英语六大基本句型结构精选PPT.ppt

关于英语六大基本句型结构第1页，讲稿共27张，创作于星期三英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成六种英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成六种基本句型及其扩基本句型及其扩大大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这六种基本句型，、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这六种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。英语基本句型列式如下：英语基本句型列式如下：基本句型一：基本句型一：+（主谓）（主谓）基本句型二：基本句型二：+（主系表）（主系表）基本句型三：基本句型三：+（主谓宾）（主谓宾）基本句型四基本句型四：+IO+IO+（主谓间宾直（主谓间宾直（主谓间宾直（主谓间宾直 宾）宾）宾）宾）基本句型五：基本句型五：+（主谓宾宾补）（主谓宾宾补）基本句型六：基本句型六：TherebeTherebe句式句式第2页，讲稿共27张，创作于星期三基本句型基本句型 一一+（主谓）（主谓）此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。副词、介词短语、状语从句等。第3页，讲稿共27张，创作于星期三 （不及物（不及物动词动词）1.Time 2.The moon 3.The man4.An accident5.Everybody 6.I 7.They 8.He 9.Theyflies.rose.cooked.happened.laughed.woke.talked for half an hour.walked yesterday have gone第4页，讲稿共27张，创作于星期三常用不及物动词有常用不及物动词有:appear(出现出现),apologize(道歉道歉),arrive,agree,arise(发生发生),belong(属于属于),come,die,disappear(消失消失),exist(存在存在),fall,go,happen,hurry,listen,look,occur(发生发生),rise(升起升起),sit,sail(航行航行),succeed 词组有词组有:take place,run out,break out第5页，讲稿共27张，创作于星期三基本句型 二+（主系表）（主系表）此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。这类动词叫做连系动词。第6页，讲稿共27张，创作于星期三（是系（是系动词动词）(表表语语)1.This 2.The dinner3.He 4.Everything5.He 6.The book 7.The weather 8.His face 9.This is smellsfelt looks is is becameturned is an English dictionary.good.happy.different.tall and strong.interesting.warmer.red.what I like.第7页，讲稿共27张，创作于星期三 基本句型基本句型三三+（主谓宾）（主谓宾）此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。这类动词叫做及物动词。第8页，讲稿共27张，创作于星期三（实义动词实义动词）(宾语宾语)1.Who 2.She 3.He 4.He 5.They 6.Danny 7.I 8.He 9.Iknows lovesunderstands made ate likes want said regrettedthe answer?him.English.cakes.some apples.donuts.to have a cup of tea.Good morning.having done that.第9页，讲稿共27张，创作于星期三 基本句型基本句型 四四+IO+（主谓间宾直宾）（主谓间宾直宾）此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者(一般指一般指物物)，另一个是动作的间接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者(通常指人通常指人)。eg:give sb.sth.give sth.to sb.make sb.sth.make sth.for sb.第10页，讲稿共27张，创作于星期三（及（及物）物）（多指（多指人）人）（多指物）（多指物）1.She2.She 3.She 4.He 5.I 6.I 7.I 8.He passed cooked brought bought showed gave told told himher me you her him him mea new dress.a delicious meal.a dictionary.nothing.my pictures.a hand.how to run the machine.that the bus was late.第11页，讲稿共27张，创作于星期三v可以带双宾语的动词：v买卖关系：buy pay cost v给予关系：give grant pass offer bring sendv借还关系：lend return owe v说服关系：tell persuadev其他关系：wish name make call 第12页，讲稿共27张，创作于星期三 基本句型基本句型五五+（主谓宾宾补）（主谓宾宾补）此句型的句子的共同特点是：此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。才能使意思完整。第13页，讲稿共27张，创作于星期三（及物）（及物）（宾语宾语）（宾补宾补）1.We 2.They3.They 4.They5.What 6.We 7.He 8.I keep painted call found makes saw asked saw the table the door supper the house him him me them clean.green.dinner.dirty.sad?out.to come back soon.getting on the bus.第14页，讲稿共27张，创作于星期三基本句型基本句型六六There be 句式v构成：There be.句型表示“某处有（存在）某人或某事物”，其结构为 There be(is are was were)+名词+地点状语vThere are fifty-two students in our class.vThere is a pencil in my pencil-case.第15页，讲稿共27张，创作于星期三一、There be 结构中的主谓一致v1.There be句型中be动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。如果句子的主语是单数的可数名词，或是不可数名词，be动词用“is”“was”。例如：vThere is a basketball in the box.vThere is a little milk in the glass.