《高级英语》教案.pdf

高级英语教案uA D V A N C E D E N G L I S H”T E A C H I N G N O T E SF O R E I G N L A N G U A G E S D E P A R T M E N T课程名称：高级英语教学对象：英语本科三、四年级学生教学内容：A D V A N C E D E N G L I S H (B o o k O n e&B o o k T w o)教学重点:1.文化背景知识；对课文的理解；语法的难点；作者的写作特点；词汇；有关英语修辞手法。2.语言基本功的训练（听，说，读，写，译）3.培养学生进行语言教学的基本技能每周学时：4 节（每班）考试方式：形成性评价与终结性评价相结合教 学 方 法：G e n e r a l M e t ho d o l o g y,L e c t u r e,R e p o r t s,D i s c u s s i o n,D e m o n s t r a t i o n,L e a r n e r-b a s e d T e a c hi n g.教学目的:1.To improve students;four language skills:listening,speaking,reading and writing.2.To cultivate students basic skills in English language teaching.3.To acquire a certain degree of skill in analyzing the structuresof each text.4.To understand the difficult language points in each lesson.5.To improve students ability in oral presentation anddemonstration.6.To develop an appreciation of the English language and itsimportance as ourlinguistic bridge to the rest of the world.7.To arouse the desire to improve ones own speech habits for bettercommunication in view of the fact that students are preparing tob e E n g l i s h l a n g u a g e t e a c he r s.教学基本要求：1、提高独立工作能力，学会查找有关参考书，会自己动手写注释、做笔记。2、培养分析、欣赏写作技巧的能力。3、掌握基本的英语修辞手段的使用技巧。4、准确掌握课文内容，学会分析课文的写作技巧，并能将其应用于写作。5、培养语篇分析能力，学会词语释义，即用英语解释英语短语或句型转换。6、逐步培养对语言与文化之间的关系的敏感性。7、学习、巩固构词法、区分同义词的差别，更好地掌握词义。课程基本内容和学时分配：第一学期：本学期的教学内容：张汉熙主编的 高级英语第一册的1至8单元，共72学时。教学安排：本学期共需学习8个单元，平均每个单元约需9课时。其中背景知识介绍、相关文化知识介绍及文章结构概述约需1学时，课文讲解约 需5学时，课后练习约需3学时。教学要求：要求学生课前对每个单元的相关文化背景知识作必要的了解,预习课文；练习用英语对词语、句子进行释义；认识和辨别课文中出现的各种修辞手法；了解英语中各种文体的作用和特点；在老师指导下分析、欣赏文章的写作技巧、文章的结构、语言特点；学会查找参考书，并自己动手写注释、做笔记等。U n i t 1:T he M i d d l e E a s t e r n B a zaarI.Ad d it io n al B ac k g r o u n d K n o w l e d g e1.M id d l e E as t e r n C o u n t r ie s2.Ar c hit e c t u r e o f G o t hic S t y l eII.In t r o d u c t io n t o t he P as s ag e1.T y p e o f l it e r at u r e:a p ie c e o f o b je c t iv e d e s c r ip t io n2.The purpose of a piece of objective description:-to record and reproduce a true picture with opinions andemotions of the author excluded3.Ways of developing a piece of objective description:-to begin with a brief general picture,divide the object intoparts and organize the detailed description in order of spaceIII.Effective Writing Skills1.making effective use of specific verbs2.using adjectives accurately3.using five human senses-hearing,smelling,seeing,tasting and touching to make thedescription vivid4.using rhetorical devices properlyIV.Rhetorical Devices1.simile2.metaphor3.assonance4.onomatopoeiaV.Special Difficulties1.paraphrasing some sentences2.translating some paragraphs3.identifying figures of speechVI.Questions1.W hat is a b az aar?C an y o u n am e s o m e o f t he M id d l e E as t e r nc o u n t r ie s in w hic h s u c h b az aar s ar e l ik e l y t o b e f o u n d?2.N am e al l t he m ar k e t s in t he b az aar.W hat k in d o f e c o n o m y d oy o u t hin k t he y r e p r e s e n t?G iv e f ac t s t o s u p p o r t y o u r v ie w.3.W hat s c e n e d o y o u f in d m o s t p ic t u r e s q u e in t he b az aar?W hy?U n it 2:H ir o s him a-t he Liv e l ie s t“C it y in J ap anb y J ac q u e s D an v o irI.Ad d it io n al B ac k g r o u n d K n o w l e d g e1.T he C it y o f H ir o s him a2.T he f ir s t d r o p p in g o f an at o m ic b o m b “Lit t l e B o y”II.Introduction to the Passage1.Type of literature:a piece of radio report2.The purpose of a piece of radio report:to inform the auditorsof the truth3.Some characteristics of radio report:authenticity andobjectivityIII.Effective Writing Skills1.accurately recording the dialogues with some Japanese toreinforce the authenticity of the report3.carefully observing and describing details to reinforce theauthenticity of the