2019高中英语 Unit 5 First aid同步练习 新人教版必修5.doc

1UnitUnit 5 5 FirstFirst aidaid话题诵读 日积月累 导语 在别人发生危险时，我们会尽量去进行急救。但是你知道进行急救应该注意 哪些问题吗？Never try and reset(重新安装)a broken bone.Remember，this is first aidif you are doing this，you are preparing a patient for transport.Unless you are 110% sure of what you are doing，resetting a broken bone runs a strong risk of making things worse. It is dangerous to give aspirin(阿司匹林)to anyone under the age of 16 as it can cause potential damage to the brain and liver before this age. Never，ever put yourself in danger！As much as this seems to lack compassion，remember that being a hero，in this case，means nothing if you come back dead. If you aren't sure what to do，leave it to the professionals.If it's not a life-critical injury，doing the wrong thing can endanger the patient.See the note about training，up above in tips. Do not move the person.It could harm them even more；unless they are in immediate danger.Wait for the ambulance to arrive to take over treatment of the person. Do not touch someone who is being shocked by an electrical current.Turn off the power or use a piece of non-conductive material(eg，wood，dry rope，dry clothing)to separate him from the power source before touching him. Before touching a victim or offering any aid，get consent to treat！Check the laws in your area.If someone has a “Do not resuscitate(使复苏)” order，respect it(only if you see proof)If the person is unconscious and at the risk of death or injury，without any known “Do not resuscitate”order，go ahead and treat by implied consent. 词海拾贝 1risk n others may be marked with “Buy It Now” and have a fixed price.You can buy these right away. If the item is being auctioned，you offer the highest price you are prepared to pay and eBay bids (出价) for you.The bid will be increased little by little until it goes beyond your highest bid，then you are emailed and asked if you would like to bid again.Auctions last up to 10 days and when they finish you get an email telling you whether you have won the item. How to pay：Sellers decide how they would like to be paid and you need to check this before placing a bid as you might not want to post a cheque or postal orders.The easiest way is through PayPal，an online payment system that takes the money away from your credit card. Selling made simple：If you plan to sell on eBay，it helps to include a picture of the item.I followed my friends' advice and put up the items I wanted to sell for a 10day auction，starting on a Thursday.This way buyers had two weekends to bid. The big things in life：It's easy to post a small item，but furniture is a big part of eBay and this has to be collected or sent by deliverymen.Check the ways of delivery before you bid. What is the passage mainly about? AHow to make payment online. BWays of making delivery online. CHow to use an onlineauction system. DAdvantages of an onlineauction system. 解析：这是一篇说明文，文章结构清晰明了，第一段介绍注册网址、网上的拍卖品；21第二段介绍怎样竞价；第三段介绍怎样付款。把三段的大意联系起来我们就可以概括出文 章的中心：网络拍卖系统的使用方法。答案是 C。 答案：C即学即练 1Why should mankind explore space? Why should money，time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth? These are questions that，understandably，are very often asked. Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup(基因构成)as human beings.What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains，and on into all possible areas and environments? The wider the spread of a species，the better its chance of survival.Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible. Nearly every successful civilization has explored，because by doing so，any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for.Without knowledge，we may be completely destroyed by the danger.With knowledge，we can lessen its effects. Exploration also allows minerals and other potential (潜在的)resources to be found.Even if we have no immediate need of them，they will perhaps be useful later.Resources may be more than physical possessions.Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration.The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives.We have already benefited from other spinoffs including improvements in earthquake prediction，in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems.Even nonstick pans and mirrored sunglasses are byproducts (副产品)of technological developments in the space industry! While many resources are spent on what seems a small return，the exploration of space allows creative，brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us.While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works，it also holds dangers.The danger exists，but knowledge can help human beings to survive.Without the ability to reach out across space，the chance to save ourselves might not exist. While Earth is the only planet known to support life，surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets.It is true that the lifestyle would be different，but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future. Which of the statements can best sum up the passage? ASpace exploration has created many wonders. BSpace exploration provided the best value for money. CSpace exploration can benefit science and technology. DSpace exploration may help us avoid potential problems on Earth. 解析：主旨大意题。除去前两段引入，第三段主旨句(首句)的意思是每个文明都会探 索周围文明以减低危险，第四段主旨句(首句)说的是探索使得我们能够发现潜在能源。第22五段主旨句(首句)说的是探索使得很多人发现解决问题的有用资源。总的来说，就可归结 为，太空探索可以帮助我们解决很多问题。 答案：D 2Ireland has had a very difficult history.The problems started in the 16th century when English rulers tried to conquer(征服) Ireland.For hundreds of years，the Irish people fought against the English.Finally，in 1921，the British government was forced to give independence to the south of Ireland.The result is that today there are two “Irelands” Northern Ireland，in the north，is part of the United Kingdom.The Republic of Ireland，in the south，is an independent country. In the 1840s the main crop，potatoes，was affected by disease and about 750，000 people died of hunger.This，and a shortage (短缺) of work，forced many people to leave Ireland and live in the USA，the UK，Australia and Canada.As a result of these problems，the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851. For many years，the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers.Today，many people still work on the land but more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices.Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside，where things move at a quieter and slower pace. The Irish are famous for being warmhearted and friendly，Oscar Wilde，a famous Irish writer，once said that the Irish were “the greatest talkers since the Greeks” Since independence，Ireland has revived (复兴) its own culture of music，language，literature and singing.Different areas have different styles of old Irish songs which are sung without instruments.Other kinds of Irish music use many different instruments such as the violin，whistles，etc.(1)What does the author tell us in Paragraph 1? AHow the Irish fought against the English. BHow Ireland gained independence. CHow English rulers tried to conquer Ireland. DHow two “Irelands” came into being. 解析：段落大意题。根据文章第一段倒数第三句“The result is that today there are two Ireland ”可知作者想告诉我们爱尔兰分裂成为南北两个“爱尔兰”的历史原 因是英国的侵略。D 项两个“爱尔兰”是如何形成的符合题意。 答案：D (2)The last paragraph is mainly about_ Athe Irish character BIrish culture CIrish musical instruments Da famous Irish writer 解析：段落大意题。文章最后一段主要向我们介绍了爱尔兰人的音乐文化、语言、文 学和演唱的复兴，接着叙述了不同的音乐风格、乐器等，因此可以判断 B 正确，其他选项 只是其中的一个方面。 答案：B23(3)What can be the best title for the text? ALife in Ireland BA Very Difficult History CIreland，Past and Present DThe Independence of Ireland 解析：主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了爱尔兰的发展历史。C 项 Ireland，Past and Present“爱尔兰的过去和现在”能体现文章的主旨大意，作为题目符合题意。 答案：C 规范写作 技法指民 方法技巧 如何写指导性说明文 说明文是以说明为主要表达方式对事物的状态、性质、功能等进行介绍，或是阐明事 理，给人提供知识的一种文体。知识性、科学性是说明文的主要特点。指导性说明文属于 说明事理类文体，它旨在为读者提供未知的知识和原理，使读者阅读后对文章所写事物有 所了解，或掌握解决问题的方法，是一种实用性很强的文体。 写法指导： 1时态：说明文的时态常用一般现在时。 2语言：语言要准确、简洁、周密。语言风格可以生动活泼，也可以平实简明，但必 须以准确为前提。 3结构：先对需要说明的对象做总的概括介绍，然后导入具体的说明，也就是在文章 开头提出需要说明的事物或观点，然后加以列举说明，使文章表达清晰、条理清楚、层次 分明。典型句式 First，second，third，at last. First，next，then，finally. Firstly/First of all/To begin with，.Secondly，.Besides，In addition，.Last but not least. 结尾常用表达：We can draw the conclusion that. In short/In brief/In a word. It seems clear that. We can know/learn that. 精品展示 运动有益于健康，但是在运动中我们很容易受伤。请你向学校英文报投稿，提几条有 关在运动中防止受伤的建议。 写作要点： 1运动有益于健康； 2运动中易受伤； 3在运动中防止受伤的建议； 4时态：一般时态为主。 注意： 1词数 100 左右； 2可以适当增加细节。_24_ _ _ _ _ _ 范文点评范文点评Exercising is a great way for us to keep fit and healthy，but there is also a risk of injury.However，if we follow some basic guidelines，we are sure to have an enjoyable and safe workout.Here_are_some_useful_tips. Firstly，before exercising just spend a few minutes getting warmed up，which_will_prepare_our_body_for_the_tough er_exercise_that_is_going_to_follow，and_help_us_go_for_a_longer_period_of_time_without_ _feeling_tired. Secondly，fitness wear is very important.The shoes we wear must be suited to the type of exercise that we are doing.And the clothes should be made out of fabric that absorbs sweat，like cotton.Besides，they should be neither too tight nor too loose. Finally，to prevent injuries，not_only_should_we_use_some_safety_ equipment，such_as_helmets_for_biking_and_skat ing，but_also_we_should_avoid_taking_something _sharp_with_us，such_as_keys_and_watches. In_short，only if we are fully aware of the safety tips can we avoid injuries when exercising.