2019年度高考'英语(全国通用版-)提分练考前冲刺卷含答案解析.doc

''考前冲刺卷考前冲刺卷(一一)第一部分 听力(略)第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分)第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ANational Theatre Backstage ToursThe National Theatre is a working building，producing over 20 new productions every year.Preparations for the shows all happen on site.No two tours are ever the same，so come and see whats happening behind the scenes today.SchedulesRunning Time：75 minutesTours run MondaySaturday，exploring the unseen areas of the theatre and stepping into the backstage world.TicketsIndividuals：10Entry Pass Members：5(not available to book onlineplease email toursnationaltheatre.org.uk to book)Groups of 8 or more：8.75 each(not available to book onlineplease email toursnationaltheatre.org.uk to book)AccessFor those unable to hear well (including hearing aid users)，the Contego system，an easy­to­use wireless listening device(装置)，is now available for use on Backstage Tours.Please inform us at the time of booking if you would like to use the Contego system，or if you have any additional access requirements.For further information on tour times，availability and group bookings，email toursnationaltheatre.org.uk.Comments''See what people think of theatre tours at the NT below：LucyLucyscampmediaReally enjoyed myself this morning！Funny，easy­going and some interesting facts.GeorgeGeorgegeorgenewsomeReally enjoyed the backstage tour of National Theatre today.Very interesting，highly recommend.EllsEllsEllieTidyxoHad such an amazing time at National Theatre today.Amazing to see how much work is done behind the scenes.AliceAliceNationalTheatreLondon has the best sights.Thank you！Outdoor sights in London are my favorites.A little bit boring to experience the backstage.语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了英国国家剧院后台游览的时间、票价和评论等相关信息，旨在吸引更多游客前往参观。1How much will a group of 10 tourists pay to explore the backstage?A50. B80.C87.5. D100.答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据 Tickets 部分中的“Groups of 8 or more：8.75 each”可知，10 人团队的总票价为 87.5 英镑。故选 C。2What does the National Theatre do for Backstage Tours?AKeep it open to tourists every day.BAllow online bookings by entry pass.COffer listening systems to the disabled.DPresent a 75­minute show to tourists.答案 C''解析 细节理解题。根据 Access 部分中提到的“For those unable to hear well (including hearing aid users)，the Contego system，an easy­to­use wireless listening device(装置)，is now available for use on Backstage Tours.”可知，C 选项表述的为残疾人提供助听系统与原文信息一致。故选 C。3Who might feel disappointed at Backstage Tours?ALucy. BGeorge.CElls. DAlice.答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据 Comments 部分中 Alice 的评论“A little bit boring to experience the backstage.”可知，Alice 对剧院后台游览略感失望。故选 D。BGolden eagle population in the UK is set to increase as some chicks are reintroduced to the north of England.Ten birds will be released(释放) from south of Edinburgh in summer 2018，with the hope of bringing the species back from disappearing in England.More eagles will be released in the summertime of the next five years.The project received 1.3 million of lottery funding in March and has now been awarded a further 150,000 to employ workers to run the operation.Project manager Cat Barlow said， “This is a really exciting time as the project is now starting to happen and we will soon start to see its benefits.Work will start next summer，when we will collect a number of golden eagle chicks in the Highlands and bring them south to be reared and released from an already selected place.”The birds will be released with statellite trackingtags that will allow the scientists to gather information about their behavior and find if they suddenly go offline.Recently，golden eagles have died out in England as the last known individual is believed to have died.Due to the popularity of shooting birds of prey(食肉猛禽)，those birds in the wild struggle to survive.Main causes of death are systematic poisoning，shooting and nest disturbance by gamekeepers.It is hoped that the newly released birds will move further south in search of new living areas and food supplies.The project expects to see the number of wild birds in Scotland and England increase as the range of the animals develops.While the birds were gone in England，in the Highlands of Scotland the number of golden eagles rocketed.With up to 500 breeding pairs，the ''chicks will be sourced from here.It is hoped that golden eagles may finally return to the north of England，and if all goes well，numbers should grow steadily.语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。为增加英国金雕的数量，在 2018 年夏季，10 只金雕将在爱丁堡南部被放生。4Why will some golden eagles be set free from south of Edinburgh?ATo keep the balance of nature.BTo prevent golden eagles from dying out.CTo bring back the number of other species.DTo encourage more birds to live in the wild.答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，把金雕放归大自然是为了避免这一物种的灭绝。故答案为 B。5Which word can replace the underlined word “reared” in Paragraph 2?ARaised. BStored.CSold. DExhibited.答案 A解析 词义猜测题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲为增加英国金雕的数量，在 2018 年夏季，10 只金雕将在爱丁堡南部被放生。