seminar intellectual history of public administration.doc

Seminar: Intellectual History of Public AdministrationFall 2004Course Description:This seminar provides students with a deep understanding of the intellectual history of public administration in the United States as well as a comparison with China. It analyzes the intellectual currents that under-gird the theories and concepts in public administration. There are four primary perspectives crosscutting the topics. There is, first, a historical perspective concerned not only with the chronology and currency of ideas but also the normative and pragmatic yardsticks demarcating the evolution of concepts over time and the events propelling the development of the field in its theoretical and practical manifestations. A second perspective is cultural. It serves to illuminate how concepts are reflections of a distinctive set of values, ideology and customs as well as preferred modes of reasoning. Some historical and cultural pre-dispositions endure, while others changes with time. The third perspective accents an analytic approach to concepts with emphasis not only on the historical evolution and cultural context of ideas but also on their discriminating element, i.e., how they shaped our thinking, both normatively and empirically and both intellectually and pragmatically. The fourth perspective, more importantly, is comparative. Within the study of public administration, one of the most important questions is how well ideas coming out of a particular culture and particular historical context can be applied to other different settings. To what extent are there some universal laws governing the public administration? How applicable are these laws to Chinas attempts to rationalize government service as a field of study and practice? The discussion of Chinas public administration is also done in comparison with American experience and values. In this course, we will address the main questions in the study of public administration: How was U.S public administration founded as a field of study and practice? What have been the advantages and disadvantages of defining public administration as apolitical management? What are the prospects for a scientific public administration? Whats missing from the Orthodox paradigm? How did the Orthodoxy collapse and what can we learn from its rise and fall? Can public administration reject the politics-administration dichotomy without its identity? Should the study of public organizations be the focus of public administration? What is the role of “social equity”, representation, participation, and liberation in public administration? Can public law provide the basic of the study of public administration? What is the role of public policy analysis and program evaluation in public administration? Should the study of implementation be the basic of public administration? Should a market based paradigm be the basics of the study of public administration? How to define Chinese public administration both in theory and practice? The seminar will help students to become productive researchers, teachers and practitioners in public administration by giving them a broad understanding of the fields scope, theoretical approaches, and development. Course Texts and Readings:The literature for the course captures both the classics and the contemporary works in the intellectual history of public administration. The primers listed below will be the catalyst for discussing the readings under each topic on the list. Students are expected to be conversant with all readings, although the class will divide up some of the literature with specific books assigned to students for reporting the next week.Texts:1. Jay Shafrita and Sandra Parkes (S&H), eds, Classics of Public Administration, 5th ed. (Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace, 2004)2. Course Reader by InstructorCourse Requirements:There are three types of analytical exercises, as follows:1. Precises on readings: For each week each student should prepare a one-page precise on the assigned reading. Later in the course we will double-up on an assigned work-with student opting for “pro” arguments about a work and another adopting a “con” position. These precises will serve for the basic for weekly class presentations of about 10 minutes per student plus overall discussion.2. Analytical exercises:No. 1: Analysis of a disciplinary