2019版高考英语一轮复习 Unit 2 The United Kingdom达标巩固练（含解析）新人教版必修5.doc

1UnitUnit 2 2 TheThe UnitedUnited KingdomKingdom李仕才一、阅读理解。一、阅读理解。The Scottish composer Evelyn Glennie lost nearly all her hearing as a young girl，yet went on to a very successful career in music including winning Grammy awards.When somebody asks her， “How do you hear？” She responds， “How do you hear？Is it only with your ears？” For Glennie，and for us too，listening is not only hearing，but is understanding.We need to listen to what is said and unsaid，and also how it is said.It's important to hear what people say accurately.As Mark Twain said， “The difference between the right word and the almost right word is the difference between lightning and the lightning bug(萤火虫) ”If you miss something or you're not sure you've heard accurately，ask the speakers.At this point you're not evaluating what they say，but just looking for accuracy and understanding.Here are some ways to get clear about what they say and don't say.Why are they saying this now，instead of sooner or later? Why are they emphasizing these points，instead of something else?Listen to how it is said.People send signals about what they mean with their voices and body language that sometimes differ from the words they say.While going through the next points，think about someone whose real meaning you might sometimes miss.and see if any of these signals might come up.First，voices.When others speak，notice changes in their volume, pace，and tone.Second，body language.Notice gestures，eye contact，and facial expressions.Do these sync what they are saying，or do they tell a different story？Third，emotions.What is the person true feeling？Now you might not know for sure，but be considerate，open to understanding，and ask thoughtful questions.1What's the writer's purpose of mentioning Evelyn Glennie?ATo give an example of wise words.BTo introduce a world­famous musician.CTo help explain the meaning of listening.DTo encourage us to fight against disability.2What can we learn from what Mark Twain said?AIt is important to have a good knowledge of English words.2BPeople should know words can be used in many different ways.CEnglish is a very complicated language with a large vocabulary.DThe slight difference between words may result in misunderstanding.3What does the underlined word “sync” probably mean?AMatch. BProve.CDescribe. DAnalyze.4Which is the best title of this passage?ASpeak While You ListenBListen Beyond WordsCRead Between LinesDThink as You Talk【解题导语】本文讲述了聆听的内涵。我们要听懂说话人想要表达的言外之意，并且要注意说话方式。1C 考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“For Glennie, and for us too, listening is not only hearing，but is understanding”可知，对于 Glennie 和“我们”来说，聆听不仅是用耳朵听而且是理解，这里说明了聆听的内涵。所以选项 C 正确。2D 考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“It's important to hear what people say accurately”和“At this point you're not evaluating what they say，but just looking for accuracy and understanding”可知，准确听懂说话者的意思很重要。因此，选项 D“词语的细微差异可能导致误解”与 Mark Twain 所说的话意思相吻合。3A 考查词义猜测。画线词前的修饰词 these 指代前一句中的“gestures, eye contact，and facial expressions” ；再根据画线词后的“what they are saying, or do they tell a different story”可推断，match 与画线词意思相近。故选 A。4B 考查标题判断。本文主要说明通过观察说话人的说话方式来听懂说话人想表达的言外之意。所以选 B。二、语法填空。