精品解析：黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）.doc

高一英语试题考生注意：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对 应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. When did Frank get his driver's license?A. Last week. B. Last month. C. Last year.2. Where are the speakers?A. In the classroom. B. In the cinema. C. In the hospital.3. What don't Mary's parents allow her to do?A. Choose her clothes. B. Get her ears pierced. C. Go out with her friends.4. What does Jack's hair look like now?A. Short. B. Beautiful. C. Long.5. How long was the woman late for class this morning?A. Twenty minutes. B. Fifteen minutes. C. Ten minutes.第二节（共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各 小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What would the woman do if she saw a big traffic accident?A. She would run away.B. She would call the police.C. She would pretend she didn't see it.7. Where would the woman fly first if she could fly anywhere in the world?A London. B. New York. C. Paris.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Who makes the phone call?A. John. B. Mike. C. Sarah.9. What is the woman's telephone number?A. 674-9801. B. 674-5801. C. 674-9811.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. Which bus can the woman take?A. No. 15. B. No. 12. C. No. 125.11. What does the woman think of the city?A. Big. B. Bad. C. Rich.12. Why does the woman want to go to the Water Town?A. Because she likes it very much.B. Because she is good at swimming.C. Because her daughter likes it very much. 听第9段材料，回答第13至第16题。13. What's the most probable relationship between the speakers?A. Strangers. B. Husband and wife. C. Father and daughter.14. What was the woman doing when the man saw her?A. Doing her hair. B. Looking outside. C. Talking on the phone.15. What did the man do?A. He called the police.B. He talked with the woman's father.C. He took away the woman's insurance card.16. What do we know about the man?A. He was stupid. B. He was angry. C. He was frightened.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What was the main reason for people to have dogs in the past?A. To help them work. B. To make money. C. To keep them safe.18. What do young people think of dogs now?A. They regard dogs as their friends.B. Dogs are their children.C. Dogs help them with everything.19. What is a dog for a child?A. A smart teacher. B. A playing partner. C. A helpful brother.20. Why do old people keep dogs?A. They regard dogs as their children.B. Dogs can play with them.C. Dogs make them feel safer.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHi, I'm Amanda! I was asked to share more about my experience as an online student of Virtual High School to give you a better idea of what it's like, or at least what it was like for me. Usually I was working on four courses at a time, just as if I were in a brick-and-mortar high school. But unlike students in a brick-and-mortar school, I did not work for a set amount of time each day. Sometimes I would spend the whole day on English, and on another I would study among all four, depending on how focused I was or what I felt motivated to do. I loved skating during my high school years, both as a competitor and a coach. Below is an example of what a typical day was like for me.6:00 am8:00 am: Skating9:00 am10:30 am: Read content for English10:30 am10:45 am: Break (usually a walk outside, catching up with friends, etc.)10:45 am12:00 pm: Begin brainstorming and do primary research for English assignments12:00 pm12:30 pm: Lunch12: 30 pm3 :30 pm: Read content for maths, work through exercises, start a maths assignment 4:00 pm7 :00 pm: Skating and coachingA common question I would get was, “Do you spend a lot of time in front of the computer to do the courses?” The answer is “yes”. It is an online school, after all. That does not mean that you are tied to a desk, however. Like students in brick-and-mortar schools, I took notes by hand so that I wasnt always typing or looking at a screen. I often went to the library to find books for my research and English courses.1. How many courses did Amanda have?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five.2. When did Amanda study maths according to the example of a typical day?A. Between 10:45 am and 12:00 pm.B. Between 12:30 pm and 3 :30 pm.C. Between 12:00 pm and 2:30 pm.D. Between 3 :30 pm and 7:00 pm.3. What did Amanda always do as an online student?A. She wrote down notes by hand.B. She wrote online English books.C. She took classes in the library.D. She took her notes by typing.【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要内容是上网课的Amanda分享自己上网课的经历，她列出了她日常学习一天的时间安排情况以及她对在线学习的一些看法和个人习惯。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Sometimes I would spend the whole day on English, and on another I would study among all four, depending on how focused I was or what I felt motivated to do.