2019年度福建-中考.英语题型专项复习计划阅读理解真命题剖析.doc

福建真题剖析类型一 选择型阅读理解第一节 阅读下面 A、B、C、D 四篇短文，根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。AMy interest in cooking started when I was 11, partly thanks to my mother. She didn't really like cooking and when she did cook, I didn't like her food. Once I was watching something about cooking on TV and I thought I could do this, so I went to the bookstore and looked for the biggest cookbook I could find.During a year, I had produced most of its recipes(食谱) and was ready for a bigger challenge(挑战). I wanted to create my own dishes and I started cooking for more people than just my family. To my joy, my parents allowed me to build a test kitchen. I did much cooking to test my dishes in it and my skill improved quickly. Later, my mom and I set up a dinner club that organized monthly events inside my home. Now as a teen chef(主厨), I have also cooked in top­class restaurants around the country. I am not doing it for the money, but because I love cooking.Now I know that when you stop caring whether you'll be famous or do well, yourdream will come to you.46The writer is now Aa TV starBa news reporterCa well­known booksellerDa good chef47What made the writer begin to cook?AHis parents' wish.BThe customers' advice.CHis mother's delicious food.DThe information about cooking on TV.48After producing most of the recipes in the cookbook, the writer wanted to Atake cooking lessonsBwrite his cookbookCmake new dishes of his ownDopen a restaurant49The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to(指代)“ ”Athe bookstore Ba test kitchenCa dinner clubDthe country50What is important for the writer?AFinding a good job.BMaking lots of money.CDoing what he loves.DBecoming famous.【答案及解析】 46D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Now as a teen chef (主厨), I have also cooked in top­class restaurants around the country. I am not doing it for the money，but because I love cooking.”可知，现在作为一名青少年厨师，作者也在全国顶级餐馆里做过饭，但是作者不是为了钱而做，而是因为喜欢烹饪。因此作者现在应是一名好厨师，故选 D。47D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Once I was watching something about cooking on TV and I thought I could do this, so I went to the bookstore and looked for the biggest cookbook I could find.”可知，有一次，作者正在看电视上的烹饪，作者认为他也能做到这一点，所以他去书店寻找他能找到的最大的烹饪书。因此作者应是通过看电视才开始烹饪的，故选 D。48C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“During a year, I had produced most of its recipes(食谱)and was ready for a bigger challenge(挑战). I wanted to create my own dishes and I started cooking for more people than just my family.”可知，在一年的时间里，作者制作了大部分的食谱，并准备迎接更大的挑战，他想自己做菜，也开始为更多的人做饭，而不仅仅是他的家人。因此作者在试过烹饪书中大部分的食谱之后，想要自己制作新的菜肴。故选 C。49B 词义猜测题。根据前一句“To my joy, my parents allowed me to build a test kitchen. I did much cooking to test my dishes in it and my skill improved quickly.”可知，令作者高兴的是，他的父母允许他建造一个测试厨房，他做了很多菜来测试，因此他的技能很快就提高了。由此可推测，it 指的是一个试验厨房，故选 B。50C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Now as a teen chef (主厨), I have also cooked in top­class restaurants around the country. I am not doing it for the money，but because I love cooking.”可知，现在作为一名青少年厨师，作者也在全国顶级餐馆里做过饭，但是作者不是为了钱而做，而是因为喜欢烹饪。再根据最后一段中的“Now I know that when you stop caring whether you'll be famous or do well, your dream will come to you.”可知，现在作者知道当他不再关心他是否会出名或做得好时，他的梦想就会降临到他身上。因此，做他喜欢做的事情很重要。故选 C。BJackie is writing a summary(总结) and feedback about School Day to his teacher.51The text is written to Agive a reportBhave School DayCcollect opinions from visitorsDhold a meeting with teachers52What were sold in Tina's group?ASchool postcards.BChinese paintings.CRecycling bags.DHomemade snacks.53How did the visitors feel about the activities?ADisappointed. BSatisfied.CWorried. DSurprised.54How many students like the recycling bags according to the feedback?A50. B25. C15. D10.55Which of the following is TRUE about the activities?ANick was the leader of Group 1.BTwenty­four students offered their feedback.CThe postcards were cheap.DStudent helpers who did well can get prizes.