In Britain someone who helps children cross the street _1_ (call)“lollipop person” ， because their sign looks like a lollipop (棒棒糖)The job of a lollipop person is to walk to the middle of the road at a(n) _2_ (suit) time, holding up the sign. It is a legal _3_ (require) for traffic to stop at this command. The lollipop person will signal that it is all right to cross the road _4_ (safe). Traffic may only move once the sign has been lowered.3Generally speaking, school crossings are manned for approximately 3 hours a day or less. As a result, the work has always appealed more _5_ people seeking to supplement their income such as _6_ retired.Lollipop people were introduced to enable policemen, _7_ had previously run crossing patrols (巡逻), to perform other duties. The earliest lollipops were red and black rectangles _8_ (say)“Stop, children crossing.”In 2001 in Europe patrollers were given extra powers allowing them _9_ (assist) adults with crossing, too. The most recent change in the history of the School Crossing Patrol saw the word “children” _10_ (replace) with a symbol to bring the UK in line with the rest of the EU (欧盟)1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英国协助交通的交通安全员的情况。1is called 考查动词的时态和语态以及主谓一致。此处描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；call 意为“把叫作” ，与主语 someone 之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态；因主语 someone 是单数概念，所以谓语动词应用单数形式。故填 is called。2suitable 考查词性转换。此处表示“一个合适的时间” ，应用形容词作定语修饰名词 time。故填 suitable。3requirement 考查词性转换。此处表示“一个合法的要求” 。形容词 legal 用来修饰名词，其前有冠词 a，故用 require 的名词形式 requirement。4safely 考查词性转换。此处表示“安全地过马路” ，应用副词修饰动词短语cross the road，故用 safe 的副词形式 safely。5to 考查介词。appeal to 意为“吸引” ，为固定短语。故填 to。6the 考查冠词。 “the形容词”表示一类人。the retired 意为“退休的人” ，符合语境。故填 the。7who 考查定语从句的引导词。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句“_7_ had previously run crossing patrols (巡逻)”中作主语，指人，应用关系代词 who 引导从句。8saying 考查非谓语动词。空格处作后置定语，say 与被修饰的名词“red and black rectangles”之间为主动关系，意为“写着” 。故填 say 的现在分词形式 saying。9to assist 考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth. 意为“允许某人做某事” ，是固定结构。故填 to assist。10replaced 考查非谓语动词。此处表示“看见单词children被一个符号代替” ，replace 与 saw 的宾语“the word”之间为被动关系，故用 replace 的过去分词形式，作4saw 的宾语补足语。故填 replaced。三、完形填空。When your child is supposed to be doing homework, are they chatting with their friends on Facebook or playing games? Many studies have shown that multitasking doesn't _1_， _2_ you child is probably proudly claiming they can do ten things _3_！ Many people believe that they can _4_ two or more tasks at the same time, but Dr. Edward Hallowell says this is _5_. The reality is that multitasking _6_ poor job performance.New hand­help _7_ such as smartphones, iPads, games and social networking sites make it very easy to multitask and _8_ attention leading to difficulty focusing on the task _9_， such as listening in the classroom or doing homework. “_10_， the brain actually _11_ kids for multitasking even though your child's performance on every task gets worse and worse. Kids don't know that they are doing _12_ because they feel better when they multitask， ” says Dr. Edward Hallowell._13_ the appearance of hand­held devices and social networking sites, teachers have noticed a difference in _14_ performance, critical thinking skills and how information is _15_. “Multitasking prevents people from gaining a deep understanding of the information they are trying to learn， ” says Dr. Edward Hallowell. Kids have a difficult time sticking with a “difficult to understand” topic and _16_ to allow themselves to be distracted (注意力分散的), to tune out and switch _17_ to Facebook or using their cell phones _18_ working harder at understanding a difficult subject or problem. In the long _19_， multitasking affects grades. One study shows that kids that use the Internet while in class do _20_ on tests, resulting in lower grades.1A.play BunderstandCuse Dwork2A.only if Beven thoughCso that Dno wonder3A.at once Bright awayCin no time Dat random4A.advocate Bdeal5Cperform Dprefer5A.impossible BimportantCimpatient Dimpolite6A.results