report3.vivid and humorous description to make the report interestingIV.Rhetorical Devices1.metaphor2.anti-climaxV.Special Difficulties1.reading between the lines2.paraphrasing some sentencesVI.Questions1.What was the writer s attitude towards Hiroshima?2.Was Hiroshima in any way different from other Japanese cities?3.Even in this short description one may find some of the problemsof Japan,or at least,of Hiroshima.Can you say what they are?4.How do the Japanese themselves look at Hiroshima?Why?V II.D e t ail e d T e ac hin g N o t e s:H ir o s him a-t he Liv e l ie s t”C it yIn J ap an1.T he M ap o f J ap anH ir o s him aH ir o s him a,c it y o n s o u t hw e s t e r n H o n s h?Is l an d,J ap an,c ap it al o fH ir o s him a P r e f e c t u r e,at t he he ad o f H ir o s him a B ay.T he c it y w asf o u n d e d in 1594 o n s ix is l an d s in t he?t a R iv e r d e l t a.H ir o s him ag r e w r ap id l y as a c as t l e t o w n an d c o m m e r c ial c it y,an d af t e r 1868it was developed as a military center.On August 6,1945,duringWorld War II(1939-1945),the first atomic bomb to be used againstan enemy position was dropped on the city by the United States ArmyAir Forces(see Nuclear Weapons).According to U.S.estimates 60,000to 70,000 people were killed or missing as a result of the bomb andmany more were made homeless.(In 1940 the population of Hiroshimahad been 343,698.)The blast also destroyed more than 10 sq km(4sq mi)of the city,completely destroying 68 percent of Hiroshimasbuildings;another 24 percent were damaged.Every August 6 since1947,thousands participate in interfaith services in the PeaceMemorial Park built on the site where the bomb exploded.In 1949the Japanese dedicated Hiroshima as an international shrine of peace.After the war,the city was largely rebuilt,and commercialactivities were resumed.Machinery,automobiles,food processing,and the brewing of sake are the main industries.The surroundingarea,although mountainous,has fertile valleys where silk,rice,and wheat are produced.Population(1990)1,085,705.2.The Bombing of HiroshimaOn August 6,1945,during World War II,the United States droppedthe first atomic bomb on Hiroshima,a Japanese city and militarycenter.An estimated 60,000 to 70,000 people were killed or reportedmissing,and thousands more were made homeless.Sixteen hours afterthe attack,U.S.President Harry S.Truman s report of the eventwas broadcast to radio listeners.The explosion produces great amounts of heat,a shock wave andintense radiation.The region of the explosion becomesradioactively contaminated and radioactive products may bedeposited elsewhere as fallout.At 8:15 a.m.on August 6,1945,by order of President Truman,thefirst Atomic bomb,nicknamed Little Boy was exploded over a pointnear the centre of Hiroshima,destroying almost everything with aradius of 830-1,450 meters.The damage beyond this area wasconsiderable,and over 71,000 people were killed instantly.Manymore later died of injuries and the effects of radiation.Casualtiesnumbered nearly 130,000.Survivors are still dying of leukaemia,pernicious anaemia and other diseases induced by radiation.Almost98%of the buildings were destroyed or severely damaged.The Japanese dedicated post-war Hiroshima to peace.A destroyed areanamed“Peace City has been set aside as a memorial.A peace Parkwas build.A special hospital built here treats people sufferingfrom exposure to radiation and conducts research into its effects.3.Rhetorictenor(subject):the concept,object,or person meant in a metaphorvehicle(reference):a medium through which something is expressed,achieved,or displayedSimile:A simile makes a comparison between two unlike things havingat least one quality or characteristic in common.The two thingscompared must be