新SAT真题分享：SAT OG Test 8真题.pdf

The SATPracticeTest#8Make time to take the practice test.Itsoneofthe best ways to get readyfor the SAT.Afteryouve taken the practice test,score itright away at sat.org/scoring.K-5MSA15 2016 The College Board.College Board,SAT,and the acorn Ico are registered trademarks of the College Board.Test begins on the next page.Reading Test65 MINUTES,52 QUESTIONSTurn to Section 1 of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.DIRECTIONSEach passage or pairof passages below is followed by a number of questions.After readingeach passage or pair,choose the best answer to each question based on what is stated orimplied in the passage or passages and in any accompanying graphics(such as a table orgraph).Questions 1-10 are based on the followingpassage.This passage is from Carlos Ruiz Zafon,The Angels Game.2008 by Dragonworks,S.L.Translation 2009 byLucia Graves.The narrator,a writer,recalls his childhood inearly twentieth-century Barcelona.Even then my only friends were made of paperand ink.At school I had learned to read and writelong before the other children.Where my schoolUne friends saw notches of ink on incomprehensible5 pages,I saw light,streets,and people.Words and themystery of their hidden science fascinated me,and Isaw in them a key with which I could unlock aboundless world,a safe haven from that home,thosestreets,and those troubled days in which even Iio could sense that only a limited fortune awaited me.My father didnt like to see books in the house.There was something about them-apart from theletters he could not decipher that offended him.He used to tell me that as soon as I was ten he wouldis send me off to work and thatfd better get rid of allmy scatterbrained ideas if I didnt want to end up aloser,a nobody.I used to hide my books under themattress and wait for him to go outor fall asleep sothat I could read.Once he caught me reading at night20 and flew into a rage.He tore the book from myhands and flung it out of the window.z/If I catch you wasting electricity again,readingall this nonsense,youll be sorry/My father was not a miser and,despite the25 hardships we suffered,whenever he could he gave mea few coins so that I could buy myself some treats liketheotherchildren.Hewasconvincedthatlspentthem on licorice sticks,sunflower seeds,or sweets,but I would keep them in a coffee tin under the bed,30 and when Vd collected four or five reales Id secretlyrush out to buy myself a book.My favorite place in the whole city was theSempere&Sons bookshop on Calle Santa Ana.Itsmelled of old paper and dust and it was my35 sanctuary,my refuge.The bookseller would let me siton a chair in a corner and read any book I liked tomy hearf s content.He hardly ever allowed me to payfor the books he placed in my hands,bu t when hewasnt looking Vd leave the coins Id managed to40 collect on the counter before I left.It was only smallchange-ifFd had to buy a book with that pittance,Iwould probably have been able to a仔ord only abooklet of cigarette papers.When it was time for meto leave,I would do so dragging my feet,a weight on45 my soul.If it had been up to me,I would have stayedthere forever.One Christmas Sempere gave me the best gift Ihave ever received.lt was an old volume,read andexperienced to the full.so/Great Expectations,by Charles Dickens,1 readon the cover.Iwas aware that Sempere knew a few authors whofrequented his establishment andjudgingby the carewith which he handled the volume,I mought55 perhaps this Mr.Dickens was one of them.“A friend of yours?”z/A lifelong friend.And from now on,hes yourfriend too.”Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal.2CONTINUEThat afternoon I took my new friend home,60 hidden under my clothes so that my father wouldntsee it.It was a rainy winter,with days as gray as lead,and I read Great Expectations about nine times,partly because I had no other book at hand,partlybecause I did not think there could be a better one in65 the whole world and I was beginning to suspect thatMr.Dickens had written itjust for me.Soon I wasconvinced that I didnt want to do anything else inlife but learn to do what Mr.Dickens had done.3With which of the following statements about hisfather would the narrator most likely agree?A)He lacked affection for the narrator.B)He disliked any unnecessary use of money.C)He would not have approved ofSemperes gift.D)He objected to the writings of Charles Dickens.Over the course of the passage,the main focus shiftsfrom aA)general discussion of the narrators love ofreading toa portrayal of an influential incident.B)depiction of the narrators father to anexamination of an author with whom thenarrator becomes enchanted.C)symbolic representa tion of a skill the narra torpossesses to an example ofits application.D)tale about the hardships of the narratorschildhood to an analysis of the effects of thosehardships.The main purpose of lines 1-10(Evenawaitedme,/)is toA)introduce the characters who play a part in thenarrators