it做形式主语和形式宾语.docx

-.It作形式主语常见句型动词不定式，动名词或主语从句作主语时，通常把它们放在谓语动词前，而用it作形式主 语，放到句首，it作形式主语时没有具体的意义常见句型有：l.lt+be+形容词+主语从句,如：It is uncertain whether he can come to Jenny' s birthday party or not.2.lt+be+名词词组+主语从句,这类名词有:a fact, a pity, a shame, an honourIt' s a pity that you missed the exciting football match. LIt remains a question whether he will come or not3Jt+be+ 过去分词 + 主语从句，这类过去分词有:announced, believed, expected hoped, decided, reported, said, shown 等， 如：It is reported that 16 people were killed in the earthquake.It is not decided who will give the operation to the patient.4.lt+不及物动词(seem, appear, happen等)+主语从句，这类不及物动词有:appear, happen,seem 等， 如：VIt seemed that he didn' t tell the truth.It happened that I was out when he called.5t+be+形容词+for sb.)+动词不定式这类句型常用形容词easydifficult,hardjmportant, possible, wise等作表语，有时 今日 候为了强调不定式动作的执行者，常在不定式前加for sb,如：这类句型常用形容词 easydifficult, hard, important, possible ,wise等作表语，候为了强调不定式动作的执行者，常 在不定式前加for sb,如：It' s necessary for the young to master two foreign language. It is unwise to give the children whatever they want.这类形容词有:casy,difficult, hard, important, possible, wise6.lt+be+形容词+of sb.+动词不定式，这类形容词常是表示心理品质,性格特征的形容词, 如:kind,nice stupidzcleverzfoolish, polite, impolite, silly, selfish, considerate 来后等。某人和这些形容词可以构成主系表结构。如：It' s very kind of you to help me with the work=You are kind to help me.It seemed selfish of him not to share his dictionary with others.=He seemed selfish not to share his dictionary with others.7Jt+be+名 词词组 + 动词不定式，如：It is not a good habit to stay up too late.8.lt+be+名词或形容词+动名词，这类名词和形容词常常是:good,no good,no use, a waste of, useless, senseless 等，如：It' s a waste of time talking to her any more. It is no use arguing about the matter with him.91t+take(sb.)+时间(金钱)+动词不定式，如:It took the workers almost three years to finish building the dam .It will take a whole day to get to the top of the mountain on foot.1.1 t is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.A. however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever2.1 n fact is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.A. this B. that C. there D. it3. is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. There B. This C. That D. It4. Is necessary to take off our shoes when we enter the lab?A. everyone B. this C. her D. it5.will take you a lot of time to find him in the crowd.A. It B. I C. We D. They6.It is no use his there, the situation is hopeless now.A. to go B. to be going C. going D. having gone7. It is never too late to learn,?A. is itB. isn' t it C. does it D. doesn' t it8.is known to all that Shenzhou VI Launched SuccessfullyA. As B. What C. It D.That9.is reported in the newspaper, the Earthquake in cast China's Jiangd Province killed 13 peopleA. It B. As C. That D. What10 .certain that his invention will make peopie, s life convenient.A.That' s B. This is C. It' s D. What, s11 .that there is another football match on the air this evening.A. It says B. It was said C. It is said D. What was said12 .that their daughter got an opportunity to study abroad.A. It' s a exciting news B. This is an exciting newsC. This is exiting news D. It' s exciting news参考答案：1-5 BDDDA 6-10CACAC 11-12CD二.it作形式宾语时，可以代替三种形式:不定式、动名词和宾语从句。it作形式宾语时，需具备两个条件: 真正的宾语是不定式、动名词或从句2)有宾语补足语 具备了这两个条件，形式宾语it 一定要用。l.it代替不定式短语think/find/feel/consider/make/regard+it + 形容词/名词 + 不定式短语I find it_pleasant to work with him.They felt it difficult to finish the work in such a short time.All these noises made it impossible for me to go on with the work.2.it代替动名词短语(这只限于少数句型，在多数情况下用不定式时更多一些The professor considers it no good reading without understanding.这位教授认为|阅读而不理 解没有益处。He found it useless( no use) arguing with him.He thought it absolutely senseless attempting the impossible.3.it代替宾语从句：We all thought it a pity that the conference should have been cancelledI took it for granted that they were not coming.我想他们准是不会来的 了。I' II see to it that everything is ready in time,我负责使一切都按时准备好。三、形式主语、形式突语零项练习1. It's easierthan _A.say;do B.to say, to do C. says, does D. saying, doing1.1 t takes me 30 minutes to school by bike every dayA. going B.to go C. goes D. go3. It' s not easy us _ a foreign anguage.A.for;learning B.of;learning C. of; to learn D. for; to learn4. Children find_ interesting to play computer games.A.that B.which C.it D.it' s5. Do you think it important _ computer well?A.playB.plays C. to play D.playing6. Is necessary to complete the design before National Day?A. this B. that C. it D. he7.1 don't thinkpossible to master a foreign languagememory work.A.this B.that C.its D.it8.Does matter if he can' t finish the job on time?A. this B. that C. he D. it9.Tom' s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but didn' t help.A. he B. which C. she D. it10.is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A.There B.This C.That D. It11.1 hate when people talk with their mouths fullA. it B. that C. these D. them12.llikein the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A. this B. that C. it D. one13 .happened he is unfit for the office.A. This; that B.That; that C.lt; that D. He; that14 .We took for granted that they would accept our advice.A. that B. this C. it D. them15 .that the scientist will give us a talk next month?A. Is true B. Is it true C. It' s true D. ltJ s truly16 .doesn' t matter much_ dress you are going to wear.A. This; that B. That; who C. It; which D. It; who17 ._ is going to America for further study.A.He is said that B. People said that he C. It was said he D. It is said that he 18.They are good friends.is no wonder that they know each other so well.A. This B. That C. There D. It18 .1s possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?A. this B. there C. that D. it20 . She liked when he kissed her.A. him B. that C. one D. it21 ._ will do you good to do some exercise every morning.A. It B.There C.Those D.One22 . We think_ our duty to pay taxes to our government.A. that B.this C.its D.it23 .T d appreciate_ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.A. that B. it C.this D.you24 . -What do you think made Mary so upset?her new bicycle.A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losing26 . It' s very kind you me.A. for; helping B. of,help C. for, to help D. of, to help27 -What do you think of the book?-Oh, excellent. It's worth _a second time.A. to read B. to be read C.reading D.being read28 It' s no use_ forward to _ from her soon.A.tolook;to hear B.looking; hearing C.looking; hear D.look; hear29.1 t took the workmen only two hours to finish my car.A.repairing B.repair C. to repair D. repaired30.clean is a safeguard against disease.A. To be keeping B.Kept C. Keep D. Keeping参考答案1-5 BBDCC 6-10 CDDDD 11-15 ACCCB 16-20CDDDD 21-24 ADBC 26-30 DCBAD