2019八年级英语上册 Review of Units 1-2词句精讲精练 （新版）仁爱版.doc

1ReviewReview ofof UnitsUnits 1-21-2词句精讲精练词句精讲精练 词汇精讲词汇精讲 1.1. winwinwin 是动词，意为“赢得；打败；战胜” ，其现在分词要双写 n，过去式和过去分词均为 won。例如：He won a prize last week. 他上周得奖了。They won the basketball match yesterday. 他们昨天赢得了那场篮球比赛。【拓展】win 和 beat 的辨析：(1) win 强调赢得“比赛、游戏、战争” ，获得“名次、奖品” 。例如：win a prize 得奖win a game 赢得比赛win a honor 赢得荣誉win a battle 赢得战斗win a match 赢得比赛win a scholarship 赢得奖学金(2) beat 强调“打败，战胜” ，其后只能接比赛、竞争的对手，即 beat 只能接表示人的词语作宾语。例 如：beat a team 战胜/打败一队（组）beat a nation 战争/打败一个国家2.2. popularpopularpopular 是形容词，意为“流行的；受欢迎的” 。be popular with 意为“受欢迎” 。例如：This kind of sweater is very popular. 这种毛衣非常流行。She is a popular teacher in our school. 她是我们学校一位很受欢迎的老师。His songs are popular with young people. 他的歌很受年轻人的欢迎。 3 3inventinvent（1）invent 作动词，意为“发明；创造” 。例如：Edison invented the light bulb. 爱迪生发明了电灯。（2）invent 还可以表示“虚构” 。例如：The whole story was invented. 整个故事是虚构的。（3）invent 的名词形式有两个，一个是 inventor（发明者；发明家） ，另一个是 invention（发明物）. 例如：Edison is a great inventor in history.爱迪生是历史上伟大的发明家。Human history is also a history of great inventions.人类的历史也是一个伟大发明的历史。【拓展】invent 和 discover 辨析（1）invent 意为“发明，发明之物” ，指“从无到有” 。例如：Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔在 1876 年发明了电话。（2）discover 意为“发现” ，指“本来就已经存在，但不为人知”的事物。例如：2Columbus discovered America in 1492.哥伦布在 1492 年发现了美洲。4.4. scorescore （1）score 作动词，意为“得分；获胜” 。例如：Hughes scored two goals before half-time.休斯在上半场进了两个球.The army continued to score successes in the south.军队在南方不断取得胜利。 （2）score 作名词，意为“得分；二十；乐谱” 。例如：I recorded the score in a notebook.我在笔记本上记下了分数。He bought two scores of apples yesterday.他昨天买了四十个苹果。Look at the score and try to play that song.看乐谱演奏一下那首曲子。5.5. breakbreak（1）break 作动词时，既可作及物动词也可作不及物动词，意为“打破；折断；弄坏” 。例如：He fell through the window, breaking the glass. 他撞破玻璃从窗口摔了下去。The plate broke. 盘子打破了。She broke a leg in a skiing accident. 她在一次滑雪事故中摔断了一条腿。The lead biker broke his bike chain. 那位领先的自行车手车链子断了。（2）break 用作名词的基本意思是“裂口，裂缝；破裂” ，用于时间可表示“间歇，休息时间” ，是可数名词。例如：There is a break in the pipe. 管道上有一处裂缝。There is a break during the performance. 演出中有一次中场休息。6.6. wellwell （1）well 作形容词，意为“身体健康的，身体好的” 。例如：I hope you will be well soon. 我希望你很快好起来。He is quite well. 他身体好。（2）well 作副词，意为“好，令人满意地” 。例如：Mary speaks English very well.玛丽英语说得很好。 He sings well.他唱得好。 7 7askask sb.sb. toto dodo sth.sth.ask sb. to do sth.“让某人做某事” ，其否定形式为 ask sb. not to do sth.“让某人不要做某事” 。例如：I often ask him to help me with my housework.我经常让他帮助我做家务。My mother asked me not to read in the sun. 妈妈让我不要在太阳下看书。【拓展】3（1）ask sb. sth. “问某事某事” 。例如：Can I ask you some questions?我能问你一些问题吗？（2）ask sb. about sth.意为“询问某人有关某事；向某人打听某事” 。例如：My father often calls me up and asks me about my study.爸爸经常给我打电话，询问我的学习情况。（3）ask for sth.“请求某事，要某物” ，相当于 want sth. 例如：Please ask for help if you have some problems.如果你有问题，请寻求帮助。（4）ask sb. forsth.“向某人要某物” 。例如：If you dont find the way to the school, please ask a policeman for help.如果你找不到去学校的路，请向警察求助8.8. keepkeep healthyhealthy（1）keep 作动词，意思是“保持” ，常见的结构为 keep+形容词/动词-ing 形式，意为“使某物保持某种状态” 。例如：The cat keeps running after the rat, trying to catch it.那只猫一直在追赶老鼠，想要抓住它。I need to keep fit. 我需要保持健康。Please keep quiet. 请保持安静。（2）keep 的后面还可以表示为 keep sb. doing sth.，表示“让某人一直做某事” 。例如：You keep me waiting for half an hour.