story.B)list the difficult conditions the narrator enduredin childhood.C)describe the passion that drives the actions thenarrator recounts.D)depict the narrators aspirations before he metSempere.Which choice provides the best evidence for theanswer to the previous question?A)Lines24-27(My father.children)B)Lines35-37(The bookseller.contenf,)C)Lines37-38(zzH ehardly.hands)D)Lines59-61(That afternoon.see it)It can reasonably be inferred from the passage thatthe main reason that the narrator considers GreatExpecta Hon s to be the best gift he ever received isbecauseA)reading the book convinced him that he wantedto be a writer.B)hed only ever been given sweets and snacks asgifts in the past.C)the gift meant that Sempere held him in highregard.D)Sempere was a friend of the books author.Which choice provides the best evidence for theanswer to the previous question?A)Lines 38-40(when.left)B)Lines 48-49(zzIt w asfull)C)Lines52-55(zzIwas.them,/)D)Lines66-68(zzSoon.done,/)Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal.3CONTINUE7The narrator indicates that he pays SempereA)less than Sempere expects him to pay forthe books.B)nothing,becauseSemperewonttakehismoney.C)the money he makes selling sweets to the otherchildren.D)much less for the books than they are worth.As used in line 44,“weight most nearly meansA)bulk.B)burden.C)force.D)clout.The word“friend is used twice in lines 57-58 toA)underline the importance of the narratorsconnection to Sempere.B)stress how friendships helped the narrator dealwith his difficult home situation.C)emphasize the emotional connection Semperefeels to reading.D)imply that the narra tof s sentiments caused himto make an irrational decision.EBIWhich statement best characterizes the relationshipbetween Sempere and Charles Dickens?A)Sempere models his own writing afterDickenss style.B)Sempere is an avid admirer of Dickenss work.C)Sempere feels a personal connection to details ofDickenss biography.D)Sempere considers himself to be Dickenss mostappreciative reader.Questions 11-21 are based on the followingpassageand supplementary material.This passage is adapted from Jeffrey Mervis,zzWhy NullResults Rarely See the Light of Day.w 2014 by AmericanAssociation for the Advancement of Science.The question of what to do with nullresults-when researchers fail to see an effect thatshould be detectable has long been hotly debatedUne among those conducting medical trials,where the5 results can have a big impact on lives and corporatebottom lines.More recently,the debate has spread tothe social and behavioral sciences,which also havethe potential to sway public and social policy.There were little hard data,however,on how often orio why null results were squelched.zz Yes,ifs true thatnullresultsarenotasexciting/politicalscientistGary KingofHarvard University says.Z/Butlsuspectanother reason they are rarely published is that thereare many,many ways to produce null results byis messing up.So they are much harder to interpret.In a recent study,Stanford political economistNeilMa Ihotra and two of his graduate studentsexamined every study since2002that was funded bya competitive grants program called TESS20(Time-sharing Experiments for the Social Sciences).TESS allows scientists to order up Internet-basedsurveys of a representative sample ofUSadults to testa particular hypothesis(forexample,whether voterstend to favor legislators who boast of bringing federal25 dollars to their districts over those who tout a focuson policy matters).Malhotras team tracked down working papersfrom most of the experiments that werent published,and for the rest asked grantees what had happened to30 their results.In their e-mailed responses,somescientists cited deeper problems with a study or morepressing matters but many also believed thejournals just wouldnt be interested.Z/Theunfortunate reality of the publishing world is that35 null effects do not tell a clear story/7 said onescientist.Said another,Never published,definitelydisappointed to not see any major effects/Their answers suggest to Malhotra that rescuingfindings from the file drawer will require a shift in40 expectations./zWhat needs to change is the culture-the authors belief about what will happen if theresearch is written up,“he says.Not unexpectedly,the statistical strength ofthefindings made a huge difference in whether they45 were ever published.Overall,42%of the experimentsUnauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal.4CONTINUEproduced statistically significant results.Of those,62%were ultimately published,compared with 21%of the null results.However,the Stanford team wassurprised that researchers didnt even write upso 65%of the experiments that yielded a null finding.Scientists not involved in the study praise its“clever“design.Z/Ifsa very important paper7 that“starts to put numbers on things we want tounderstand,“says economist Edward Miguel of the55 University of California,Berkeley.He and others note that the bias against nullstudies