高考总复习限时规范训练(人教新课标)选修7unit1.pdf

第一部分选修 7Unit 1.完形填空(2016 安徽屯溪一中高三10 月月考)Lose-Win is weak.Its easy to get stepped on.Its easy to be the nice guy.Its easy to give in,all in the name of being a peacemaker.A girl named Jenny once told me about her _1_ in the world of Lose-Win during her eighth-grade year before she finally broke _2_：My _3_ with my mom all started one day _4_ she said to me sarcastically(讽刺地)“Wow,youre surely lively today.”I _5_ it so literally(字面地)that then and there I decided to close off from her and never _6_ back to her.So every time she would say something _7_ I disagreed with her I would just say,“Okay,_8_ you want,Mom.”But it really got cold quickly.And my _9_ began to build.One night I talked to my mom about the school homework and she said,“Oh,thats _10_”and then went back to mop the floor.“Dont you ever _11_？”I thought.But I didnt say anything and stormed off.She had no idea I was _12_ upset.She would have been willing to talk to me had I _13_ her how important it was to me.At last I just blew up.“Mom,this has got to _14_.You tell me everything you want me to do and I just do it because its _15 _ than if fighting.Well,Im sick of it.”This all came as a _16_ to her.After my blow up,we felt like we were _17_ all over in our relationship.But its getting better all the time.We discuss things now and I always _18_ my feelings with her.If you adopt Lose-Win as your basic _19_ towards life,then people will wipe their dirty feet on you.Youll also be _20_your true feelings deep inside.And thats not healthy.()1.A.disappointmentBwanderings ClessonsDhelplessness()2.A.outBdown CfreeDup()3.A.problems Brelationship CquarrelsDimprovement()4.A.asBsince CwhenDbefore()5.A.treatedBtook CreceivedDregarded()6.A.fightBstruggle CturnDtalk()7.A.as thoughBonly if CwhichDeven if()8.A.howeverBtoo much Cso muchDwhatever()9.A.coldnessBhope CdisagreementDanger()10.A.trueBimpossible CniceDimportant()11.A.seeBcare CsayDlisten()12.A.alsoBstill CalreadyDeven()13.A.warnedBtold CaskedDshown()14.A.endBchange ClastDstop()15.A.worseBmore CeasierDless()16.A.giftBsurprise Cpleasure Dharm()17.A.goingBthinking CstartingDreviewing()18.A.improveBhave CdiscussDshare()19.A.attitude Bmethod CwayDtheory()20.A.hidingBwaking CstoringDhurting【主旨大意】委曲求全是懦弱的表现，很容易被别人踩在脚下。作者介绍了一个小女孩给作者讲述的故事。小女孩上八年级时，有一次她妈妈说的话讽刺了她，而她没有反击，以免吵架。可是以后这种情况多了，小女孩就受不了了，终于在某一天爆发了。作者得出感悟：在人际交往中，不要委曲求全，这样容易伤害自己内心的情感。1【答案】B【解析】句意：一个叫詹妮的小女孩讲述了上八年级时她游走在委曲求全的世界里的经历。disappointment 意为“失望，沮丧”；wandering“漫游，闲逛”；lesson“课程，教训”；helplessness“无能为力”。2【答案】C【解析】句意：直到后来她才打破这种状态。break out 意为“爆发，发生”；break down“发生故障，(身体)垮掉”；break free“打破，推翻”；break up“解散，(关系)中断”。3【答案】A【解析】句意：我跟妈妈的矛盾始于一天。problem 意为“问题，矛盾”；relationship“关系”；quarrel“争吵”；improvement“改进，改善”。4【答案】C【解析】句意：那一天她满是讽刺地说：“哇，你今天真是太活跃了”。选when,引导定语从句，修饰one day。5【答案】B【解析】句意：我就照字面意思接受了(我很活跃)。就在那时那个地方，我决定把自己封闭起来，(无论妈妈说什么)永远不反驳。treat意为“对待，训练”；take“接受，拿”；receive“(客观上)收到”；regard“看作，看待”。6【答案】D【解析】句意：同上句。fight back 意为“回击，抵抗”；struggle back“挣扎着逃跑”；turn back“往回走，阻挡”；talk back“顶嘴，反驳”7【答案】D【解析】句意：所以每当她说一些事情，即使我不同意，我也会说：“好的，只要你喜欢，妈妈。”as though意为“好像”；only if“只要在 的时候”；even if“即使”。8【答案】D【解析】句意：同上句。however 意为“无论怎么样”；whatever 意为“无论什么”。9【答案】D【解析】句意：气氛会缓和下来。可是我的怒气在积累。coldness意为“寒冷，冷淡”；disagreement“不同意，不一致”；anger“生气，怒气”。10【答案】C【解析】句意：有一天，我跟妈妈谈论学校作业的事，她说：“非常好。”然后继续拖地。