in Bresults fromCexists in Dexists from7A.designs BdiscoveriesCequipment Devidence8A.attract BdrawCpay Dshare9A.at hand Bon timeCon schedule Dat times10A.Uncertainly BUnfortunatelyCUniversally DUndoubtedly11A.remains BrewardsCregards Dreflects12A.better BwellCbad Dworse13A.Since BBeforeCWhen DWhile14A.accidental BaccurateCaccessible Dacademic15A.produced BprocessedCpossessed Dpromoted16A.tend BattendCintend Dpretend17A.out BonCoff Dover18A.except for Brather thanCmore than Dapart from19A.run BwalkCjourney Ddistance20A.hardly BsuccessfullyCpoorly Dmildly【解题导语】本文主要讲述了孩子们同时做多项任务对学业所造成的负面影响。61D 根据下文中的“The reality is that multi­tasking _6_ poor job performance”可推知，一次做很多事情并没有什么效果，work“奏效，起作用” 。2B 根据语境可知，空处上下句之间存在逻辑上的转折关系，even though“即使，尽管” ，符合语境。3A 根据下文中的“Many people believe that they can _4_ two or more tasks at the same time”可知，孩子们会声称能同时做十件事情。at once“一起，同时”。4C 根据语境可知，许多人相信他们可以同时做两件或是更多事情。perform“做，执行，履行” 。5A 根据下文中的“poor job performance”可知，Dr. Edward Hallowell 认为同时做多个任务是不可能的。故 A 项正确。6A 根据语境尤其是“poor job performance”可推知，同时做多项任务的结果很不好。result in“导致，造成” 。7C 根据空后的“smartphones, iPads”可知，此处表示新的便携式装备，故 C 项正确。下文 13 空后的“hand­held devices”也是信息提示。8D 根据下文中的“leading to difficulty focusing on the task”可推知，多任务容易分散注意力。share“共享，共用” 。9A 根据空后的“such as listening in the classroom or doing homework”可知，这些都是手头要做的事。at hand“在手边” 。10B 根据第一段最后两句可知，Dr. Edward Hallowell 并不赞成多任务行为，因此当大脑给这种行为以肯定或鼓励时，他认为是不幸的。11B 根据空后的“even though”可知，空处与 worse 形成对比，由此可推知大脑反而鼓励这种多任务行为。reward“奖赏，报答” 。12D 根据上文中的“gets worse and worse”和空后的“because they feel better when they multitask”可知，孩子们并不知道自己变得更糟糕。13A 结合空后现在完成时的运用可知，此处应用连词 since“自从之后”引导状语从句。14D 根据上文的“teachers”可推知，老师们注意到学生们在学业上的差异。academic“学术的” 。15B 根据下文中的“Multitasking prevents people from gaining a deep understanding of the information they are trying to learn”可知，这些便携式工具的出现改变了学生处理信息的方式。process“处理” 。16A 根据空前的“Kids have a difficult time sticking with a difficult to understand topic”可知，孩子们很难坚持一个理解起来有困难的话题，他们的注意7力往往会分散。tend to do sth.“往往会做某事” 。17D 根据语境可知，既然注意力分散了，孩子们就有可能转而关注学习之外的东西。switch over to“转向” 。18B 根据语境可知，孩子们去玩手机或 Facebook，而不是更努力地学习。rather than“而不是” 。19A in the long run 为固定短语，意为“从长远来看” ，符合语境。20C 根据空后的“resulting in lower grades”可知，在课堂上上网的孩子考试成绩差。四、短文改错。Last month, I, as well as my parents, were invited to my uncle's home in the United States. My uncle, moved to America when I was five, has been living there for nearly ten years. She met us at the airport. I was exciting when I set my foot on the land of America. In the followed days, we visited some places of interest and took photos in the front of the Statue of Liberty. We all enjoyed visiting the Museum of Natural History so it enriched our knowledge great. For me, this is one of the most rewarding trips which I have ever made in my life and I am looking forward to go there again.答案：Last month, I, as well as my parents, invited to my uncle's home in werewasthe United States. My uncle, moved to America when I was five, has been wholiving there for nearly ten years. met us at the airport. I was SheHeexcitingexcitedwhen I set my foot on the land of America. In the days, we visited followedfollowingsome places of interest and took photos in front of the Statue of Liberty. We all enjoyed visiting the Museum of Natural History it enriched our sobecauseknowledge . For me, this is one of the most rewarding trips I greatgreatlywhichthathave ever made in my life and I am looking forward to there again.gogoing难项分析：第一处：werewas 考查主谓一致。主语后接 as well as 引导的短语时，谓语动词8的数由前面的主语来决定。故 were 改为 was。第四处：excitingexcited 考查形容词。此处指人内心的感受，所以用­ed 结尾的形容词。故 exciting 改为 excited。第九处：whichthat 考查定语从句的引导词。先行词前由形容词最高级修饰，关系词只能用 that 不能用 which。五、七选五