2019中考英语试题解析汇编专题11 完成句子、连词成句、单词拼写及翻译题及改错.doc

1专题专题 1111 完成句子、连词成句、单词拼写及翻译题及改错完成句子、连词成句、单词拼写及翻译题及改错1.【2018 年四川省宜宾】完成句子根据中文意思完成英语句子，每空一词。51. 在许多国家，朋友们第一次见面时都应该握手。In many countries, friends are _shake hands when they meet for the first time.52. 曼迪和苏珊都不喜欢这本书。_Mandy _Susan likes this book.53. 在科学家们的努力下，中国已经能够制造像 C919 这样的大飞机。With scientists great efforts, China has _to make big planes like C919.54. 为了实现中国梦，我们必须努力学习和工作。_to achieve our Chinese Dream, we must study and work hard.55. 2018 年世界杯就要到来了。你对足球感兴趣吗？Are you _World Cup 2018 which is coming soon?【答案】51. supposed to 52. (1). Neither (2). nor 53. been able 54. In order 55. interested in53. 在科学家们的努力下，中国已经能够制造像 C919 这样的大飞机。根据句意可知用现在完成时态， be able to do 能够做某事；故填 been able 54. 为了实现中国梦，我们必须努力学习和工作。根据 in order to 为了；故填 In order 55. 2018 年世界杯就要到来了。你对足球感兴趣吗？根据 be interested in 对-感兴趣；故填interested in2.【2018 年浙江省金华】用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空。每词限用一次2Canada influence our season throw away31. Which _ do you like better, spring or autumn?32. Our new English teacher comes from a small _ town.33. To everyones surprise, their plan sounded similar to _.34. Before we _ rubbish, we usually divide it into different groups.35. Parents should know that very often they _ their children in many ways.【答案】31. season 32. Canadian 33. ours 34. throw away 35. influence【解析】33. 句意：令所有人惊讶的是，他们的计划听起来和我们的相似。比较的对象是他们的计划与我们的计划相比，为了避免与前面名词的重复，此处用名词性物主代词 ours 代替 our plan。34. 句意：在我们扔掉垃圾之前，通常把垃圾分成不同的组。结合句意可知，选择动词词组 throw away，before 引导的时间状语从句可以用一般现在时表示将来，主语是 we，谓语动词要用动词原形，故答案为 throw away。35. 句意：父母应该知道，他们经常在很多方面影响着他们的孩子。宾语从句缺少谓语动词，根据 often判断，经常性的动作用一般现在时态，从句的主语为 they，故动词用原形 influence。3.【2018 年浙江省绍兴中考】用方框中所给单的透当形式填空，每词仅用一次。thirsty her grape since produce31. How sweet these _ taste!32. Drink whenever you feel_during exert.cise.33. thats not marys son. _ has a round fac.34. Tea is_in many different areas in China.335. weve been friends _ we were at school together【答案】31. grapes 32. thirsty 33. Hers 34. produced 35. since【解析】33. 句意：那不是 Mary 的儿子，她的儿子有一张圆脸。根据句意可知，这里指代的是 Mary 的儿子，her可以作形容词性物主代词，修饰名词；也可以作人称代词的宾格“她”。而这句话中缺少的是主语，因此应用名词性的物主代词，hers 相当于 her son。34. 句意：中国许多不同的地区生产茶叶。produce 生产，是一个动词。根据句意可知，这句话的主语Tea 与动词 produce 构成被动关系，这句话应使用被动语态，be+动词的过去分词，空前已经有了 is，这里填过去分词 produced。35. 句意：自从我们一起上学时起我们就是好朋友。since 自从，引导时间状语从句，从句中用一般过去时态，主句用现在完成时态。根据句意可知，这里表示“从时起”，故填 since。点睛：这个题目是选词填空，我们应在所给的五个单词中，选择适当的单词完成句子，并注意使用单词的正确形式。做题时，应先浏览所给单词，弄清楚他们的意思，然后根据句意选择适当的的单词，并根据单词在句中的作用、句中使用的句型等变化单词的正确形式。例如第 2 小题，句中的 Drink 提示我们，这里应表示“当口渴的时候”，空前 are 是系动词，故这里直接用形容词形式 thirsty 在句中作表语。再如第4 小题，根据句意可知，这里的意思是“出产茶叶”，应选择动词 produce，并且主语 Tea 和该动词构成被动关系，这里应使用被动语态，构成是 be +过去分词，空前有了 is，这里填过去分词 produced。 4.【2018 年甘肃省白银】根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。