初中英语语法几大基本时态讲与练（4）.doc

初中英语语法几初中英语语法几大基本时态讲与练（大基本时态讲与练（4 4）一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态以及计划、打算做某事。E.g. They will have a football match tomorrow. He will be thirty next week. She is going to buy a coat this afternoon.其结构有如下几种: 1)will + 动词原形(will 可以用于任何人称) 需要注意的是当主 语是第一人称时 will 可以换成 shall,特别是在以 I 或 we 作主语的问句中,一般用 shall. e.g. Shall we go to the zoo? 2)be going to +动词原形 3)现在进行时也可表示将来,前边已 经讲过,这里不在重复.第一种结构的句式变化是: 变否定句在 will 后边加 not. 变一般疑问句把 will 提前. e.g. She will be back in three days. She will not be back in three days. Will She be back in three days? 第二种结构的句式变化要在 be 上做文章. E.g. They are going to clean their classroom. They are not going to clean their classroom. Are they going to clean their classroom?其时间状语有如下几种 1）this 引导的短语 如 this year 2）tomorrow 及其相关短 语如 tomorrow morning 3）next 引导的短语 如 next month 4) from now on ; in the future ; in an hour 等。学生常见错误如下：学生常见错误如下：一、易忽视动词用原形形式一、易忽视动词用原形形式例：1 He will is (be) at school next Monday.2 He is going to does (do) his homework after school.答案：1 be 2 do解析：第一题有的同学一看 he 做主语就用了 is，忽视了 will 后应加动词原形。我 们在写句子时，很容易把动词丢掉， “英语句子里，动词不能少”的规律必须要牢记。第 二题中 to 后加动词原形，而不是用单三人称.。二、二、be going to +动词原形与动词原形与 will+动词原形用法不清楚动词原形用法不清楚例：我正努力学习，准备参加英语考试。I am studying hard and I will try for my English exams.答案：I am studying hard and I am going to try for my English exams.解析：“be going to” 表示计划、打算要做某事。E.g. He is going to visit his friends. 还表示某种迹象表明会发生某事.e.g. Look at the clouds. Its going to rain. 而“Will+动词 原形 ”指对将来事物的预见、表示意愿、决心。E.g. I will wait for you until you come. 在单纯预测未来时，二者可以互换，但在此题中只能用 be going to，而不能用 will。自主检测：自主检测：（一） 、 单选1 _you _a doctor when you grow up?A Will; going to be B Are; going to be C Are; / D Will; be2 I dont know if his uncle _. I think he _ if it doesnt rain.A will come; comes B will come; will come C comes; comes D comes; will come3 He will be back _a few minutes.A with B for C on D in4 What time _we meet at the gate tomorrow?A will B shall C do D are5 He will have a holiday as soon as he _the work next week.A finishes B doesnt finish C will finish D wont finish6 There _some showers this afternoon.A will be B will have C is going to be D are going to have7 It _my brothers birthday tomorrow. She _a party.A is going to be; will have B will be; is having C will be; is going to have D will have; is going to be8 Li Ming is 10 years old now, next year he _11.A is B is going to be C will be D will to be答案：1 B 2B 3 D 4 B 5A 6A 7 C 8 C（二） 、 填空1 -“I need some paper.”- “I _(bring)some for you.”2_(be)you free tomorrow?3 They _(not leave) until you come back.4 _we_(go) to the party together this afternoon?5 They want to know when the meeting _start.6 I _(go) with you if I have time.7 Hurry up! Or we _(be) late.8What _you _(do) tomorrow afternoon?9 Jenny _ _ (do) an experiment the day after tomorrow.10 If she isnt free tomorrow, she _(not take) part in the party.答案： 1 will bring 2 Are 3 wont leave 4Shall go 5 will 6 will go7 will be 8 are going to do 9 will do 10 wont take三、三、 There be 结构的一般将来时易出错结构的一般将来时易出错例：There_ a basketball match this afternoon. (B)A is going to be B is going to have C are going to be D are going to have答案：A解析：There be 结构的一般将来时既要符合 There be 结构，又要符合一般将来时。 有的同学认为 have 当“有”讲，所以选了 B，但 There be 结构就不成立了，此句中 is 是 be going to 中的，是由后边的单数名词决定的.四、四、 be going to 结构中易丢掉结构中易丢掉 to例：Im going _(go) school by bike tomorrow. (C)A to will go B to go to C go to D to go答案：B解析：由 tomorrow 可知是一般将来时，be going to +动词原形，所以先确定用 to go , 在 B、 D 当中选，而 go to school 是固定词组，不能因为前边有一个 to 而省略， 这是一个易错点，需要注意。另外，在时间状语或条件状语从句中，若主句用了将来时，从句则用一般现在时， 前边已经讲过,这里不在重复.