11【答案】B【解析】句意：我想：“难道你不关心(care)吗？”12【答案】D【解析】句意：我没说什么，愤然离开。她不知道我还在(even)生气。13【答案】B【解析】句意：如果我告诉她这件事对我来说是多么重要，她就会愿意和我谈谈了。该句考查虚拟语气，省略if，把 had提前。14【答案】B【解析】句意：我终于爆发了，说：“妈妈，事情需要转变一下。你让我去做你想让我做的一切，我也正是这样做的，因为相比吵架来说这更容易一些。好吧，我受够了。”15【答案】C【解析】句意：同上句。16【答案】B【解析】句意：妈妈看到我发脾气感到很惊讶。17【答案】C【解析】句意：我发完脾气之后，我们感觉我们正在重新开始。start 意为“开始”；review“回顾，检查”。18【答案】D【解析】句意：现在，我们经常讨论问题。我也经常和妈妈分享我的感受。improve 意为“提高，改善”；have“拥有”；discuss“讨论”；share“分享”。19【答案】A【解析】句意：如果你把委曲求全当作基本的生活态度的话，人们就会在你身上擦拭他们肮脏的脚。attitude 意为“态度”；method“方法”；way“方法，道路”；theory“理论”。20【答案】A【解析】句意：你也只能把你的真实情感深深地藏在心里。hide 意为“隐藏”；wake“叫醒，激发”；store“储藏”；hurt“伤害”。.阅读理解A(2015 江苏，B)In the United States alone,over 100 million cell-phones are thrown away each year.Cell-phones are part of a growing mountain of electronic waste like computers and personal digital assistants.The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster than traditional garbage as a whole.Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver.A Swiss study reported that while the weight of electronic goods represented by precious metals was relatively small in comparison to total waste,the concentration(含量)of gold and other precious metals was higher in so-called e-waste than in naturally occurring minerals.Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals.Even when the machines are recycled and the harmful metals removed,the recycling process often is carried out in poor countries,in practically uncontrolled ways which allow many poisonous substances to escape into the environment.Creating products out of raw materials creates much more waste material,up to 100 times more,than the material contained in the finished products.Consider again the cell-phone,and imagine the mines that produced those metals,the factories needed to make the box and packaging(包装)it came in.Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful as well.The U S.Environmental Protection Agency notes that most waste is dangerous in that“the production,distribution,and use of productsas well as management of the resulting wasteall result in greenhouse gas release.”Individuals can reduce their contribution by creating less waste at the start for instance,buying reusable products and recycling.In many countries the concept of extended producer responsibility is being considered or has been put in place as an incentive(动机)for reducing waste.If producers are required to take back packaging they use to sell their products,would they reduce the packaging in the first place?Governments incentive to require producers to take responsibility for the packaging they produce is usually based on money.Why,they ask,should cities or towns be responsible for paying to deal with the bubble wrap(气泡垫)that encased your television?From the governments point of view,a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and tax-payers back to the producers.()1.By mentioning the Swiss study,the author intends to tell us that _.Athe weight of e-goods is rather small Be-waste deserves to be made good use of Cnatural minerals contain more precious metals Dthe percentage of precious metals is heavy in e-waste()2.The responsibility of e-waste treatment should be extended _.Afrom producers to governments Bfrom governments to producers Cfrom individuals to distributors Dfrom distributors to governments()3.What does the passage mainly talk about?AThe increase in e-waste.BThe creation of e-waste.CThe seriousness of e-waste.DThe management of e-waste.