福建省德化一）（解析版）.docx

“德化一中、永安一中、漳平一中”三校协作20222023学年第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AeLibrary for TeensBelow are four FREE library apps that offer materials of special interest to teens OverDriveOverDrive provides new and popular e-books, e-audiobooks and e-videos. You can browse。刘览）by subjects and select Young Adult Fiction, Young Adult Literature, Young Adult Nonfiction or Young Adult Videos. Don't forget to check out the Comics and Graphic Books （漫画与绘本）category if you enjoy graphic novels! Many borrowed e-books, e-audiobooks and e-videos can be downloaded to the free Libby app or OverDrive app for mobile devices. Titles will automatically expire（至期）at the end of the lending period. There are no late fees!HooplaHoopla is a digital media service which enables users to borrow a selection of movies, television shows, educational videos, documentaries, music, e-books, e-audiobooks, comics, and graphic novels. Everything can be downloaded instantly! You can check out up to 8 items per month.FreadingE-books are always accessible! Also check out its collection of Test Preparation books, under the Study Aids category. To find teen books, search by category and select Young Adult Fiction. Freading highlights travel books and has a large collection of frequently updated travel guides, which offer affordable ways to see the sites that you want when you travel.MangoDo you want to learn a new language? Try the Mango Languages Library Edition app! You can learn to speak new languages and meet new cultures through cool experiences like overhearing a conversation between native speakers or watching a suspense-ridden action flick（悬念重重的动作片）.Mango can be used online from like regular paper. Second, they5re polluted with food waste. Once they've been used, paper plates become covered in food waste. This adds pollutants to the recycling process. 38If you're trying to reduce your impact on the environment, then looking at ways to reuse any paper plates you do have is a good option. If you bought heavy-duty paper plates and they're only a little dirty after use-if you served dry food on them, for exampleyou can clean them and use them again. 39The most obvious alternative to paper plates is reusable plates. Even though you have to wash them with water, the environmental impact of a reusable plate will still be lower. If you're looking for a semi-disposable （用数次的）plate,then you can find plates made from natural materials like bamboo. These plates can be used and washed or cleaned a few times. 40A. The short answer is yes and no.B. However, the vast majority usually can'tC. At the end of their life, they will break down naturallyD. PLA is a bioplastic that's used to coat some paper plates.E. So most cities won't accept used paper plates for recycling.F. There are two main reasons why the majority of paper plates can't be recycled G. If you have clean paper plates, they can be used for a wide range of other projects.【答案】36 B 37. F 38. E 39. G 40. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是纸盘很难被回收，建议选择可重 复使用的盘子。【36题详解】根据上文“Some paper plates can be recycled.（一些纸盘可以回收利用。）”以及下 文“Rather than throw them away after one use, consider more eco-friendly choices.（与其在使用一次后就把它们扔掉，不如考虑一下更环保的选择。）”可知，B选 项“However, the vast majority usually caift （然而，绝大多数人通常不能。）”与上 下文话题一致，且与上文构成转折关系，符合语境。故选B项。【37题详解】根据下文“First, they're coated in plastic.（首先，它们被塑料包裹。）“"Second, they'epolluted with food waste （其次，它们被食物垃圾污染了。）”可知，本段主 要是在介绍纸盘不能回收的主要原因，这与F项“There are two main reasons why the majority of paper plates can* be recycled （大多数纸盘不能回收有两个主要原 因。）”符合。故选F项。【38题详解】 根据上文“Once they've been used, paper plates become covered in food waste. This adds pollutants to the recycling process.（纸盘子一旦被使用,就会被食物垃圾覆盖。 这增加了回收过程中的污染物。）”可知，E选项“So most cities won accept used paper plates for recycling.（所以大多数城市不接受用过的纸盘回收。）”