(有时我会花一整天的时间学习英语，另一天我会根据我的专注程度或者我觉得有动力去做什么来学习这四门课程中的一门)”可知，阿曼达上了四门课。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“12: 30 pm3 :30 pm: Read content for maths, work through exercises, start a maths assignment 4:00 pm7 :00 pm: Skating and coaching(下午12:30下午3:30：阅读数学内容，做练习，开始数学作业)”可知，阿曼达下午12:30到3:30学习数学。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Like students in brick-and-mortar schools, I took notes by hand so that I wasn't always typing or looking at a screen.(像实体学校的学生一样，我用手记笔记，这样我就不用总是打字或盯着屏幕了)”可知，作为一名上网课的学生，阿曼达总是手写笔记。故选A。BIt feels like every time my mother and I start to have a conversation, it turns into an argument. We talk about something as simple as dinner plans and suddenly my mother will push the conversation into the Third World War. Shell talk about my lack of bright future because I dont plan to be a doctor. And much to her disappointment, I dont want to do any job related to science, either. In fact, when I was pushed to say that I planned to major in English, she nearly had a heart attack.“Why cant you be like my co-workers son?” she shouts all the time. Her co-workers son received a four-year scholarship and is now earning 70,000 dollars a year as an engineer. I dont know what to say except that I simply cant be like Mr. Perfect as Ive called the unnamed co-workers son. I cant be like him. I am the type of the person who loves to help out in the community, write until the sun goes down, and most of all, wants to achieve something because of loving it, not because of fame or salary.I understand why my mother is worried about my future major. Ive seen my mother struggle (艰难) to raise me on her small salary and work long hours. She leaves the house around 6:30 am and usually comes back home around 5:00 pm or even 6:00 pm.However, I want her to know that by becoming a doctor, it doesnt mean Ill be successful. Id rather follow my dreams and create my own future.4. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 1 mean?A. The authors mother argued about something angrily with him.B. The authors mother expressed different opinions on the war.C. The authors mother liked talking with him but got angry easily.D. The authors mother quite disagreed about what to eat for dinner.5. Why does the authors mother mention her co-workers son?A. To tell the author to learn as hard as he can.B. To persuade the author to become a doctor.C. To encourage the author to receive a scholarship.D. To ask the author to earn much more money.6. What makes the authors mother worried about his major?A. Her plans for future.B. Her need to control.C. Her struggle with life.D. Her poor knowledge.7. What can be inferred from the text?A. The author will become an engineer as his mother wishes.B. Being a scientist is sure to earn high fame and salary.C. The author shows little interest in learning English.D. The author may choose major according to his interest.【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者和母亲就作者未来的工作选择发生了分歧，作者不想成为医生，母亲则认为作者应该像自己的同事的儿子一样服从家里的安排，作者则想根据自己的兴趣选择专业。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文It feels like every time my mother and I start to have a conversation, it turns into an argument.可知感觉好像每次我和妈妈开始交谈，就会变成争吵。由此可知，作者和母亲只谈晚餐计划这么简单的事情，也会和母亲开始争论某一件事情。即划线句子的意思为“作者的母亲生气地和作者争论了一件事”。故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中Shell talk about my lack of bright future because I dont plan to be a doctor.可知她会谈论我缺乏光明的未来，因为我不打算成为一名医生。以及第二段中“Why cant you be like my co-workers son?” she shouts all the time. Her co-workers son received a four-year scholarship and is now earning 70,000 dollars a year as an engineer.可知“你为什么不能像我同事的儿子那样呢？”她一直在喊。她同事的儿子获得了四年的奖学金，现在作为工程师每年能挣7万美元。由此可推知，作者的母亲想让作者成为一名医生，像她同事的儿子那样服从家里的安排，所以提到同事的儿子是为了说服作者成为一名医生。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中I understand why my mother is worried about my future major. Ive seen my mother struggle (艰难) to raise me on her small salary and work long hours.可知我理解妈妈为什么担心我未来的专业。我看到我的母亲挣扎着用她微薄的薪水和长时间的工作来养活我。由此可知，是母亲挣扎着生活让她担心作者的专业选择。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中I cant be like him. I am the type of the person who loves to help out in the community, write until the sun goes down, and most of all, wants to achieve something because of loving it, not because of fame or salary.可知我不能像他那样。我是那种喜欢在社区里帮忙的人，写作直到太阳下山，最重要的是，我想做一些事情是因为热爱它，而不是因为名气或薪水。最后一段中Id rather follow my dreams and create my own future.可知我宁愿追随自己的梦想，创造自己的未来。由此可推知，作者可能会根据自己的兴趣选择专业。故选D。