76. An apple_(keep )the doctor away.77. Too much sugar is bad for your_(tooth).78. The days of spring are_(wind) and bright.79. You shouldnt be too hard on _(you).80. Many April Fools jokes may end up _(be) not very funny.481. I haven't seen them _(recent).82. This machine can_(translate) simple messages into 24 different languages.83. I have already asked him_(two)but he hasnt given me any reply.84. Please be quiet. The children_(sleep).85. My father usually goes to work early_(avoid)heavy traffic.【答案】76. keeps 77. teeth 78. windy 79. yourself/yourselves 80. being 81. recently 82. translate 83. twice 84. are sleeping 85. to avoid【解析】78. 句意：春天的天气多风，阳光明媚。分析句子结构可知此处应填形容词形式作表语，与 wind 所对应的形容词是 windy，故答案填 windy。79. 句意：你/你们别对自己太苛刻。be too hard on oneself/oneselves 固定搭配，对自己太苛刻，提示词为 you，其反身代词是 yourself 或者 yourselves，故答案填 yourself/yourselves。80. 句意：许多愚人节玩笑最终可能不是很有趣。end up doing sth 以做某事而告终，固定搭配，故答案填 being。81. 句意：我最近没有见过他们。分析句子结构可知空格处修饰前面的谓语动词，所以应用副词形式，与recent 所对应的副词为 recently，故答案填 recently。82. 句意：这台机器可以将简单的消息翻译成 24 种不同的语言。分析句子结构可知空格处在句中充当谓语成分，前面有情态动词 can，所以此处应用动词原形，translate 动词，意思是“翻译”，故答案填translate。585. 句意：为了避免交通拥挤，我爸爸通常很早去上班。分析句子结构可知此处应是动词不定式形式，表示目的，故答案填 to avoid。点睛：做这类题型，首先要粗读每个句子，看每个句子是什么意思。然后看所要填写的内容在句子中做什么成分，需要什么词性；最后按照所给出的单词提示，结合相关的语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。如，第 2 小题，根据句意，吃太多的糖对你的牙齿不好；人的牙齿不止一颗，所以用 tooth 的复数形式 teeth。第 10 小题，分析句子结构可知此处应是动词不定式形式，表示目的，故答案填 to avoid。5.【2018 年甘肃省白银】选出与句子画线部分意思相同或相近的选项。86. The train arrived at the station 20 minutes late.A. reached B. got C. left D. passed87. A lot of people are coming to the meeting.A. A few B. A little C. A bit of D. A large number of88. The table is inexpensive but well-made.A. cheap B. comfortable C. wonderful D. colourful89. Acting has brought me great enjoyment.A. movement B. pleasure C. luck D. success90. The little boy finished his painting all by himself.A. his own B. along C. alone D. together with him【答案】86. A 87. D 88. A 89. B 90. C【解析】86. 根据 arrive at+地点 到达；get to+地点 到达；left 离开；passed 经过；故选 A87. 根据 A lot of 许多；A. A few 一些（修饰可数名词复数）； B. A little 一点（修饰不可数名词）； C. A bit of 一点（修饰不可数名词）； D. A large number of 许多（修饰复数名词）；故选 D88. 根据 inexpensive 不贵；A. cheap 便宜的； B. comfortable 舒服的； C. wonderful 绝妙的；D. colourful 鲜艳的；故选 A89. 根据 enjoyment.乐趣；A. movement 感到； B. pleasure 快乐； C. luck 运气； D. 6success 成功；故选 B90. 根据 all by himself 独自；A. his own 他自己的； B. along 沿着； C. alone 独自； D. together with him 和他在一起；故选 C6. 【2018 年甘肃省白银】按括号内要求转换下列句型。91. The sweater is 20 dollars.(对画线部分提问)_ _ is the sweater?92. Could you please be there at 5:00?(改为祈使句)_ _ at 5:00, please!93. Hows the weather today?(改为同义句)_ the weather _ today?94. At first, he didnt know what he could do in the new group.(改为简单句)At first, he didnt know _ _ do in the new group.95. This volleyball must belong to Carla.