与上文构 成因果关系。故选E项。【39题详解】根据上文“If you bought heavy-duty paper plates and they're only a little dirty after use-if you served dry food on them, for example-you can clean them and use them again.（如果你买了坚固耐用的纸盘子，而它们在使用后只是有点脏例如，如果你用它们盛干食物你可以清洗它们并再次使用。）”可知，此处介绍了我 们使用坚固耐用的纸盘子，弄脏之后清洗掉可以再次使用。这与G选项“If you have clean paper plates, they can be used for a wide range of other projects.（如果你 有干净的纸盘，它们可以用于各种各样的其他项目中。）”话题一致。故选G项。【40题详解】根据上文“These plates can be used and washed or cleaned a few times.（这些盘子可 以使用和清洗几次。）”可知,C 选项“At the end of their life, they will break down naturally.（在它们生命的尽头，他们会自然地分解）”中they指代的就是前文These plates,描述话题一致。故选C项。第三部分英语知识运用（共2节，满分30分） 第一节完形填空（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。One of my clients （客户）recently revealed that his wife was of the opinion that he shouldn't hire a coach to help him create a more 41 life; he should be able to do it by himself.Has anyone ever said something 42 to you? Or perhaps you have said it to yourself? When I talk to people about making changes in their life, they would43 say something like "but shouldn't I do this 44?However, the opposite is 45. The most successful people get as muchhelp as they need to 46 their goal. Take Ellen MacArthur for example, the fastest female and youngest sailor to race around the world solo, non-stop. While she 47 around the world by herself, she also had advisors, trainers, sponsors, and a support team to help her. She once saidIt's always been about a 48,so I have to thank my partners, friends, and supporters. 49 them, I would be nowhere.Many people 50 that “if you have help to achieve something then it51 that achievement. It is a common 52, however, and onethat I would 53 you to stay away from. So next time you hear a phrase like“you should do it on your own"，either from someone else or in your head, 54 yourself immediately that it is not helpful and focus on 55the help you need to get to where you want to go.41. A. convenient balanced42. A. special43. A. seldom44. A. on my way usual45. A. basicnecessary46. A. support establish47. A. flew48. A. dream community49. A. WithoutDespite50. A. ignore51. A. earnsB. normalC. successfulD.B. confusingC. similarD. boringB. alwaysC. evenD. neverB. right awayC. on my ownD. asB. trueC. strangeD.B. considerC. achieveD.B. sailedC. swamD. cycledB. beliefC. teamD.B. ThroughC. BeyondD.B. believeC.forgetD. admitB. celebratesC. measuresD.reduces52. A. knowledge misunderstanding 53. A. allow54. A. promise55. A. returning seeking【答案】41. CB. practiceB. adviseB. satisfyB. avoiding42. C 43. BC. differenceC. helpC. remindC. offering44. C 45. B 46. CD.D. forceD. proveD.47. B 48.C 49. A 50. B 51. D 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了人们总是会误解，认为因为得 到帮助而做成 事情，就会减少自己的成就，而事实并非如此，成功的人往往会 尽可能得到更多的帮助。【41题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的一个客户最近透露，他的妻子认为他不应该雇 一个教练来帮助他创造更成功的生活；他应该能自己做这件事。A. convenient方 便的；B. normal正常的；C. successful成功的；D. balanced均衡的。根据下文“The most successful people get as much help as they need”可知，此处讨论的是想要成功(successful)是否应当求助他人。故选C项。42题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有人跟你说过类似的话吗？ A. special特殊的；B. confusing令人困惑的；C. similar相似的；D. boring无聊的。根据下文“Or perhaps you have said it to yourself?”可知，这与空处内容一致，都是在询问，第一段介绍 的场景，你是否有类似的(similar)经历。故选C项。【43题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我和人们谈论如何改变他们的生活时，他们总是会 说这样的话：“难道我不应该自己做吗？ " A. seldom很少；B. always总是；C. even 甚至；D. never 从不。根据下文“say something like "but shouldn't I do this 4?”"可知，这是人们常有(always)的回答。故选B项。【44题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：当我和人们谈论如何改变他们的生活时，他们总是会说这样的话：“难道我不应该自己做吗？ "A. on my way在路途中；B. right away 立刻；C. on my own独自一人；D. as usual像往常一样。根据上文“he should be able to do it by himself'可知,on my own 与 by himself 呼应。故选 C 项。45题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，事实恰恰相反。