can waste time and money when researchersdevise new studies replicating strategies alreadyfound to be ineffective.Worse,if researchers publish60 significant results from similar experiments in thefuture,they could look stronger than they shouldbecause the earlier null studies are ignored.Evenmore troubling to Malhotra was the fact that twoscientists whose initial studies“didnt work out”65 went on to publish results based on a smaller sample.The non-TESS version of the same study,in whichwe used a student sample,did yield fruit,noted oneinvestigator.A registry for data generated by all experiments70 would address these problems,the authors argue.They say it should also include a“preanalysis plan,that is,a detailed description of what the scientisthopes to achieve and how the data will be analyzed.Such plans wou Id help deter researchers from75 tweaking their analyses after the data are collected insearch of more publishable results.Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal.5Fates of Social Science Studies by ResultsS published in top journal published in non-top journal unpublished but written unwrittenAdapted from Annie Franco,Neil Malhotra,and Gabor Simonovits,Publication Bias in the Social Sciences:Unlocking the File Drawer/2014 by American Association for the Advancement of Science.CONTINUE11The passage primarily serves toA)discuss recent findings concerning scientificstudies and dispute a widely held belief about thepublication of social science research.B)explain a common practice in the reporting ofresearch studies and summarize a study thatprovides support for a change to that practice.C)describe the shortcomings in current approachesto medical trials and recommend theimplementation ofa government database.D)provide context as part of a call for strictercontrols on social science research and challengepublishers to alter their mindsets.The passage indicates that a problem with failing todocument null results is thatA)the results of related studies will be misleading.B)researchers may overlook promising areas ofstudy.C)mistakes in the collection of null results may beoverlooked.D)the bias against null results will be disregarded.Which choice provides the best evidence for theanswer to the previous question?As used in line 21，“allows most nearly meansA)admits.B)tolerates.C)grants.D)enables.A)Lines 38-40(Theirexpectations)B)Lines 48-50(However.finding)C)Lines 56-59(He and.ineffective)D)Lines 59-62(z/W orse.ignored)Based on the passage,to which of the followinghypothetical situations would Malhotra moststrongly object?As used in line 43,“strength“most nearly meansA)attribution.B)exertion.C)toughness.D)significance.Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal.6A)A research team refuses to publish null results inanything less than a top journal.B)A research team excludes the portion of data thatproduced null results when reporting its resultsin a journal.C)A research team unknowingly repeats a studythat produced null results for anotherresearch team.D)A research team performs a follow-up study thatexpands the scope of an initial study thatproduced null results.CONTINUEWhich choice provides the best evidence for theanswer to the previous question?A)Lines 36-37(Said.e仔ects)B)Lines45-48(z/Overall.null results,/)C)Lines62-68(Eveninvestigator)D)Lines 69-73(/zA registry.analyzed)The last paragraph serves mainly toA)propose a future research project to deal withsomeoftheshortcomingsofcurrentpublishingpractices noted in the passage.B)introduce a possible solution to problemsdiscussed in the passage regarding the reportingof social science studies.C)summarize the findings of a study aboutexperimental results explained in the passage.D)reinforce the importance of reexamining theresults of all social science trials.EElAccording to the graph,social science studiesyielding strong resultswereA)unwritten over 50 percent of the time.B)unpublished but written 50 percent of the time.C)publishedinatopjournalapproximately20 percent of the time.D)published in a non-top journal almost 80 percentof the time.Which of the following statements is supported bythe graph?A)Studies with mixed results werejust as likely tobe published as they were to be left eitherunpublished or unwritten.B)Studies with mixed results occurred morefrequently than did studies with strong and nullresults combined.C)Studies with mixed results were more likely to bepublished in top journals than they were to bepublished in non-topjoumals.D)Studies with mixed results were the mostcommon type of social science studies.Which statement from the passage is most directlyreflected by the data presented in the graph?A)Lines 30-33(/zIn th eir.interested)B)Lines33-36(The unfortunate.scientisf,)C)Lines4345(Notunexpectedly.published)D)Lines 52-55(11 s a Berkeley)Unauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal.7CONTINUEQuestions 22-31 are based on the followingpassage and supplementary material.This passage is adapted from R