(改为否定句).This volleyball _ _Carlas.【答案】91. (1). How (2). much 92. (1). Be (2). there 93. (1). Whats; (2). like 94. (1). what (2). to 95. (1). cant (2). be【解析】93. Hows the weather today?(改为同义句)问天气可以有两种问法：whats the weather like?/how is the weather?故填(1). Whats; (2). like94. At first, he didnt know what he could do in the new group.(改为简单句)疑问词引导的宾语从句可以变成疑问词后接不定式结构，句子成为简单句；故填(1). what (2). to 95. This volleyball must belong to Carla.(改为否定句).根据 must belong to Carla.一定属于卡拉，否定意思应是不可能是卡拉的，cant 不可能，情态动词后用动词原形；cant be 不可能是；故填(1). 7cant (2). be7.【2018 年甘肃省白银】根据所给语提示完成下列句子。96. 改过不嫌晚。Its never _ late _ mend.97. 除非我们仔细点，否则我们不能把工作做好。_ we are careful, we cant do our work _.98. 我国已和一百多个国家建立了外交关系。Our country has established diplomatic relations with _ _ 100 countries.99. 只剩一份儿了，我们得分享着看了。_ only one copy left, well have to _.100. 罗马不是一天建成的。Rome _ _ in a day.【答案】96. (1). too; (2). to 97. (1). Unless (2). Well 98. (1). more (2). than 99. (1). Theres; (2). share 100. (1). wasnt (2). built【解析】98. 通过中英文对照可知英文句子中缺少固定短语“多于、超过”，英文表达是 more than，故答案填(1).more (2). than99. 由题干可知本题前半句考查句型 Theres only one copy left,意思是“只剩一份儿了”，后半句句中缺少动词“分享”，英文表达是 share，故答案填(1). Theres (2). share 100. 根据所给的汉语提示可知本句的主语 Rome 是动作的承受者，所以应用被动语态，即 be+动词过去分词，根据句意可知用其否定形式，直接在 be 后加 not 即可；由于罗马是在过去建的，所以要用一般过去时态；故答案填(1). wasnt (2). built88.【2018 年河北省中考】连词成句,将所给词语连成句子,标点已给出。要求：符合语法,语句通顺,大小写正确，词语不得重复使用。51. it,outside, hot, is_?52. on time, to, remember, arrive_.53. for lunch, we, what, do, have_?54. a cup of, Lucy, me, tea, brought_.55. your, beautiful, are, how, kites_!【答案】51. Is it hot outside 52. Remember to arrive on time 53. What do you have for lunch 54. Lucy brought me a cup of tea 55. How beautiful your kites are【解析】53. 句意：我们中午吃什么？根据所给标点（？）可知是疑问句。分析所给词汇可知是特殊疑问句，what 是特殊疑问词，do 是助动词，we 是主语，have for lunch 是固定搭配做谓语和宾语。故填 What do you have for lunch。54. 句意：露西带给我一杯咖啡。根据所给标点（.）可知是陈述句。分析所给词汇：Lucy 做主语，brought 做谓语，me 是双宾中的间接宾语，a cup of tea 是直接宾语。故填 Lucy brought me a cup of tea。55. 句意：你的风筝真漂亮！根据所给标点（！）可知用感叹句。分析所给词汇是 how 引导的感叹句，how 是感叹词，beautiful 是形容词，your kites 是主语，are 是谓语。故填 How beautiful your kites 9are。9.【2018 年湖北省黄冈市中考】根据汉语及句末括号内的英语单词提示,用相关动词短语的适当形式完成句子。(提示：每空不超过四个单词)55. 你应该学会礼貌地拒绝别人的邀请。(turn)You are supposed to learn _ others' invitation politely.56. 当我们赶到书店时,他们已经卖光了哈利·波特这本书。(sell)By the time we arrived at the bookstore, they _ Harry Potter.57. 志愿者们正在努力地为俄罗斯世界杯提供更好的服务。( make)The volunteers _ to provide Russia World Cup with better service.58. 在学校你的课业已经足够了,必须删去课外学习班。(cut)You have enough classes from school. the after-school classes must _.59. 我朋友第一次来黄冈时,就喜欢上了这个城市。(fall)My friend _ Huanggang when he came to the city for the first time.60. 作为一名登山运动员,亚历克斯习惯于冒险。(take)As a mountain climber. Alex is used to _.61. 如果我们齐心协力,我们的中国梦一定可以实现。(pull)If we all _, our China dream are sure to come true.