CEnglish spelling has been changing for over a thousand years and the spelling difficulties we have today is the result of many different things that have taken place over this time.It was a tricky beginning for English spelling. Quite simply, the 23-letter Roman alphabet has never been enough even Old English (spoken 450-1150) had about 35 sounds, and the number is now even bigger. But the English spelling was and still is based on the Roman alphabet.More spelling problems came in when the French introduced new spelling rules their own of course? and not always helpful. Using “c” instead of “s” for words like city was confusing because “c” also sounds “k” in words like cat.And then printing arrived in the 15th century and with it more mess (混乱). William Caxton (who set up the printing machines in the first place) liked Dutch spellings and so he introduced the “gh” in ghost and ghastly. Some printers were Europeans and they introduced favourite spellings too from their own languages. Such spelling rules were not helpful either!One of the biggest problems for English spelling has always been changes in pronunciation. Printing helped to stablise (使稳定) the spelling of words, but then some sounds changed their shape? and others even disappeared altogether. Think of those silent letters in words such as walk, through, write, right, know these were once pronounced.Many silent letters appeared just because some famous busybodies wanted to make the language look more beautiful. This caused serious mess. Lets take rhyme as an example. It came from the French word rime. But it was changed to rhyme to give it a nicer look. It was an interesting idea, but hardly helpful for someone trying to spell the word! The 16th and 17th centuries saw many extra letters introduced in this way.All these events lead to the messy spelling system we have today. But you know, there are in fact over 80% of words spelled according to regular rules.8. How many letters are there in the Roman alphabet?A. 23.B. 26.C. 35.D. 48.9. Which word is most probably spelt according to the French rules?A. Sit.B. Cycle.C. Calm.D. Knee.10. What is paragraph 5 mainly about?A. Sound changes.B. Silent letters.C. Borrowed spelling rules.D. Printing mistakes.11. What is the authors purpose of writing the text?A. To call for a much simpler spelling.B. To tell how to recognize foreign words.C. To explain why English spelling is so difficult.D. To show how to pronounce difficult words.【答案】8. A 9. B 10. A 11. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者通过本文的描述来解释为什么英语拼写这么难。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Quite simply, the 23-letter Roman alphabet has never been enough(很简单，只有23个字母的罗马字母是远远不够的)”可知，罗马字母有23个。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Using “c” instead of “s” for words like city was confusing because “c” also sounds “k” in words like cat.(用“c”而不是“s”来表示“city”会让人感到困惑，因为“c”在“cat”这样的单词中也会发“k”的音)”可知，根据法语拼读规则，字母c应该是是发“s”音，结合选项可知，单词cycle中，字母c发音是“s”。故选B。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段主旨句“One of the biggest problems for English spelling has always been changes in pronunciation.(英语拼写的最大问题之一一直是发音的变化)”可知，本段主要英语拼写上发音的改变。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。阅读文章内容，并根据第一段“English spelling has been changing for over a thousand years and the spelling difficulties we have today is the result of many different things that have taken place over this time.(英语的拼写已经发生了一千多年的变化，我们今天的拼写困难是这个时期发生的许多不同事情的结果)”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是来解释为什么英语拼写这么难。故选C。DThe endangered pandas in Qinling Mountains might face a new threat(威胁): the loss of their food, bamboo, which makes up 99% of their meals.Adult pandas spend most part of the day eating bamboo and have to take in at least 40 pounds a day to stay healthy. However, a new study published in Nature and Climate Change warned that they may soon find their food gone because most of the bamboo in Qinling Mountains might disappear by the end of the century as a result of rising temperature worldwide.A team made up of researchers from Michigan State University and the Chinese Academy of Sciences has studied the effects of climate change on the bamboo in Qinling Mountains. They have found that bamboo is very sensitive to climate changes. “80% to 100% of the bamboo would be gone if the average temperature increases 3.5 degrees worldwide by the end of the century.” said Liu Jianguo, one of the reports authors.He added, “This is how much the temperature would rise by 2100 even if all countries will keep their promises in the Paris Agreement. But you know what is happening around the world.”In recent years, China has been trying its best to protect the endangered pandas by setting up more and bigger natural reserves.“But it is far from being enough and the endangered pandas need cooperation from the rest of the world, because their future is not just in the hands of the Chinese,” said Shirley Martin from World Wildlife Fund but not a member of the team.The Qinling Mountains, in the southwest of China, are home to about 260 pandas. That is about 13% of the Chinas wild panda population. In addition, about 375 are living in research centers and zoos in China.12. What can we learn from the first paragraph?A. Lots of the bamboo in Qinling Mountains will probably disappear.B. Qinling Mountains cannot provide enough