perspective on public administration.Select a subset of a major discipline-political science, economics, sociology, public law, and social psychology managementand identify three to five scholars whose books and/or articles have been deemed germane to public administration; they should include a mix of classics and contemporaries. Analyze their contributions to public administration from the perspective of their parent discipline in a temporal context: what was the state of public administration, then and now? What was the state of their own discipline, then and now? In so doing, address the eight dimensions noted: normative underpinnings (generic, culture-bound and counter-cultural), analytic paradigm (concepts for organizing, describing, even explaining phenomenaevolution over time), “units” of analysis (the phenomena, the ideas), modes of reasoning or inquiry, methods or techniques of research, legacy of research (finding: facts, insights, ideas, principles), policy implications and/or practical application, and connection or contribution to public administration. No. 2: Analysis of selected works by a seminal thinker in the field.Select a seminal thinker and analyze, anywhere from two to three books and/or an equivalent set of journal articles. In so doing be sure to address the following: the disciplinary perspective, the normative and analytical theories, the character of research, the logic of argument, and the legacy to the field. No.3: Comparison of U.S and China and defining Chinese Public Administration both in theory and practice.3. Research paper: The paper should not to exceed 10 typewritten pages and will be a focus of contemporary strains in the field in the context of the classics. Class Participation:The intellectual vitality of each class will depend on the informed and insightful contributions of each student. The instructor will provide selected lectures that help frame major issues and epochs in the field. Each class will entail presentations by students on selected readings from the syllabus. These should inspire discussion among members of the seminar.Grading:The average grade on the three analytical exercises and presentations will constitute 55% of the final grade; the research paper and presentation, 30%; and class participation, 15%.Course Topics:Week 1: Introduction to Course and The Nature of Public Administration: Definition and Scope“What was Public Administration?” (S&H)Week 2: Historical Foundations of Public Administration The Development of the Administrative State and The Early Years of American Public Administration Woodrow Wilson, “The Study of Administration” (S&H)Frank Goodnow, “Politics and Administration” (S&H)Frederick Taylor, “Scientific Management” (S&H)William Willoughby, “The Movement of Budgetary Reform” (S&H)Federalist Papers, No.1, 6, 10,15Chapamn, The Profession of GovernmentSkrowenek, Building a New American StateBarker, Development of Public Services in Western EuropeCroly, Progressive DemocracyRohr, To Run A ConstitutionWhite, The Federalist and/or The Republicans Crenson, The Federal Machine: Beginnings of Bureaucracy in Jacksonian America Week 3: Maturing of Public Administration; the Inter War Years Max Weber, “On Bureaucracy” (S&H)Leonard White, “Introduction to the Study of Public Administration” (S&H)Mary Parker Follett, “The Giving of Orders” (S&H)E.Pendleton Herring, “Public Administration and the Public Interest” (S&H)Luther Gulick, “Notes on the Theory of Organization” (S&H)Louis Brownlow, “Report of the Presidents” (S&H)Chester Barnard, “Informal Organizations and Their Relations to Formal Organization” (S&H)Robert Merton, “Bureaucratic Structure and Personality” (S&H)V.O Key, “The Lack of a Budgetary Theory” (S&H)Eaton, Report to the President on European SystemsGoodnow, Public AdministrationTaylor, The Principles of Scientific ManagementGulick and Urwick, eds, Papers on the Science of AdministrationRosenbloom, Federal Service and the ConstitutionVan Riper, History of the United States Civil ServiceGawthrop, The Administrative Process and Democratic Theory, Parts I and II Week 4: The Postwar Period: PA and the Social Sciences-The Challenges to the Orthodoxy and the Invasion of the DisciplinesA.H.Maslow, “A Theory of Human Motivation” (S&H)David Lilienthal, “Planning and Planners” (S&H)Paul Appleby, “Government is different” (S&H)H. Simon, “The Proverbs of Administration” (S&H)P. Selznick, “The