第16页，讲稿共27张，创作于星期三如果句子的主语是复数名词，be动词就用“are”“were”。例如 vThere were many people in the street yesterday.第17页，讲稿共27张，创作于星期三 如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语，be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致，也就是我们常说的“就近原则”。例如:There is an orange and some bananas in the basket.There are two bottles and an ashtray on the shelf.第18页，讲稿共27张，创作于星期三2.There与be中间可插入一些表推测的情态动词、表时态的短语和一些动词短语(如和将来时be going to will、现在完成时 havehas+pp.、used to结构等连用.vThere must be a pen in the box.vThere is going to be a meeting tonight.vThere has been a big tree on the top of the hill.vThere used to be a hospital there before the war.第19页，讲稿共27张，创作于星期三There be句型和havehas的区别：vThere be句型表示“存在有”,havehas表示“拥有”“所有”,两者不能同时使用.例如：v桌子上有三本书.vThere are three books on the desk.v我有三本书.v I have three books.第20页，讲稿共27张，创作于星期三vv1.They work hard.1.They work hard.主主+谓谓vv2.The flower is dead.主主主主+系系系系+表表表表vv3.Plants need water.主主主主+谓谓谓谓+宾宾宾宾vv4.He gives me some seeds.4.He gives me some seeds.主主+谓谓+直宾直宾+简宾简宾vv5.We should keep the plants in the shade.主主+谓谓+宾宾+宾补宾补vv6.His face turned red.6.His face turned red.主主+系系+表表第21页，讲稿共27张，创作于星期三v7.There was a lot of news about Zhang Ziyi on TV last night.There be There be 句式句式v8.She seems kind.主主+系系+表表v9.We found her in tears.主主+谓谓+宾宾+宾补宾补v10.I assure you that this medicine will help you.主主+谓谓+间宾间宾+直宾直宾v11.He has refused to help them.主主+谓谓+宾宾第22页，讲稿共27张，创作于星期三v12.They encouraged her to try again.主主+谓谓+宾宾+宾补宾补v13.He admits that he was mistaken.主主+谓谓+宾宾v14.The pen writes smoothly.主主+谓谓+状状v15.The dinner smells good.主主+系系+表表第23页，讲稿共27张，创作于星期三5Analyzethefollowingsentencestoseewhichpatterntheybelongto.1)Both men speak loudly and clearly.2)An introduction usually includes a greeting and a handshake.3)My e-mail address is .4)They will just wave goodbye to the whole group.5)Our department head will give a dinner to welcome you.6)You could simply call me Wang.7)In her bag there is a passport and a pen.There be句式句式主主+谓谓+状状主主+谓谓+宾宾主主+系系+表表主主+谓谓+直宾直宾+间宾间宾主主+谓谓+宾宾+状状主主+谓谓+宾宾+宾补宾补BackWriteandApplyRules第24页，讲稿共27张，创作于星期三WriteandCorrectMistakes6Correcttheerrorsinthefollowingsentences.1)Themanagerforthempreparessomebeautifulgifts.2)Couldyoutelltomesomethingabouttheirculturalbackground?3)Mr.Wanghasleftintheirmindadeepimpression.4)Dotheyalwayswavetoyougoodbyeinaninformalway?5)Therearealwayssomepeopletalkhappilyinthepark.The manager prepares some beautiful gifts for them.Could you tell me something about their cultural background?Mr.Wang has left a deep impression upon their minds.Do they always wave goodbye to you in an informal way?/Do they always wave you goodbye in an informal way?There are always some people talking happily in the park.第25页，讲稿共27张，创作于星期三6)Therehassomewaterintheglass.7)OnthedoorhasabigredChineseword“Happiness”.8)Thegirllookedthesmallanimalwithpleasure.9)Hegavetohersomelovelyflowers.10)Thestreetsalwayshavemanycarsrunnowadays.There is some water in the glass.On the door there is a big red Chinese word“Happiness”./There is a big red Chinese word“Happiness”on the door./On the door is a big red Chinese word“Happiness”.The girl looked at the small animal with pleasure.He gave her some lovely flowers./He gave some lovely flowers to her.There are always many cars running in the streets nowadays.Back第26页，讲稿共27张，创作于星期三感谢大家观看第27页，讲稿共27张，创作于星期三