A. basic基本的；B. true真 的；C. strange 奇怪的；D. necessary 必要的。根据下文“The most successful people get as much help as they need”可知，此处指的是事实情况并非前文说的那样(无 需任何帮助，自己取得成功)，即与事实情况相反的现实才是对的，成功的人往 往会用尽一切办法获得帮助，而不是只靠自己。故选B项。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最成功的人在实现目标的过程中会得到尽可能多的帮 助。A. support 支持;B. consider 考虑；C. achieve 实现；D. establish 建立。根据 空后“their goal”可知，此处是指实现(achieve)目标。故选C项。47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她独自航游世界时，她也有顾问、教练、赞助商和 一个支持团队来帮助她。A. flew飞；B. sailed航行；C. swam游泳；D. cycled骑 自行车。根据上文“the fastest female and youngest sailor”可知，她是水手，所以空 处是指航游(sailed)世界。故选B项。【48题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她曾经说过：“这一直是一个团队，所以我必须感谢 我的合作伙伴、朋友和支持者。A. dream梦想；B. belief信仰；C. team团队； D. community 社区。根据下文“so I have to thank my partners, friends, and supporters.”可知，她很感谢她团队(team)的支持和陪伴。故选C项。49题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意:没有他们，我将一事无成。A. Without没有；B. Through 通过；C. Beyond 超过；D. Despite 尽管。根据下文“I would be nowhere.“可知， 此处在继续阐述团队的重要性，没有(Without)他们，她将一事无成。故选A 项。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多人相信“如果你在别人的帮助下完成某件事，那 么它就会降低你的成就“。A. ignore忽视；B. believe相信；C. forget忘记；D. admit 承认。根据下文“if you have help to achieve something then it 11 that achievement”可知，这是人们常有的误解，认为或者是相信(believe)接受别人 帮助是不好的事情。故选B项。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多人相信“如果你在别人的帮助下完成某件事，那 么它就会降低你的成就“。A. earns赚得；B. celebrates庆祝；C. measures测量； D. reduces降低。根据本处语境可知，空处指的是人们的错误理念，也就是获得 别人的帮助会降低(reduces)自己的成就。故选D项。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，这是一个常见的误解，我建议你远离它。A. knowledge 知识；B. practice 练习；C. difference 差异；D. misunderstanding 误解。 根据下文“and one that I would13you to stay away fh)m”可知，作者希望大家远离的，应该是指误解(misunderstanding)。故选D项。53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，这是一个常见的误解，我建议你远离它。A. allow 允许；B. advise 建议；C. help 帮助；D. force 逼迫。根据下文“you to stay away from 可知，此处是指作者建议(advise)远离这种误解。故选B项。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，下次当你听至厂你应该自己做”这样的话，无论 是从别人那里还是在你的脑海里，立即提醒自己这是没有用的，并集中精力寻求 帮助,以达到你想去的地方。A. promise承诺;B. satisfy使满意；C. remind提醒; D. prove 证明。根据上文"So next time you hear a phrase like “you should do it on your own"”可知，如果下次听到或者自己脑海中出现这样的偏见时，我们要立刻 提醒(remind)自己远离这种想法。故选C项。55题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，下次当你听到“你应该自己做”这样的话，无论 是从别人那里还是在你的脑海里，立即提醒自己这是没有用的，并集中精力寻求 帮助，以达到你想去的地方。A. returning归还；B. avoiding避免；C. offering提 供；D. seeking 寻求。根据上文“The most successful people get as much help as they need”可知，作者赞成我们寻求(seeking)帮助来达成目标。故选D项。第n卷(非选择题共55分) 注意：请将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 第二节语法填空(共10小题;每题1.5分,共15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。The China International Search and Rescue Team(CISAR)was formed in 2001. The team brings help and hope to those whose 56 (life) are changed by a storm, flood, earthquake, or any other natural disaster.In 2003, the Chinese team went on 57 (it) first international rescue missions and helped save lives after earthquakes in Algeria and Iran. It was the first time that a Chinese team had worked outside China, and the team won high praise 58 their bravery and skill.Since then, the CISAR 59 (complete) many missions. The list of people to 60 help has been given is long. The team treated more than 3,000 people injured in the 2006 earthquake in Indonesia, helped 2,500 wounded people after the earthquake in Haiti in 2010, and spent several months 61 (give) aid to over 25,000 victims of the 2010 floods in Pakistan.Rescue workers are trained 62 (find) people, treat injuries, and hand out food, water, and other supplies. They have to be able to do difficult work under conditions which can be very 63 (danger). After a disaster, there is 64 (usual) no electricity or water. It takes a lot of love and courage to risk one's own life to save someone else's. The members of the CISAR have plenty of both and are always ready to go 65 help is needed.