Cooptative Mechanism” (S&H)N. Long, “Power and Administration” (S&H)Y. Lewis, “Toward a Theory of Budgeting” (S&H)McGregor, “The Human Side of Enterprise” (S&H)C. Lindblom, “Muddling Through” (S&H)Follett, The Creative ExperienceBernard, Functions of the ExecutiveMayo, Human Problems of Industrial CivilizationLilienthal, Democracy on the MarchGlazer and Kristol, eds, The American CommonwealthWaldo, The Administrative StateSimon, Administrative BehaviorAppleby, Policy and AdministrationRedford, Democracy in the Administrative StateHerring, The Public InterestWeek 6: The 1960: The Trauma and Rediscovering Politics for Public Administration; Bureaucracy and OrganizationFederalist No. 45, 47, 48, 51 and 85Katz and Kahn, “Organizations & the System Concept” (S&H)Schick, “The Road to PPB” (S&H)Bennis, “Organizations of the Future” (S&H)Dror, “Policy Analysis” (S&H)Downs, “The Life Cycle of Bureaus” (S&H)Wildavsky, “Rescuing Policy Analysis from PPB” (S&H)Kaufman, “Administrative Decentralization and Political Power” (S&H)Lowi, “The End of Liberalism” (S&H)Mills, ed, From Max WeberWildavsky, The Politics of the Budgetary Process and the New Politics of the Budgetary ProcessSeidman, Politics, Position and PowerKaufman, The Forest RangerKaufman, Red TapeFelser, Intergovernmental RelationsGoodsell, The Case for BureaucracyWilson, BureaucracyWeek 7: The 1970s: Expansion and Growth of PA; Policy Analysis and the New PAFrederickson, “Toward a New Public Administration” (S&H)Wildavsky, “The Self-Evaluating Organization” (S&H)Weiss, “The Purpose of Evaluation” (S&H)Mosher, “Watergate” (S&H)Levine, “Organizational Decline and Cutback Management” (S&H)Waldo, The Enterprise of Public AdministrationMarini, ed, Toward a New Public Administration; The Minnowbrook PerspectiveKweit, Citizen ParticipationLipsky, Street Level BureaucracyThayer, An End to Hierarchy and CompetitionFrederickson, ed, PAR Symposium on the New Public Administration: Minnowbrook Revisited Goulet, The Cruel ChoiceThompson, Without Sympathy or EnthusiasmWeek 8: Theoretical Disputes and ImplementationPeter and Hogwood, The Pathology of PolicyPressman and Wildavsky, ImplementationJenkins-Smith, Policy Analysis and PoliticsAllison, Essence of DecisionAberbach, Putnam and Rockamn, Bureaucrats and PoliticiansRipley and Franklin, Congress and the BureaucracyHeclo, A Government of StrangersPfiffner, The Strategic PresidencyNathan, The Administrative PresidencyWeek 9: The 1980s: The Maturing of the Field Part I:Allision, “Public and Private Management: (S&H)Lipsky, “Street-Level Bureaucracy” (S&H)Caiden, “Public Budgeting amidst Uncertainty and Instability” (S&H)Rosenbloom, “Public Administrative Theory and the Separation of Power” (S&H)Thompson, “The Possibility of Administrative Ethics” (S&H)Meltsner, “The Seven Deadly Sins of Policy Analysts” (S&H)Niskanen, Bureaucracy and Representative GovernmentDowns, Inside BureaucracyOlsen, The Logic of Collective ActionOstrum, The Intellectual Crisis in American Public AdministrationSava, Privatization: The Key to Better GovernmentKettl, Government By ProxyBryson, Strategic ManagementRainey, Understanding and Managing Public OrganizationsPollitt, The New ManagerialismWeek 11: The 1990s: The Maturing of the Field Part IIMosher, Democracy and the Public ServiceRosenbloom, Public Administration and LawWaamsley, The Agency PerspectiveRohr, To Run A ConstitutionLowi, The End of LiberalismOLeary, The Courts and EPAKettl, Sharing PowerWeek 12: The Transforming Field of PA: The New Public ManagementMoe, “Exploring the Limits of Privatization” (S&H)Wright, “ Understanding Intergovernmental Relations” (S&H)D.Osborne and T.Gaebler, Reinventing GovernmentA.Gore, Creating a Government that Works Better & Cost LessIngraham and Romzek, New Paradigms for GovernmentKettl, Reinventing Government? An AssessmentPeters and Savoie, Governance in a changing worldWeek 13: Comparisons (1): U.S and China-Should a Market Based Paradigm be the Basis of the Study of Public Administration? Week 15: Comparisons (2): Historical Foundation of Public Administration Between the U.S and China-Can U.S Traditional Orthodox Paradigm Provide a Basis of the Study of Public Administration in China?Week 16: Comparisons (3): Evaluating the State of the Field in the U.S and Defining Chinese Public Administration as a Field of Study and Practice.Week 17: Student Presentations of Research Projects