再根据第二段中的“when we will collect a number of golden eagle chicks.released from an already selected place”可知，这个项目的工作人员将在高地收集很多雏金雕，并将它们带到南方养大，然后在一个已经选好的地方将它们放生。故可推断出 reared 相当于 raised“饲养” 。6What does Paragraph 4 focus on?AHarmful effects of shooting birds.BWhy animal hunting should be forbidden.CReasons for golden eagles dying out.DThe difficult situation golden eagles face.答案 C解析 段落大意题。根据第四段中的“Recently，golden eagles have died out” “Due to”''“Main causes of death”可知，本段主要讲的是金雕灭绝的原因。故选 C。7What is the authors attitude towards the golden eagle project?AAmbiguous. BCautious.CDoubtful. DHopeful.答案 D解析 观点态度题。根据文章最后一段的内容特别是“increase” “rocketed” “return to”“grow steadily”等词可知，作者对金雕保护项目充满希望。故选 D。C“If you take care of the birds，you take care of most of the environmental problems in the world.”Thats what Thomas Lovejoy，a well­known biologist，says.He helped introduce the term “biological diversity” to the world.And he long ago predicted that by early in the 21st century，the Earth would start losing a surprising number of speciesa prediction，unfortunately，which is turning out to be spot­on.We were taken with what Lovejoy said about birds and decided to use it as a launch pad(跳板) for marking 2018 as the Year of the Bird by National Geographic.Hopefully，this will help raise peoples awareness of this problem.In this 12­month multiplatform exploration，well examine how our changing environment is leading to great losses among bird species around the globe.And just as important，well record what we can do about it.At National Geographic weve been looking at the planets health from a birds­eye view for a long time.This magazine has featured birds on its cover more often than it has featured other popular creaturesat least 30 times,13 times compared with apes.And the National Geographic Society has awarded hundreds of funds(资金) for the scientific study of birds.In 2018，well take our coverage of topics affecting birds to a new level.In this issue(期) we launch a year of storytelling with “Why Birds Matter” ，an essay by best­selling author Jonathan Franzen.Its paired with remarkable photographs of birds created by National Geographic photographer Joel Sartore.Why is National Geographic focusing so much attention on birds？Thats just another way of asking，as Franzen does.Why do birds matter？Among his fluent answers：“They are our last，best connection to a natural world that is otherwise moving gradually away from us.”''语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。美国国家地理杂志 2018 年持续关注鸟类赖以生存的环境，希望以此唤起人类保护鸟类的意识及对人与自然和谐发展的反思。8What does the underlined word “spot­on” mean in Paragraph 2?ASuccessful. BTrue.CAbsurd. DUncertain.答案 B解析 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“And he long ago predicted that by early in the 21st century，the Earth would start losing a surprising number of species”可知，生物学家 Thomas Lovejoy 曾预言，到 21 世纪初，将会有惊人数量的物种开始从地球上消失；根据“a prediction，unfortunately”和第三段中的“our changing environment is leading to great losses among bird species”可知，他的预言成了现实。故选 B。9Why is the year 2018 called the Year of the Bird?ATo introduce a wide diversity of birds.BTo show concern over birds disappearance.CTo draw public attention to shrinking bird species.DTo examine the environmental influences on birds.答案 C解析 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可知，此举的目的是引起人们对鸟类数量锐减这一问题的关注。注意：this problem 指的是上文提到的鸟类数量急剧减少的问题。故选 C。10What can we know about National Geographic?AIt focuses more on birds than other creatures.BIt offers sums of money to research on birds.CIts the last connection between man and nature.DIts popular with famous biologists and authors.答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，与其他受欢迎的生物如类人猿相比， 国家地理在其封面上更关注鸟类。故选 A。''11What is the best title for the text?AThis Is Why Birds Are Key to ConservationBBirds Play a Key Role in the Natural WorldCBiologists Devote Themselves to Bird ProtectionDIt Is High Time to Take Care of the Environmental Problems答案 A解析 标题归纳题。全文讲述了鸟类多样性存在的重要性，深入探讨了国家地理杂志对鸟类问题的关注以及重点保护鸟类的原因。第一段开篇点题，最后两段中分别提及的“Why Birds Matter” “Why do birds matter？”进一步说明了文章的主旨。故选 A。DSome of the questions you ask your human resources(HR)(人力资源) department could soon be answered by，well，non­humans.Thats the concept behind Talla, a Boston­area start­up that has developed a chatbot(一种聊天程序) to do some of the tasks that HR departments carry out，including explaining company policy，surveying employees，collecting information or training new hires.The Talla bot operates inside enterprise group messaging software，such as Slack，HipChat or Microsoft Teams，which has increasingly become an alternative to email as a method of digital communication within companies.Some 1,200 companies have brought in Talla，about a quarter of whom use the service regularly，said Tallas founder Rob May.Robots promise to be a violent force in the global economy.Some scientists expect they will undoubtedly replace low­wage workers，such as drivers and factory labor.As artificial intelligence continues to become more developed，robots may eventually do work instead of humans in many fields.Already，bots are being employed in fields as varied as law，journalism，medicine and engineering.Does that mean HR will depend only on bots？