dissimilar and the basis of resemblance is usuallyan abstract quality.The vehicle is almost always introduced by theword like or as.Self-criticism is as necessary to us as air or water.The water lay grey and wrinkled like an elephant，s skin.My very thoughts were like the ghostly rustle of dead leaves.The bus went as slowly as a snail.Her eyes were jet black,and her hair was like a waterfall.The comparison is purely imaginative,that is,the resemblancebetween the two unlike things in that one particular aspect existsonly in our minds,and not in the nature of the things themselves.As cold waters to a thirsty soul,so is good news from a far country.Metaphor is considered the most important and basic poetic figureand also the commonest the most beautiful.Snow clothes the ground.The town was stormed after a long siege.Boys and girls,tumbling in the streets and playing,were movingjewels.I had a l u m p in m y t hr o atAt l as t t his in t e r m e z z o c am e t o an e n d.I w as ag ain c r u s he d b y t he t ho u g ht.w he n t he m e an in g s an k in,jo l t in g m e.M e t o n y m y （借代、换喻）S he w as a g ir l w ho e xc it e d t he e m o t io n s,b u t I w as n o t o n e t o l e tm y he ar t r u l e m y he ad.H e t o o k t o t he b o t t l e.l it t l e o l d J ap an ad r if t am id b e ig e c o n c r e t es k y s c r ap e r s s t r u g g l e b e t w e e n k im o n o an d t he m in is k ir tI thought that Hiroshima still felt the impactMetonymy can be derived from various sources:a.Names of personsUncle Sam:the U SAb.Animalsthe bear:the Soviet Unionthe dragon:the Chinese(a fight between the bear and the dragon)c.Parts of the bodyheart:feelings and emotionshead,brain:wisdom,intelligence,reasongrey hair:old aged.Profession:the press:newspapers,reporters etc.He met the press yesterday evening at the Grand Hotel.the bar:the legal professione.location of government,business etc.Downing Street:the British Governmentthe White House:the U S president and his governmentthe Capital H ill:U S CongressWall Street:U S financial circlesHollywood:American filmmaking industryEuphemism:the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensiveexpression for one that may offend or suggest sth unpleasant,e.g:He was sentenced to prison-He is now living at the governmentsexpenses.The boy is a bit slow for his age.to go to heavendeadto go to the bathroom,do ones business,answer the nature;s call,put an end to my life.Each day of suffering that helps to free me from earthly cares.Irony:H ir o s him a-t he Liv e l ie s t C it y in J ap ant he g o o d f o r t u n e t hat m y il l n e s s has b r o u g ht m eAn t i-C l im ax:a t o w n k n o w n t hr o u g ho u t t he w o r l d f o r it s-o y s t e r sAl l it e r at io n:s l ip t o a s t o pt e s t e d an d t r e at e dR he t o r ic al Q u e s t io nW as I n o t at t he s c e n e o f t he c r im e?4.Detailed Study of the Text:1.slip:to move slidingly,smoothly,secretly or unnoticed,itcarries a stronger implication of a frictionless than slide.2.lump:a mass of sth.solid without a special size of shapea lump of lead,sugarBlack coffee,2 lumps,please!a hard swelling on the bodyShe was afraid when she felt a lump in her left breastto have a lump in one，s throat:to have a tight feeling in the throat because strong emotion,suchas sorrow or gratitude,to have ones throat choked,to have afeeling of pressure,being unable to breath,a tight sensation inthe throat caused by unexpressed pity,sorrow,excitement,etc.All during her husbands funeral,she hadJohn，s mother had a.at his college graduation.The strong sensation of excitement and sorrow made me unable tobreathe or to speak as if my throat was choked,as if my throat gotblocked by sth.solid.3.on my mind:troubling ones thoughts,causing