【答案】55. to turn down 56. had sold out 57. are making an effort 58. be cut out 59. fell in love with 60. taking risks /taking a risk 61. pull together【解析】57. make an effort to do sth“努力做某事”，结合句意，表示正在努力，故用现在进行时 be doing，10主语 the volunteers 是复数形式，故谓语用复数形式，故为 are making an effort。60. take risks=take a risk“冒险”，be used to doing sth“习惯做某事”，故用动名词，故为taking risks/taking a risk。61. pull together“齐心协力”，主语 we 是复数形式，故谓语用复数形式，故为 pull together。10.【2018 年湖北省宜昌中考】根据所给汉语和提示词完成下列句子。56. 对许多中国人来说，春节期间和家人团聚是传统。(thousand)For _Chinese people, it is a tradition to get together with their families during the Spring Festival.57. 工程师们用一整天时间制定了维修这座大桥的周计划。(weekly)It took the engineers a whole day to_ for repairing the bridge.58. 你最好是勇敢面对挑战而不是逃避。(run)You'd better face challenges bravely instead of _ them.59. 你能想象人工智能将在很多领域取代人类吗?( imagine)_that Al will take the place of human beings in many fields?60. 如果你不想陷入麻烦，就不要忽略任何小错误。(leave)If you don't want to get into trouble, please don't _ any small mistakes.【答案】56. thousands of 57. make a weekly plan 58. running away from 59. Are you able to/Can you imagine 60. leave out【解析】56. 许多 thousands of（成千上万的）；根据句意结构和中英文提示，可知填 thousands of。57. 制定了周计划 make a weekly plan；it takes sb. some time to do sth.花费某人多长时间做某事，是固定句式，后面的不定式短语是真正主语。根据句意结构和中英文提示，可知填 make a weekly plan。58. 逃避 run away from；instead of 代替/而不是，介词 of 后接动名词；根据句意结构和中英文提示，11可知填 running away from。11.【2018 年甘肃兰州】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。66. There are many_(different) between the twins. One is shy, but the other is outgoing.67. I didn't watch TV last night, because my TV set was_(break).68. Before you answer the question, please think it_(careful).69. As we all know, Teachers' Day is in the_(nine)month of the year. It is the best time forus to show our love and respect to them.70. It is raining outside. Why not _(take)an umbrella with you?71. Though the little boy is young, he can dress _(he)without anyone's help.72. After finishing _(do)your homework, you can have a good rest.73. Teenagers should be _(allow) to make their own decisions.74. The more trees we plant in our city, the _(beautiful) Lanzhou will be.75. Look! The Smiths _(eat) dinner in the kitchen.【答案】66. differences 67. broken 68. carefully 69. ninth 70. take 71. himself 72. doing 73. allowed 74. more beautiful 75. are eating【解析】【66 题详解】句意：这对双胞胎有许多不同之处。一个害羞，另一个外向。many 后跟可数名词的复数形式，故答案为differences。12【67 题详解】句意：我昨晚没看电视，因为我的电视机坏了。be broken(机器等)发生故障，失灵，失效，出毛病，结合句意，故答案为 broken。【68 题详解】句意：在回答这个问题之前，请仔细考虑一下。副词修饰动词 think，故答案为 carefully。【69 题详解】句意：众所周知，教师节在一年中的第九个月。这是我们向他们表达我们的爱和尊敬的最好时间。month为名词的单数形式，因此前面用序数词表示顺序，nine 的序数词为 ninth。【71 题详解】句意：虽然这个小男孩很小，但他可以自己穿衣服，不需要任何人的帮助。dress oneself 自己穿衣服，oneself 与主语 he 要保持一致，故答案为 himself。