour into history, beautifully illustrated and full of unbelievable facts. While CHRONOLOGICA tells the stories of famous people in history such as Thomas Edison and Alexander the Great, this book also gives an account of the lives of lesser-known individuals including the explorer .Mungo Park and sculptor Gutzon Borglum.This complete but brief historical collection is certain to entertain readers young and old, and guaranteed to present even the biggest history lover with something new!56What is CHRONOLOGICA according to the text？ AA biography BA travel guideCA history book DA science fiction57How does the writer recommend CHRONOLOGICA to readers？ ABy giving details of its collectionBBy introducing some of its contents CBy telling stories at the beginning DBy comparing it with other books58 （6 分） BBefore birth, babies can tell the difference between loud sounds and voices. They can even distinguish their mothers voice from that of a female stranger. But when it comes to embryonic learning (胎 教), birds could rule the roost. As recently reported in The Auk: Ornithological Advances, some mother birds may teach their young to sing even before they hatch (孵化). New-born chicks can then imitate their moms call within a few days of entering the world. This educational method was first observed in 2012 by Sonia Kleindorfer, a biologist at Flinders University in South Australia, and her colleagues. Female Australian superb fairy wrens were found to repeat one sound over and over again while hatching their eggs. When the eggs were hatched, the baby birds made the similar chirp to their mothersa sound that served as their regular “feed me!” call.To find out if the special quality was more widespread in birds, the researchers sought the red-backed fairy wren, another species of Australian songbird. First they collected sound data from 67 nests in four sites in Queensland before and after hatching. Then they identified begging calls by analyzing the order and number of notes. A computer analysis blindly compared calls produced by mothers and chicks, ranking them by similarity.It turns out that baby red-backed fairy wrens also emerge chirping like their moms. And the more frequently mothers had called to their eggs, the more similar were the babies begging calls. In addition, the team set up a separate experiment that suggested that the baby birds that most closely imitated their moms voice were rewarded with the most food.This observation hints that effective embryonic learning could signal neurological (神经系统的) strengths of children to parents. An evolutionary inference can then be drawn. “As a parent, do you invest in quality children, or do you invest in children that are in need?” Kleindorfer asks. “Our results suggest that they might be going for quality.”58The underlined phrase in Paragraph 1 means“ “ Abe the worst Bbe the bestCbe the as bad Dbe just as good59What are Kleindorfer's findings based on？ ASimilarities between the calls moms and chicksBThe observation of fairy wrens across AustraliaCThe data collected from Queensland's localsDControlled experiments on wrens and other birds60Embryonic learning helps mother birds to identify the baby birds which Acan receive quality signalsBare in need of trainingCfit the environment betterDmake the loudest call61 （8 分） CA new commodity brings about a highly profitable, fast-growing industry,urging antitrust（反垄断）regulators to step in to check those who control its flow. A century ago, the resource in question was oil. Now similar concerns ares being raised by the giants（巨头）that deal in data, the oil of the digital age. The most valuable firms are Google, Amazon, Facebook and Microsoft. All look unstoppable.Such situations have led to calls for the tech giants to be broken up. But size .alone is not a crime. The giants success has benefited consumers. Few want to live without search engines or a quick delivery. Far from charging consumers high prices, many of these services are free (users pay, in effect, by handing over yet more data. And the appearance of new-born giants suggests that newcomers can make waves, too.But there is cause for concern. The internet has made data abundant, all-present and far more valuable, changing the nature of data and competition. Google initially used the data collected from users to target advertising better. But recently it has discovered that data can be turned into new services: translation and visual recognition, to be sold to other companies. Internet companies control of data gives them enormous power. So they have a “Gods eye view” of activities in their own markets and beyond.This nature of data makes the antitrust measures of the past less useful. Breaking up firms like Google into five small ones would not stop remaking themselves: in time, one of them would become great again. A rethink is required and as a new approach starts to become apparent, two ideas stand out.The first is that antitrust authorities need to move form the industrial age into the 21st century. When considering a merger(兼并), for example, they have traditionally used size to determine when to step in. They now need to take into account the extent of firms data assets(资产) when assessing the impact of deals. The purchase price could also be a signal that an established company is buying a new-born threat. When this takes place, especially when a new-born company has no revenue to speak of, the regulators should raise red flags.The second principle is to loosen the control that providers of on-line services have over data and give more to those who supply them. Companies could be forced to consumers what information they hold and how many money they make form it. Governments could order the sharing of certain kinds of data, with users consent.Restarting antitrust for the information age will not be easy But if governments dont wants a data economy by a few giants, they must act soon. 61Why is there a call to break up giants？ AThey have controlled the data marketBThey collect enormous private dataCThey no longer provide free servicesDThey dismissed some newborn giants62What does the technological innovation in Paragraph 3 indicate？ AData giants' technology is very expensiveBGoogle's idea is popular among data firms.CData can strengthen giants' controlling positionDData can be turned into new services or products63By paying attention to firms' data assets，antitrust regulators could Akill a new threatBavoid the size trapCfavour bigger firmsDcharge higher prices64What is the purpose of loosening the giants' control of data？ ABig companies could relieve data security pressureBGovernments could relieve their financial pressureCConsumers could better protect their privacyDSmall companies could get more opportunities 65 （12 分）DOld Problem, New ApproachesWhile clean energy is increasingly used in our daily life, global warning will continue for some decades after CO2 emissions（排放） peak. So even if emissions were to begin to decrease today, we would still face the challenge of adapting to climate change. Here I will stress some smarter and more creative examples of climate adaptation.When it comes to adaptation, it is important to understand that climate change is a process. We are therefore not talking about adapting to a new standard, but to a constantly shifting set of conditions. This is why, in part at least, the US National Climate Assessment says that: “There is no one-size fits all adaptation.” Nevertheless, there are some actions that offer much and carry little risk or cost.Around the world, people are adapting in surprising ways, especially in some poor countries. Floods have become more damaging in Bangladesh in recent decades. Mohammed Rezwan saw opportunity where others saw only disaster. His not-for-profit organization runs 100 river boats that serve as floating libraries, schools, and health clinics, and are equipped with solar panels and other communicating facilities. Rezwan is creating floating connectivity（连体） to replace flooded roads and highways. But he is also working at a far more fundamental level: his staff show people how to make floating gardens and fish ponds prevent starvation during the wet season.Elsewhere in Asia even more astonishing actions are being taken. Chewang Norphel lives in a mountainous region in India, where he is known as the Ice Man. The loss of glaciers(冰川) there due to global warming represents an enormous threat to agriculture. Without the glaciers, water will arrive in the rivers at times when it can damage crops. Norphels inspiration came from seeing the waste of water over winter, when it was not needed. He directed the wasted water into shallow basins where it .froze, and was stored until the spring. His fields of ice supply perfectly timed irrigation(灌溉) water. Having created nine such ice reserves, Norphel calculates that he has stored about 200, 000m3 of water. Climate change is a continuing process, so Norphels ice reserves will not last forever. Warming will overtake them. But he is providing a few years during which the farmers will, perhaps, be able to find other means of adapting.Increasing Earths reflectiven