小学英语毕业总预习复习重点汇总.doc

|小学英语毕业总复习知识点汇总一：学生易错词汇1. a, an 的选择 : 元音字母开头的单词用 an，辅音字母开头的单词用 a.2. am , is , are 的选择: 单数用 is , 复数用 are. I 用 am , you 用 are.3. have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物。单数用 has , 复数用 have. I ,you 用 have .4. there is, there are 的选择: 表示某地有某物，某人。单数用 there is , 复数用 there are.5. some, any 的选择: 肯定句用 some, 疑问句和否定句用 any.6. 疑问词的选择:what (什么) who (谁) where (哪里) whose (谁的) why（为什么）when(什么时候）which（哪一个） how old (多大) how many （多少）how much（多少钱）二：形容词比较级详解当我们需要对事物作出比较时，需要用到比较级。比较级的句子结构通常是：什么 + 动词 be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than（比）+ 什么 ,如：Im taller and heavier than you. （我比你更高和更重。）An elephant is bigger than a tiger. （一只大象比一只老虎更大。）形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的，它的变化规则是： 一般的直接在词尾加 er ，如 tall - taller , strong - stronger , 以 e 结尾的，直接加 r ，如 fine finer ,| 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的，先改 y 为 i 再加 er，如 funny - funnier 双写最后的字母再加 er，如 big bigger, thin thinner ,hot hotter注意 比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。典型错误：My hair is longer than you.（我的头发比你更长。）比较的两者是我的头发、你（整个人），那么比较的对象就没有可比性。应该改为：My hair is longer than yours. 或 My hair is longer than your hair.比较级专项练习: 一、从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子 heavy tall long big(1) How is the Yellow River?(2) How is Mr Green? Hes 175cm.(3) How are your feet? I wear size 18.(4)How is the fish? Its 2kg.二、根据句意写出所缺的单词(1) Im 12 years old. Youre 14. Im than you.(2) A rabbits tail is than a monkeys tail.(3) An elephant is than a pig.(4) A lake is than a sea.(5) A basketball is than a football.三、根据中文完成句子.(1) 我比我的弟弟大三岁. Im than my brother.(2) 这棵树要比那棵树高. This tree than that one.(3) 你比他矮四厘米. You are than he.(4) 谁比你重? than you？|四、根据答句写出问句(1) Im 160 cm.(2) Im 12 years old.(4) Amys hair is 30 cm long.三：动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则有：、规则动词 一般直接在动词的后面加 ed：如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited 以 e 结尾的动词直接加 d：如 lived , danced , used 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词要改 y 为 i 再加 ed（此类动词较少）如 study studied carry carried worry worried （注意play、stay 不是辅音字母加 y,所以不属于此类） 双写最后一个字母（此类动词较少）如 stopped、不规则动词（此类词并无规则，须熟记）小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式：sing sang , eat ate ,see saw , have had , do did , go went , take took , buy bought , get got , read read ,fly flew , am/is was ,are were , say said , leave left , swim swam , tell told , draw drew , come came , lose lost , find found , drink drank , hurt hurt , feel felt四：动词现在分词详解 动词的 ing 形式的构成规则： 一般的直接在后面加上 ing , 如 doing , going , working , singing , eating 以 e 结尾的动词，要先去 e 再加 ing ，如 having , writing 双写最后一个字母的（此类动词极少）有：running , swimming , sitting , getting|五：人称和数人称代词 主格 宾格 物主代词单数 I（我） me my（我的）第一人称 复数 we（我们） us our（我们的）单数 you（你） you your（你的）第二人称 复数 you（你们） you your（你们的）he（他） him his（他的）she（她） her her（她的）单数it（它） it its（它的）第三人称复数 they（他们 /她们/它们） them their（他们的 /她们的/它们的）六：句型专项归类1、肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子，如：Im a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.2、否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子，如：Im not a student. She is not (isnt) a doctor.He does not (doesnt) work in a hospital. There are not (arent) four fans in our classroom.He will not (wont) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didnt) watch TV yesterday evening.注意 小结：否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 “not”。有动词 be 的句子则“not”加在 be 后面，可缩写成 “isnt，arent” ，但am not 一般都分开写。没有动词 be 的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词（do， does，did），然后在它后面加上“not”，你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“dont , doesnt , didnt ）。这三个助动词要根|据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” 。3、一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必须用“yes”，或“no”来回答。如：Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, Im not.Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isnt.Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there arent.Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we arent.)Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(wont).Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they arent.Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didnt.注意 小结：一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上，把动词 be 调到首位，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。没有动词 be 的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词（do ，does，did ）再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” 。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致，即问句里的第一个单词（助动词）和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。|4、特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词（what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how 等）开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么，不能用“yes 、no” 来回答。如：What is this? Its a computer.What does he do? Hes a doctor.Where are you going? Im going to Beijing.Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike.Which season do you like best? Summer.When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30.Whose skirt is this? Its Amys.Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees.How are you? Im fine. / Im happy.How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train.其中 how 又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问，如： how many（多少(数量) ）, how much（多少(钱)）, how tall（多高）, how long（多长）, how big（多大）, how heavy（多重）例句：How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils.How many girls can you see? I can see four girls.How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51.小结：how many 用来提问可数名词的数量，主要有以上三种句式搭配，How many + 名词复数 + do you have? 你有多少？How many + 名词复数 + can you see? 你能看见多少？How many + 名词复数 + are there? 有多少 ？七：完全、缩略形式:Im=I am hes=he is shes=she is theyre=they are youre=you are theres=there is theyre=they are cant=can not |dont=do not doesnt=does not isnt=is not arent=are not lets=let us wont=will not Ill=I will wasnt=was not总结：通常情况下，'m 即 am，'s 即 is（但 lets=let us）， 're 即are ，n't 即 not （但 cant=can not）八：与字母相关的题型 ( 注：五个元音字母是 Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu )一.将所给字母的大小写写在四线格上Hh Rr Xx Gg Mm Uu Zz Ff Qq Ii二.写出下列字母的左邻右舍。1.( ) Hh ( ) 2.( ) Bb ( ) 3.( ) Ll ( ) 4.( ) Rr ( ) 5.( ) Qq ( ) 6.( ) Ww ( )三.用小写字母抄写下列单词。1.ROOM( ) 2.UNDER( ) 3.PLEASE( ) 4.PICTURE( ) 5.WHERE( ) 6.TWINS( ) 7.EXCUSE( ) 8.HOW( ) 9.CAKE( ) 10.SMALL( )三.将全是元音字母的那一组圈起来1. a c e 2. i e o 3. v u k 4. e u I 5. J B I 6. E T V 7. E I O 8. A U E四.写出与所给单词发音相同的字母（大小写）。1.bee ( ) 2.sea ( ) 3.tea ( ) 4.are ( ) 5.why ( ) 6.you ( )