人机交互人机交互人机交互 (3).pdf

Topics for Chapter 2.Perception第第二二章章 感知感知 翻转话题列表翻转话题列表Note:Questions with black color:basic tasks,questions with blue color:expansiontasks.注：字体颜色为黑色的问题是基本任务，字体颜色为蓝色的问题是拓展任务。U=Understand 知晓，I=Identify 识别，A=Analyze 分析2.1 Sight and visual perception2.1.1 Physiology of human eyeTopic 1Structure of human eye（U）Introduce the structure of human eye,including but not limited to lens,retina,fovea,iris and optic nerve.（I）How does the lens project the image of outside world upside down ontothe retina?How is this effect applied in single-lens reflex camera?（A）What is the blind spot?Why dont we notice this effect?Can you designan experiment to discover the blind spot?Rods and Cones（U）Describe the distribution of cones and rods.（I）What are the main differences between cones and rods?（U）Introduce the three types of cones.（U）Explain high and low sensitiveness of human eye to different color range.（I）Why is human vision different from other animals such as dog or bird?（A）Considering the spatial distribution of sensory cells in human eye,whatimplications does it bring for UI design?Topic 2Saccades and fixations（U）Introduce the definitions of saccades and fixations（A）Analyze different reading modes,for example,detailed reading andskimming.In which context are these two modes applied?（I）What is speed reading?Can this skill be trained?Why is it fast?（I）What factors influence reading speed and quality?（I）How saccades and fixations are applied in different languages,forexample in English and in Chinese?What are the main differences?Color blindness（I）What causes color blindness?（A）Analyze different designs for traffic lights or battery charger.How is theinformation encoded?Are they friendly for color-blind people?How toimprove them?Accommodation&vergence（U）What is accommodation and how is this effect related to the lens of theeye?（U）What is vergence?（I）Why are accommodation and vergence not well applied in todaysHead-Mounted Displays?2.1.2 Perception of ColorsTopic 3Color spaces（U）Explain RGB and HSV color spaces.Which one is more consistent withthe way human eye perceiving colors?（I）Besides RGB and HSV color space,what are other color spaces?Color contrast（I）Explain color-only contrast,bright-dark contrast,cold-warm contrast,complementary contrast,quality contrast and simultaneous contrast.Give onegood and bad example for each.（A）Considering simultaneous contrast,how is human visual perceptioninfluenced by environment and so not reliable?Give some examples.2.1.3 Other Effects of Human EyeTopic 4Attentive and pre-attentive perception（U）What is attentive and pre-attentive perception?What properties ispre-attentive?Name at least one example for each.（U）Implications for UI design.（A）Why is pre-attentive perception fast?Gestalt Laws（U）Explain the basic properties of Gestalt Laws:proximity,similarity,closeness,simplicity,continuation,connectiveness.（A）Analyze 2 applications of Gestalt Laws in UI design.2.2 Hearing and auditive perception2.2.1 physiology of auditive perceptionTopic 5Spatial hearing（I）What is Interaural Time Difference(ITD)and Interaural IntensityDifference(IID)?（U）What is Head-Related Transfer Function(HRTF)?2.2.2 Specifics ofAuditive Perception（I）What is phonological loop and why is it easily interruptible?Is it limitedin capacity?（A）What is auditory icons?What is earcons?How are the relevant valuesencoded in earcons?Analyze one example for each and explain the maindifference between them.2.3 Other senses2.3.1 feeling and proprioceptionTopic 6Touch（U）What are the sensors related to touch?（A）Among numbers of touch sensors,why is mainly tactile sense used toconvey simple signals?（A）Although touch screen is already integrated in in-car systems,why dophysical components for example radio buttons still remain?（A）Explain the distribution of sensor cells in skin.Proprioception（U）What is proprioception?（I）What is the advantage of this type of feeling?（I）What is drift in sense?Why is proprioception fine with coarse informationand not so well with detailed and stable information.2.3.2 sense of smell and taste（I）Explain the main features of smell and taste.（I）Explain how the different sensations for taste are distributed in togue.（I）Why cant you taste something when you catch cold?How are smell andtaste integrated?（A）Why is there barely application with the sense of smell and tasteintegrated in?Why is it difficult to represent this sense with a technology?