连词使用准确，过渡自然。开门见山，导入主题。 Firstly，Secondly，Fina lly，In short 叙述条理清楚。which 引导非限制性定语从 句，其中又有 that 引导的定 语从句，凸显作者的语言功 底。 Besides 使用优美。not only.but also. 句式的使用更加体现了本文 的亮点作文仿写 假设你叫李华，你有一个澳大利亚同学 John，他曾在中国学习过半年，现已回国。最 近他听说你校开设了急救课，于是来信想询问一些情况，并向你请教关于一级烧伤的急救 知识。请根据以下要点给他写一封回信： 1开设急救课的原因； 2一级烧伤急救知识； 3邀请 John 再到中国学习。 注意： 1词数 100 左右； 2信的开头与结尾已给出； 3可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。25Dear John， I am glad to receive your letter，and now I'll tell you something about the first aid course in our school and some suggestions about first degree burns. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Best wishes， Yours，Li Hua 答案： Dear_John， I_am_glad_to_receive_your_letter，and_now_I'll_tell_you_something_about_the_first_aid_course_in_our_school_and_some_suggestions_abo ut_first_degree_burns. The first aid course is a necessary part of our education and will make us more useful members of our society.If we have learnt about first aid，we can help someone who has had an accident，and even can save someone's life one day.The suggestions about first degree burns are as follows.Cool the burned area at once.Place the affected area under cold running water，but don't apply cold water for too long a time.You'd better go to hospital if the affected area is still painful. The first aid course is very interesting and useful.It gives us information about many situations，and also gives us a chance to practise first aid treatment.Would you like to come here to study again? We are all looking forward to it. Best_wishes， Yours，Li_Hua 课后演练 强基提能 A 组 基础过关 .单句语法填空 在每句空白处填上合适的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 1When _(chat) on the MSN，some people often use“88” for “goodbye” 2Don't take anything away.Father likes everything to be _ place. 3Parents are always trying their best to prevent their children _ being hurt. 4She sticks _ what she said in yesterday's meeting and nobody can change her mind. 5In the face of failure，it is vital _ we should keep up a good 26state of mind. 6_ is reported in the newspaper，talks between the two countries are making progress. 7Where you live can make such _ difference to the way you feel. 8My parents still treat me _ a child. 9His project is concerned with applying the technology _ practical business problems. 10There's surely some doubt _ we can control pollutions. 答案：1.chatting 2.in 3.from 4.to 5.that 6.As 7.a 8.like/as 9.to 10.whether .选用短语或句式的适当形式填空make a difference；apply for；a knowledge of；There is no doubt that.；apply.to；cut off；treat.as；put one's hands on；a number of；pour down1We should not only know the theory but also how to _ it _ practise. 2With so many people communicating in English every day，we can see that it will be more and more important to acquire _ English. 3_ smoking can seriously damage our health.This has already been proved true. 4Your support will certainly _ in our work.We are looking forward to your help. 5I wasn't good enough to _ the position，but I got it anyhow. 6English has hurt me a thousand times，but I still _ it _ my first love. 7Tom was eager to read；he read every book he could _ 8My aunt _ a small piece of bread and gave it to me. 9When she heard the news，tears _ her face. 10I'm too busy；I have _ important things to do today. 答案：1.apply to 2.a knowledge of 3.There is no doubt that 4.make a difference 5.apply for 6.treat as 7.put his hands on 8.cut off 9.poured down 10.a number of .根据汉语提示完成句子 1If possible，learn how to _(实施急救)just in case someone suddenly _(生病)or _(受伤) 2_(我们可以想象到)，we may get burned by _(各种各样的东西)，such as hot liquids and steam. 3I've told you _(再三)to_(把绷带固定在适当 位置)with tape. 4The plane _(起飞)late again，which _ (让他感到难以忍 受) 5It _(挤出更多的时间是重要的)to do what you want. 答案：1.do/give/offer/perform first aid falls ill gets injured272As we can imagine a variety of things 3over and over again hold the bandage in place 4took off made him feel unbearable 5is vital to squeeze out more time B 组 能力提升 .阅读理解 阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项。 Thrift stores are a refuge(避难所)for countless items from landing in