【答案及解析】 51A 细节理解题。根据“Jackie is writing a summary(总结) and feedback about School Day to his teacher.”可知，Jackie 正在写关于学校生活的总结和反馈。因此本文章是一篇报告，故选 A。52B 细节理解题。根据第二组里的“Chinese paintings(Leader: Tina)”可知Tina 小组卖中国画，故选 B。53B 细节理解题。根据“Opinions from 100 students have been collected. Most students thought the activities were good. However, some students thought the prices of the school postcards were a little too high.”可知，已经收集了 100 名学生的意见，而大多数学生认为这些活动很好，因此他们是满意的，故选 B。54A 细节理解题。根据“Opinions from 100 students have been collected.”可知收集了 100 名学生的意见，再结合柱状图可看出 recycling bags 占 50%，所以50 名学生喜欢收集袋子，故选 A。55D 细节理解题。根据 “Have a meeting with the headmaster about prizes for excellent student helpers.”可知与校长就优秀学生助手的奖金问题举行会议，因此做得好的学生助手可以得到奖品，故选 D。CBirth orderdoes it matter? Are you different because you are the first, second, or third child in your familyor maybe the last of nine?A study found that first­borns have an average(平均的)IQ that is three points higher than people who fall into a different place in the birth order, perhaps because first­borns often help younger brothers and sisters, which improves their own skills. In 2007, an international organization of CEOs found that 43% of CEOs are first­borns, 33% are middle children, and 23% are last­borns. First­borns are more likely(可能的) to be doctors and astronauts and get higher pay.If first­borns are more successful, last­borns are generally more agreeable. They are also more likely to be funny, possibly to get attention from all the bigger people at the dinner table. Mark Twain and Stephen Colbert were both the youngest in large families, and Jim Carrey was the youngest of four. According to a 2007 Time magazine article, “The Power of Birth Order，” last­borns are more likely to be artists and successful businessmen.Then there are the middle children; we have not ignored(忽视) them! Many middle children are short of one­on­one time with their parents. They often feel short­changed: the oldest gets more rights, and the youngest is “spoiled(宠坏)” Though they may be ignored, middle children are more likely to grow into easygoing adults.Many factors(因素) make us who we are, but if the research is correct, birth order may be one of the most important factors.56Who is most likely to be a CEO?AA first­born. BA second­born.CA third­born. DA last­born.57What can we learn about Jim Carrey?AHe was likely to be given low pay.BHe was likely to be agreeable.CHe was a first­born.DHe was a middle child.58What does the underlined word“short­changed”in Paragraph 4 probably mean in Chinese?A受亏待的 B受控制的C受宠爱的 D受欢迎的59We can learn from the research that birth order Ahas no influence on IQBmatters a lot at the dinner tableCmay decide who we areDis a factor in making us powerful60What would be the best title for the text?AWhere Is Your Place in the Family?BWho Improves Your Social Skills?CWhat Makes You Successful in Life?DHow Can You Grow into a Big Man?【答案及解析】 56A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 43% of CEOs are first­borns 可知 43%的CEO 是家庭当中第一个出生的孩子，故答案选 A。57B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If first­borns are more successful, last­borns are generally more agreeable. They are also more likely to be funny, possibly to get attention from all the bigger people at the dinner table. Mark Twain and Stephen Colbert were both the youngest in large families, and Jim Carrey was the youngest of four.”可知，如果第一批出生的人更成功，那么最后的孩子通常更容易相处，他们也更可能滑稽，可能会引起餐桌上所有年长的人的注意。Mark Twain 和 Stephen Colbert 都是大家庭中最年轻的，而 Jim Carrey 也是四个当中最小的，因此 Jim Carrey 可能是最容易相处的，故答案选 B。58A 词义猜测题。根据后面的“ the oldest gets more rights, and the youngest is spoiled(宠坏的). Though they may be ignored, middle children are more likely to grow into easygoing adults.”