【72 题详解】句意：做完作业后，你可以好好休息一下。finish doing sth.做完某事，故答案为 doing。【73 题详解】句意：青少年应该被允许做出自己的决定。should be allowed to do sth.应该被允许做某事，此句是含有情态动词的被动语态，缺少过去分词，故答案为 allowed。【74 题详解】句意：我们城市种植的树越多，兰州就越美丽。“The+比较级的句子，the+比较级的句子”，表示“越越”。beautiful 为多音节的形容词，比较级要借助 more，故答案为 more beautiful。【75 题详解】句意：看！史密斯一家正在厨房里吃晚饭。Look! 看，引起大家注意，是现在进行时态的标志词，其构成为 am / is /are+ doing，The Smiths 此处指家庭成员，视作复数，助动词用 are，故答案为 are eating。12.【2018 年甘肃兰州】根据所给汉语提示完成下列句子。(每空限填一词)76. 生活充满了出乎意料。Life is_ _ the unexpected.1377. 兰州以她美味的牛肉面而著名。Lanzhou is _ _ its delicious beef noodles.78. 人类砍伐树木，因此动物处于极大的危险之中。People _ _ many trees, so animals are in great danger.79. 熬夜对身体不好。It is bad for health to _ _ late.80. 校长对我们非常负责，他亲自为我们做一切事情。The headmaster is so responsible that he does everything for us _ _.【答案】76. (1). full (2). of 77. (1). famous/known (2). for 78. (1). cut (2). down 79. (1). stay (2). up 80. (1). by (2). himself【解析】【76 题详解】be full of 充满，根据汉语提示可知，答案为(1). full (2). of 。【79 题详解】考查动词词组 stay up，意思是“熬夜”。不定式 to 后跟动词原形，故答案为(1). stay (2). up 。【80 题详解】by oneself 某人自己，亲自。反身代词 oneself 要与从句的主语 he 保持一致，故答案为(1). by (2). himself 。13.【2018 年广西贺州】单词拼写：根据句子意思及所给的中文或首字母提示完成单词，请将完整的单词填写在答题卡对应的横线上。每空只能填一词。1446. This is a _ (地图) of china.47. Don't worry about your grandma. There is _ (没有什么) serious with her.48. Mr. Miller is a very _ (幽默的) teacher. His classes are very interesting.49. There are about two _ (千) students in our school.50. Miss Li has _ (教) us English for 3 years. She is very kind to us.51. D_ the summer vacation, we mustn't go swimming alone in the river. It's dangerous.52. It has been 20 years s_ I graduated from college.53. Paul didn't drive to the museum. I_, he rode his bike.54. In s_, flowers come out and grass turns green.55. Now all the students are w_ down their resolutions and plans for the coming year in class.【答案】46. map 47. nothing 48. humorous 49. thousand 50. taught 51. During 52. since 53. Instead 54. spring 55. writing【解析】【46 题详解】句意“这是一个中国地图”。map 地图，且根据空前 a 可知，用单数，故填 map。【48 题详解】句意“米勒老师是一个非常幽默的老师，他的课堂很有趣”。humorous 幽默的，故填 humorous。【49 题详解】句意“在我们学校大约有 2000 个学生”。thousand 千，且 thousand 与具体数字连用时，后不加 s，故填15thousand。【50 题详解】句意“李女士教我们英语已经三年了，她对我们很友好”。teach 教，且空前有 has，用现在完成时，故填 taught。【51 题详解】句意“在暑假期间，我们禁止单独出去游泳，太危险了”。during“在期间”，是介词，且空位于句首，故填 During。【52 题详解】句意“我大学毕业已经有 20 年了”。根据 It has been+时间+since 可知，且 I graduated from college表示时间点，故填 since。【54 题详解】句意“在春天，花开了，草变绿了”。根据 flowers come out and grass turns green 可知，指春天，spring“春天”，故填 spring。【55 题详解】句意“现在，所有的学生写下他们下一年的决心和计划”。write down 写下，且根据空前 are 可知，用现在进行时，故填 writing。14.【2018 年黑龙江龙东地区】Complete the sentences with the proper forms of the words given. Only one word for each blank.36. There_(be)two glasses of milk and an egg on the table.37. Children had fun_(play) in Disneyland on Childrens Day.38. You shou