【主旨大意】本文介绍了电子废弃物的回收再利用和政府采取的相关措施，指出了电子废弃物管理的重要转变方法 生产者延伸责任制度。1【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。文章第二段第一句“Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver.”是本段的主题句，指出电子产品中包含有价值的金属材料如黄金和白银，接着以瑞士的研究报道为例，说明电子废弃物里面的金属含量要比天然矿物质中的含量高，即可推断电子废弃物有回收利用的价值，故选B 项。2【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and tax-payers back to the producers.”可知电子废弃物处理的责任应该从政府和纳税人转移到生产者，故选B 项。3【答案】D【解析】主旨大意题。本文首先指出电子废弃物已经成为一个严重问题，客观分析了电子废弃物中其实包含一些有价值的金属材料。接着讲述了电子废弃物的合理利用以及政府采取的相关措施，主要围绕电子废弃物的管理方法展开讨论，故选D 项。B(2016 山东临沂高三10 月检测，A)One day I saw Harold,my neighbor,putting some metal sheets around the base of his tree where he kept his bird feeder(喂鸟器)I didnt understand why until another neighbor explained to me that Harold was trying to keep the squirrels(松鼠)from eating the bird food.By putting the metal sheets around the base,Harold thought the squirrels wouldnt be able to climb up the tree.The next morning,the food was gone.The following week Harold figured hed put the bird feeder on a string and hang it from the tip of one of the branches.I believe his thinking as that the squirrel couldnt go out to the edge of the branch because the branch wouldnt support the weight thereby(因此)not allowing the squirrel to get to the feeder.Next day,you got it,the food was gone,too.I felt sorry for Harold.Although Harold was stronger and smarter than the squirrel,he lacked the one quality that would guarantee him victory-focus.You see Harold thinks about ways of preventing the squirrel from getting the food on occasion,when he has time.The squirrel,on the other hand has its mind on getting that food 24 hours a day.The squirrels survival depends on it.Survival brings about,not just focus but an intense focus on solving a problem by removing an obstacle.Success is not about who is stronger.Success is not about who has a better GPA(平均分数)Success is about who is more focused and committed to achieving their objectives.You,the reader,can compete with any person no matter who they may be.The only thing you have to do is commit yourself to focusing on the very subject that interests you.()4.Harold was worried because the squirrel _.Aate his bird food Bhurt many of his birds Ccould climb the tree quickly Dreached the end of the branches()5.What made the squirrel succeed according to the passage?AIts cleverness.BIts fixed attention.CIts strength.DIts very survival.()6.What does the writer advise you to do if you want to succeed?ATo be brave enough to compete with others.BTo try to keep your body healthy.CTo work much harder than others.DTo put your heart into what interests you.【主旨大意】作者的邻居Harold 采用了多种方式来防止松鼠抢走鸟食，可是都没有成功。作者通过分析其中的原因使我们明白了一个道理：集中注意力并全身心的投入是取得成功的重要因素。4【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中间的“The next morning,the food was gone”可知，Harold采取的措施并没有什么效果，因此他很担心松鼠偷吃鸟食。5【答案】B【解析】事实细节题。根据第二段后半部分的“The squirrel had its mind on getting that food 24 hours a daynot just focus but an intense focus”可知，松鼠成功是因为它持续的、专注的注意力。6【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一句中的“commit yourself to focusing on the very subject that interest you”可知，如果我们想要成功就要全身心的投入。