可知，最大的人得到更多的权利，最年轻的人被宠坏了，虽然他们可能被忽视，但中间的孩子更容易成长为随和的成年人。因此short­changed 应该是被忽视，即被亏待的 ，故答案选 A。59C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的 Many factors(因素)make us who we are, but if the research is correct, birth order may be one of the most important factors.“可知，许多因素决定我们成为什么样的人，但如果研究正确，出生顺序可能是最重要的因素之一。因此出生顺序可能决定我们将成为什么样的人，故答案选C。60A 标题归纳题。根据文中的第一段“Birth orderdoes it matter? Are you different because you are the first, second, or third child in your familyor maybe the last of nine？”可知，出生顺序有关系吗？你是不是因为你是家里的第一个、第二个或第三个孩子而不同呢？或者还是九个孩子中的最后一个？再根据后面文章描述，可知本文主要讲述在家庭中的位置，故答案选 A。D(2018·福建中考 A 卷)Many Chinese people will wonder what presents to get for their moms on Mother's Day, but not many know Mother's Day is actually a festival from overseas.Mother's Day originated(起源) in America during the early 20th century. The festival spread to China as early as the 1980s and was widely accepted.Why did a foreign festival become popular in China? In fact, Chinese traditional culture has always encouraged filial(孝顺的) devotion to parents. There are many stories which show filial respect in ancient China. For example, the story of “Taste Liquid(液体的) Medicine for Mother” tells us the filial virtue(美德) of Emperor Wen of the Western Han dynasty. His mother had been sick for three years. He often stayed up by her bedside and cared for her day and night. He tasted the liquid medicine first before she drank it. Also, mother love is a repeated subject in Chinese ancient poems, like “Song of the Parting Son” by Meng Jiao, a poet of the Tang dynasty. Now this poem is still a must in the school textbooks. Children in China are brought up with the education of filial devotion.On special days, people often use roses or forget­me­nots to express love. Carnations are considered as the perfect flowers for mothers around the world, but few know that China has its own flower for mothersthe tiger lily.Love for mothers can have different ways of expression. What matters most is love, not the festival itself. What mothers truly want is perhaps just a simple expression of love from their children.61When did Mother's Day spread to China?AIn the 1920s.BIn the 1980s.CIn the Western Han dynasty.DIn the Tang dynasty.62What is the poem of “Song of the Parting Son” mainly about?AThe filial virtue of Emperor Wen.BCaring for the old.CTraditional Chinese medicine.DA mother's love for her son.63Mother's Day is popular in China mainly because of Aits wide spread in many countriesBour ancient stories of respecting parentsCour traditional cultural valuesDits simple way of expressing love64What is regarded as the Chinese own flower for a mother?65What a mother truly wants on Mother's Day may be Aa big dinnerBa celebration partyCgreetings of the festivalDexpensive presents【答案及解析】 61B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The festival spread to China as early as the 1980s and was widely accepted.”可知被传到中国并广泛被人们所接受大约在 20世纪 80 年代，故答案为 B。62D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Also, mother love is a repeated subject in Chinese ancient poems，like Song of the Parting Son'by Meng Jiao，a poet of the Tang Dynasty”可知，游子吟讲的是母亲对儿子的爱，故答案为 D。63C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Why did a foreign festival become popular in China? In fact，Chinese traditional culture has always encouraged filial(子女的) devotion to parents”可推断，母亲节在中国受欢迎是因为它正好和我们传统文化中的孝道一致，故答案为 C。64D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“.few know that China has its own flower for mothersthe tiger lily.”可知答案为 D。65C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“What mothers truly want is perhaps just a simple expression of love from their children.”可知答案为 C。