你让我等了半个小时。（3）healthy 是形容词，意为“健康的” ， “healthy food”意为“健康食品” 。healthy 的名词为health,副词为 healthily, 反义词为 unhealthy。例如：The old man looks healthy.这个老人看起来很健康。Healthy food is good for our health.健康食品对我们的健康有益。9.9. threethree timestimes a a daydaythree times a day 意为“每天三次” ，是一个表示频率的副词短语，对其提问时用 how often。例 如：You should take your medicine three times a day.你应该每天吃三次药。How often do you wash your clothes? 你多久洗一次衣服？Once or twice a week. 每周一两次。 【拓展】 在英语中，表示“一次”用 once，表示两次用 twice，表示“三次或三次以上”时，用“基数词 +times” ，此时 time 是可数名词，意为“次数” 。例如：once a week 每周一次 twice or three times a week 每周两三次 词汇精练词汇精练 I.I. 英汉互译。英汉互译。1. play sports _ 2. 一天许多次_3. 谈论_ 4. 去游泳_45. 保持健康 _ 6. 对有害_7. 不到，少于_ 8. 每周两次_9. do sports _ 10. no problem _ 11. too much _ 12. healthy food _ II.II. 根据句意及首字母提示写出所缺单词。根据句意及首字母提示写出所缺单词。1. H_ food is good for your body.2. You must k_ quiet in the library.3. Do you often eat unhealthy f_?4. We n_ to do sports every day.5. Its time to do morning e_.6 I dont like fish, so I s_ eat fish. III.III. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. Amy is good at _(draw).2. Mille _(do) morning exercises every day.3. Lets go _(swim) after school.4. He goes to the library many _(time) a week.5. My grandpa enjoys _(listen) to the radio.6. Music makes me _(feel) great.7. He hopes _(become) a member of the music club.8. He wants me _(go) with him.9. Does Daniel _(get) up at 6:30 every morning?10. What about _(watch) TV at home? 参考答案参考答案 I.I. 英汉互译。英汉互译。 1. 做运动 2. many times a day 3. talk about 4. go swimming 5. keep healthy/fit 6. be bad for 7. less than 8. twice a week 9. 作运动 10. 没问题 11. 太多 12.健康食品 II.II. 根据句意及首字母提示写出所缺单词。根据句意及首字母提示写出所缺单词。1. healthy 2. keep 3. food 4. need 5. exercises 6. seldom III.III. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. drawing 2. does 3. swimming 4. times 5. listening 6. feel 7. to become 8. to go 9. get 10. watching句式精讲句式精讲1.1. WhichWhich sportsport dodo youyou prefer,prefer, swimmingswimming oror rowing?rowing?(1) prefer 作动词，意为“更喜爱，更喜欢” 。相当于 likebetter。例如：Of the two cars，I prefer that red one.两辆车中，我更喜欢红色的那辆。Which do you prefer，coffee or tea? 你更喜欢咖啡还是茶？(2) prefer to do sth. 意为“宁愿做某事” 。例如：I prefer to go home now. 现在我宁愿回家。(3) prefer sth to sth. 意为“与相比更喜欢” 。后接名词、代词或动词-ing 形式。例如：5She usually prefers vegetables to meat.她通常喜欢蔬菜而不喜欢肉。2.2. I I havehave a a cold.cold.have a cold是动词短语，意为“患感冒，伤风” ，也可以说成catch a cold/get a cold或take a cold。其中have表示“患病，得病” ，不能用于进行时态，但可与一段时间连用，表示状态；而 catch/get a cold则表示瞬时动作，不能同一段时间连用。例如：I have had a cold for three days. 我感冒三天了。此句也可以表达为：I had/caught/got a cold three days ago.【拓展】表示人体某部位“痛”时的几种结构：（1）have a + 身体部位名词后加-ache构成。例如：have a headache 头痛have a toothache 牙痛have a stomachache胃痛（2）have a sore + 身体部位名词。例如：have a sore throat 喉咙痛have a sore arm 胳膊痛have a sore foot 脚痛（3）身体部位 + hurt/ache。例如：My eyes hurt. 我眼睛痛。My legs ache. 我腿疼。（4）have a pain in/ on + the + 身体部位。例如：I have a pain in the arm. 我胳膊痛。（5）There is something wrong with + ones + 身体部位。例如：There is something wrong with your eyes. 你的眼睛有毛病。3.3. StayingStaying upup latelate isis badbad forfor youryour health.health.（1）stay up late 表示“熬夜；睡得很晚” 。例如：I used to stayuplate with my friends and watch movies.我以前总是和朋友们一起熬夜看电影。（2）be bad for，意为“对有害处” 。