【答案】56. lives57. its 58. for59. has completed60. whom 61. giving62. to find63. dangerous64. usually65. wherever【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国国际搜救队成立以来的工作情况和 意义。【56题详解】考查名词的数。句意：该团队为那些生活因风暴、洪水、地震或其他自然灾害而 改变的人们带来帮助和希望。此处whose引导定语从句，life“生活”，名词做主 语，根据空后的谓语动词are可知，此处应用名词的复数形式，故填lives。【57题详解】考查代词。句意：在2003年，中国救援队进行了它的第一次国际救援任务，在 阿尔及利亚和伊朗地震后帮助拯救了生命。根据空后的名词rescue missions可知, 此处应用形容词性的物主代词修饰，且此处指代“中国救援队的“，故应用its“它 的”,故填its。【58题详解】考查介词。句意：这是中国团队第一次在国外工作，他们的勇敢和技术受到了高 度赞扬。根据句意可知，此处意为“因为他们的勇敢和技术而受到赞扬”，表示 “因”，应用介词for,故填for。【59题详解】考查时态。句意：从那之后，CISAR完成了许多任务。根据时间状语Since then, 可知，句子谓语应用现在完成时态，主语为theCISAR,为单数形式，与谓语动 词complete之间为主动关系，故填has completed0【60题详解】考查定语从句。句意：得到帮助的人的名单很长。此处为定语从句，定语从句中 为give sth. to sb.的被动用法sth. be given to sb.,先行词people,指代人，在从句 中为介词to的宾语，故应用关系代词whom,故填whom。【61题详解】考查动名词。句意：该小组治疗了 2006年印尼地震中受伤的3000多人，2010 年海地地震中帮助了 2500个伤员，并在2010年巴基斯坦洪灾中花了几个月的时 间为25000多名灾民提供援助。此处为动词短语“spend time (in) doing sth.花时 间做某事”，应用动名词作宾语，故填giving。【62题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：救援人员参加培训，培训他们找到人，处理伤口，以及 分发食物、水和其他供应品。此处表示救援人员参加培训的目的，故应用动词不 定式作目的状语，故填to findo63题详解】考查形容词。句意：他们必须能够在十分危险的情况下做困难的工作。根据空前 的谓语动词can be可知，此处应用形容词“dangerous危险的”作表语，说明主语 的状态，故填dangerous。【64题详解】考查副词。句意：灾难之后，通常没有电和水。根据句子分析可知，此处应用副 词“usually通常”作状语，故填usually。65题详解】考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：CISAR的成员既有爱又有勇气，并准备好了去 往需要帮助的地方。根据句子分析可知，此处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少地点状 语，且此处强调“无论何地"，故应用wherever引导宾语从句，故填wherever。any computer, anywhere, at any time.21. What do the first two apps have in common?A. They both charge late fees.B. They both include no graphic novels.C. They both provide downloadable e-books.D. They both put no limits on the number of borrowed books.22. Which of the following is the highlight of Freading?A. Young Adult Literature.B. Young Adult FictionC. Test Preparation books.D. Travel books.23. Which app should you turn to if you want to learn new languages?A. OverDriveB. HooplaC. FreadingD. Mango【答案】2LC 22. D 23. D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个网上图书馆软件。21题详解】细节理解题。根据文章 OverDrive 部分“Many borrowed e-books, e-audiobooks and e-videos can be downloaded to the free Libby app or OverDrive app for mobile devices.（许多借阅电子书，电子有声读物和电子视频都可以下载到免费的Libby 软件或者 OverDrive 软件。）”和 Hoopla 部分“Everything can be downloaded instantly!（所有的都可以马上下载。）”可知，这两个软件的共同点是都提供可下 载的电子书，故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文章 Freading 部分“Freading highlights travel books and has a large collection of frequently updated travel guides, which offer affordable ways to see the sites that you want when you travel.（Freading软件最突出的就是旅游书籍， 它收藏着大量时刻更新的旅游指南，这样当你旅游时，就可以看到那些你想要看 到的景点。）”可知，Freading最突出的就是旅游书籍，故选D。23题详解】细节理解题。根据文章 Mango 部分“Do you want to learn a new language? Try the Mango Languages Library Edition app!（想要学习一门新的语言吗？试一下 Mango语言图书馆软件吧。）”可知，如果你想要学习新的语言，就应该选择Mango软件，故选D。I lost my phone when I was on holiday four months ago. With no phone to use on my way back to Milan, I decided to buy a book at the airport before boarding the plane. There was a discount on Stephen Hawking's Brief Answers to the Big Questions, and while not necessarily an easy read for the non-reader I was at the time, it touched on some of the subjects I m most passionate（感兴趣的）about so I decided it was worth the £5.99. I paid for it. To my great surprise, I read the whole book on that two-hour return flight - and so my love for reading began. I was confused. Before then, I used to buy books fairly often, hoping I'd read them, knowing months would go by and I wouldn't even open them. So I wondered. What was different this time? After carefully analysing the situation, I came up with an explanation.Now I realise, most books on my reading list as a child came from one of three places: suggested books, school books, and "to read before you