Maybe，but not for several decades，predicts May.In fact，he says the introduction of chatbots to HR allows the human staff to focus on tasks that require a greater degree of intellect.“Whats actually going to happen is that youre going to allow the HR department to be more human by automating(使自动化) a lot of their repeated work， ”he said.“HR spends a lot of time doing these low­level，monotonous tasks， ”May continued.“What youll find is that more ''of the work that does not need communicating with other humans is the kind of work that will be automated.”语篇解读 本文属于科普说明文，主要介绍了罗布·梅的公司开发的聊天程序，它用来帮助人力资源部做那些重复性的、不需要与人交流的单调工作。12What do we know about chatbots?AThey can increase human staffs intelligence.BThey help companies advance their service.CThey are welcomed in many companies.DThey will get less and less human.答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Some 1,200 companies have brought in Talla.regularly”可知，Talla 开发的 chatbot 已被很多公司运用。13What will HR do according to May?AUse chatbots instead of robots.BCommunicate more with chatbots.CLet chatbots replace them completely soon.DFree themselves from less significant tasks.答案 D解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句和最后一段最后一句可知，罗布·梅认为人力资源部的那些任务难度相对小的、重复性的、不需要与人交流的、不太重要的工作会自动化，这样人力资源部的人就可以抽身去做其他更有意义的工作。故选 D。14What does the underlined word “monotonous” in the last paragraph probably mean?AHard. BBoring.CHopeless. DWorthless.答案 B解析 词义猜测题。本句前一句谈到通过自动化，人力资源部就无需再做那些重复性的工作。结合该段，由于是重复性的、无需与他人交流的工作，故可推知这些工作“单调乏味” 。故选 B 项。''15What does the text mainly focus on?AChatbots role and HR.BRobots and chatbots.CHRs heavy work.DChatbots future.答案 A解析 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了罗布·梅的公司开发的聊天程序 chatbot 运用到了人力资源部门，帮助做一些人力资源部门中单调乏味的工作。故选 A。第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Its absolutely a good opportunity to have an exchange student stay at your home. 16 After all，cultural differences really exist between her and your family.As a consequence，I would like to give you some advice which might help you in some way.17 Youd better relax yourself because foreigners dont like to communicate with those who dont speak out their real intention.I hear that you are a little nervous about accommodating(为提供住处) her but I personally think its really unnecessary.If you are too stressed，she will feel uneasy as well.Prepare your home for her arrival.Some necessary preparations should be made in advance in order to make her stay as comfortable as possible.For instance，her bedroom should be cleaned thoroughly and your clothes and shoes should be removed to make room for hers. 18 Hold a party to welcome her.In order to make her adapt to your home atmosphere as soon as possible，you can hold a welcoming party for her，inviting some of your friends and some other exchange students to your home. 19 Besides，you can know what she is like by means of it，too.Learn some Chinese traditional skills.China is a great country with a long history. 20 Thus，trying some of them，such as paper­cutting and calligraphy will possibly be a wonderful idea to her.If you have time，it is ''advisable to make her study some of them and I am convinced that she will fall in love with them.ABehave yourself as naturally as possible.BTry to communicate with her frequently.CShe will miss her family badly in a foreign country.DHowever，it is a bit challenging to accommodate her for you.EShe will surely forget her homesickness and enjoy the activity.FSome traditional skills of China appeal to foreigners a great deal.GOnly when she likes the environment will she enjoy staying here.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，就如何接待外国交换生提出了一些建议。16答案 D解析 根据空前和空后的内容可知，空处应该表示转折关系，描述接待外国交换生的不易。故 D 项符合语境。17答案 A解析 根据本段内容，尤其是“Youd better relax yourself”可知，本段主要讲述要以何种心态来对待外国交换生，即要尽可能让自己放松，故 A 项“尽可能自然地表现自己”最能概括本段内容。18答案 G解析 根据空前的内容，尤其是“make her stay as comfortable as possible”可知，本段建议要为交换生的到来做好准备，为其打造一个干净舒适的环境，G 项说明了这样做的原因，故符合语境。19答案 E解析 根据本段的小标题和空前的“you can hold a welcoming party for her”可知，本段建议为外国交换生举办一个欢迎会让其适应家中的氛围，E 项中的“the activity”就是指代欢迎会，且 E 项说明了举办欢迎会的好处。故 E 项符合语境。20答案 F解析 根据本段小标题 Learn some Chinese traditional skills 可知，本段建议让外国交换生学习一些中国传统技能，故 F 项符合语境。第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分)''第一节 (共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Just before my eighth grade year，my parents business failed and our house was taken.To our 21 ，we found a rented house and life began to feel normal again.I 22 the schools dance team and made it. 23 ，the cost of participating was more than my parents could 24 .I was heartbroken when I thought I might have to 25 the team for lack of money. 26 ，somehow my parents came up with just enough money to purchase the 27 uniform for me.The night of the first football game arrived.I was 28 all over in my new uniform，but on my feet were still 29 and dirty tennis shoes.Then came the time for us to line up to 30 down to the field and perform.We filed out one by one 31 our captain watched us.When she got to me，the look on her face 32 .“Oh，my God！” she shouted.“You are making us a