介词 for 后接名词或代词。其反义词为 be good for 意为“对有好处，对有益处” 。例如：Junk food is not good for our health. 垃圾食品对我们的健康没有好处。Smoking is bad for you. 吸烟对你有害。4.4. AreAre youyou goinggoing toto joinjoin thethe schoolschool rowingrowing team?team?（1）join 意为“参加，加入” ，可以指加入某种社团或者组织，成为其中的成员。例如：Yao Ming joined the NBA. 姚明加入了 NBA。（2） “join + 指人的名词或代词” ，意为“加入之中” 。例如：Will you join us for lunch? 和我们一起吃午饭好吗？（3） “join + in + 活动类名词”意为“参加（活动） 。 ”例如：Can you join in the game? 你能参加这个游戏吗？5 5YouYou shouldshould seesee a a dentist.dentist. should 是情态动词，意为“应当，应该” 。表示义务、责任，可用于各种人称，无人称和数的变化，6也不能单独作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情态；否定形式为 should not，缩写为 shouldnt。其主要用法有：(1) 表示责任和义务，意为“应该” 。例如：You should take your teachers advice. 你应该听从你老师的建议。You shouldnt be late for class. 你不应该上课迟到。(2) 表示推断，意为“可能，该” 。例如：The train should have already left. 火车可能已经离开了。6.6. BasketballBasketball isis oneone ofof thethe mostmost popularpopular sportssports one of +the +形容词最高级+复数名词/代词，意为“最之一” ，当其作主语时，谓语动词用 单数形式。例如：His brother is one of the tallest boys in the class.他弟弟是这个班最高的男生之一。The song is one of the most popular songs.这首歌是最流行的歌之一。One of us has nothing for breakfast.我们中有一个人没吃早饭。 句式精练句式精练 I.I. 根据汉语提示，完成英语句子（每空一词）根据汉语提示，完成英语句子（每空一词） 。 1. 垃圾食品对我们健康有害。Junk food _ _ _ our health. 2. 中国的长城是世界的奇迹之一。The Great Wall in China is _ _ the wonders of the world. 3汤姆，你不应该玩刀。Tom，you shouldnt _ _the knife 4. 你怎么了？ 我牙疼。 _ _ _? I have a _. 5. 我奶奶宁愿去散步而不愿看电视。My grandma prefers _ a walk _ _ in front of the TV. II.II. 按要求完成句子。按要求完成句子。 1. I think I have a cold. (改为否定句)I _ _ I _ a cold.2. She has a toothache. (对划线部分提问)_ the _ _ her?3. My head hurts. (同义句转换)I _ a _. 4. Yao Ming plays basketball very well. (改为同义句)Yao Ming _ _ _ playing basketball. 5. Do they enjoy the lessons? (作否定回答)_, they _. 6. Helen has some Chinese textbooks. (改为否定句)Helen _ _ _Chinese textbooks.7. We have chicken for dinner. (对划线部分提问)7_ do you _ for dinner?8. My little cat walks to his bowl many times a day.（对划线部分提问）_ _ _ your cat walk to his bowl?9. I would like a cup of tea. (改为一般疑问句)_ _ like a cup of tea?10. Hamburgers arent good for our health. (改为同义句)Hamburgers _ our health. III.III. 补全对话。补全对话。 阅读下面对话，从方框中选择适当的句子补全对话。 （其中有两项是多余的）A. When will it be? B. Whats the name of it? C. Shall we be volunteers? D. Whats in todays newspaper? E. Anything new in todays paper? F. How can we become volunteers? G. Everyone is supposed to make contributions.A: Hi, Li Jun.1_ B: Yes, the first National Youth Games will be held in Fuzhou. A: Great! 2_ B: Itll start in 0ctober, 2015. Look, here is a photo of the main stadium. A: Wow, it looks grand.3_ B: Fuzhou Strait Olympic Game Center. A: Really nice. What else about the Games? B: Thirty-one thousand volunteers are wanted.4. _ A: Sure! Its an honor to serve the players and visitors. B: So it is.5._ A: Lets look forward to this big event.参考答案参考答案 I.I. 根据汉语提示，完成英语句子（每空一词）根据汉语提示，完成英语句子（每空一词） 。1. is bad for 2. one of 3. play with 4. Whats the matter; toothache 5. taking; to watching II.II. 按要求完成句子。按要求完成句子。1. don't think; have 2. What's; matter with 3. have; headache 4. is good at 5. No; dont 6. doesnt have any 7. What; have 8. How often does 9. Would you 10. are bad for III.III. 补全对话。补全对话。1-5 EABCG