anxiety,unhappiness.When you have sth on your mind,you cant get rid ofit,you are completely preoccupied,and obsessed.His failure weighs heavily on him mind.He has got too much on his mind to worry about your problem.I am glad you want to talk about this.Its been on my mind for weeks.cf:in ones mind:think about,think ofI think I know whats in your mind.Her mother was always in her mind.4.the very act of stepping on this soil:act and action:Action refers primarily to the process of acting;act to the result,the things done.An action is usually regarded as occupying sometime and involving more than one step;an act is more frequentlythought of as momentary of instantaneous and as individual.The rescue of a shipwrecked crew is a heroic action while thelaunching of the lifeboat,a brave act.a course of actionon this soil:on this land,on this earth,groundThe word SOIL conveys a strong emotion,it is an emotive word.A person in exile comes back to his motherland,he kneels down tokiss the soil.Here is suggests the emotion of the author.He thinks his countryis responsible for the A-bomb destruction.He is preoccupied.Hehas the feeling of atoning(making repayment)for the crime.5.adventure:a journey that is strange and exciting and oftendangerous,sth.you do or a situation you become involved in thatis rather unusual,exciting and dangerous.From the text itself onecan clearly see that the meaning is trip since it is followedby this word.The Adventures of Tom Sawyer,Huckleberry Finn6.reportorial:(not in Longman or ALD)belonging to,of,about a reporter,the adj.form of reporter7.crime:an offence which is punishable by lawHere:an immoral act8.appearAppear,Look,and Seem can mean to be as stated in ones view orjudgement,but not necessarily in fact.Seem suggests an opinion based on subjective impression rather thanobjective signs.He seems tired.My other visits to Beijing were twenty years ago.How would it seemafter such a long time?Look implies that the opinion is based on a general visualimpression.His lips looked unnatural.He looks nervous.Appear suggests a distorted impression,such as can be produced bya restricted point of view.His tongue could make the worse appear the better reason.He appeared not to have heard what had been said about him.He appears/seems/looks to be/like an honest man.9.preoccupy:to fill the thoughts or hold the interest of,to fillones mind completely so that not enough attention is given to otherpresent mattersWhen he is preoccupied with his hobby,he has no idea of what isgoing on around him.I was too preoccupied to hear the bell.He had a preoccupied look on his face,as if sth.was troubling him.preoccupation:extreme concern for sth.Reading is his main preoccupation.It seemed to me that the Japanese did not have the same extremeconcern which is bothering me.I was totally absorbed in the consideration of the crime,but theJapanese did not appear to be so.My mind was completely filled with sad thoughts10.rub shoulders with:to meet and mix with(people)This is not the sort of club where the great rub shoulders with thehumble.A person in my position rubs shoulders with all kinds of people.In our class,people of all trades(porter,carpenter,coppersmith,etc.)rubber shoulders with each other.11.oblivious:be unaware of,not noticing,unconscious of,lackingmindful attentionTheir government is oblivious of the rights of the governed.I am oblivious of my former failure.I was so preoccupied with the book that I was oblivious of thesurroundings.I was so preoccupied with the beautiful woman I met on the bus thatI was oblivious of the pickpocket beside me/of what the conductresswas yelling when the bus came to a stop.12.bob:to move up and down quickly and repeatedlyThe cork on the fishing line bobbed up and do