(2018·福建中考 B 卷)Natural scenes often become the themes of poetry. Poets watch nature closely and present(呈现) its beauty in their poems. For example, poets may describe natural scenes such as a spring day or a snowy day. Besides, poets often express their feelings about nature by creating lively images(形象) in poems.With images, poets can describe the details(细节) of something colorfully and clearly. Readers, on the other hand, can connect their own experiences with the images in the poems so that they can share the poets' ideas. Now let's read the poem “Who Has Seen the Wind？”When we read the lines “When the leaves hang trembling” and “When the trees bow down their heads，”they remind us of a windy day. The poet successfully creates an image of the wind by describing details of the scene. These help readers think of the moment when the wind passes by. We might even bow our own heads, imagining that we are the trees. In the poem “Night，” Blake describes many details of a night scene. People know very well what they can see at night, like stars or the moon. However, Blake sees more than just the moon itself; he sees the moon as a flower, smiling at us from up in the sky. So the moon is really compared to a flower and personified(拟人化) as a smiling person. 61What's the purpose of writing Paragraph 1?ATo have an argument.BTo have a discussion.CTo give an introduction.DTo give a suggestion.62Which picture best describes the underlined part in the poem “Who Has Seen the Wind”？63 sits and smiles on the night in the poem “Night”AThe sun BThe starCThe bird DThe moon64What do the two poems have in common?Seeing natural scenes as humans.Using imagination.Praising the same natural scene.Describing details of the scenes.Creating images by hearing and touching.A BC D65How does the writer present the text to us?ABy giving examples.BBy making comparisons.CBy using personifications.DBy asking questions.【答案及解析】 61C 写作意图题。根据第一段中的“Natural scenes often become the themes of poetry. Poets watch nature closely and present(呈现) its beauty in their poems.”可知，自然景物往往成为诗歌的主题，诗人密切注视自然，在诗歌中呈现它的美。因此第一段主要是做一个介绍，故选 C。62B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When we read the lines When the leaves hang trembling and When the trees bow down their heads， they remind us of a windy day”可知，当我们阅读诗句“当树叶飘动”和“当树垂下它们的头”时，它们提醒我们是刮风的一天，故选 B。63D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二句中的“he sees the moon as a flower, smiling at us from up in the sky”可知，他把月亮看作一朵花，从天上向我们微笑，因此在诗“夜”中月亮在晚上坐着微笑。选 D。64C 细节理解题。根据第三段 中的“When we read the lines When the leaves hang trembling' and When the trees bow down their heads，' they remind us of a windy day”可知，当我们阅读诗句“当树叶飘动”和“当树垂下它们的头”时，它们提醒我们刮风的一天；再根据最后一段中的“he sees the moon as a flower, smiling at us from up in the sky”可知，他把月亮看作一朵花，从天上向我们微笑。以人的身份看到自然景色；使用了想象；称赞同一自然场景；描述景色的细节；通过听觉和触觉创造想象。不是两首诗的共同点，因此正确，选 C。65A 细节理解题。A 项为举例说明；B 项通过比较；C 项通过使用拟人 D项通过提问。作者列举了“Who Has Seen the Wind”(谁曾见过风？)和“Night”(夜)两首诗分享自然美景和作者的思想，应该是通过举例说明，选A。类型二 还原型阅读理解第二节 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。E(2018·福建中考 A 卷)We should not use more water than we actually need. If we do, we will not have enough water in the future. 66 It is not a difficult question to answer. If we remove more fresh water than nature replaces, we have taken too much.Many cities run campaigns(运动) to get people to stop wasting water. They show them ways they can cut back on water use. 67 What's more, they carry out programs that offer money to reduce water use. For example, they give people shower heads and toilets that use less water. 68 Another threat(威胁) to our water supply is pollution. When our sources of fresh water get polluted, we can no longer use this water. This also endangers(危及) the animals that depend on the water.69 We can save lots of water by not letting taps(水龙头) run while we brush our teeth or by turning off taps right after washing hands. By collecting cold w