初中英语外研版八年级下册M5U3知识讲解.doc

八年级英语下册 M5U3知识讲解【语法】语法：一般现在时，一般过去时与现在完成时的区别（一）概念不同一般现在时表示主语经常性和习惯性的动作或存在的状态，也表示说话者的能力及自然现象。一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事，存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说话的侧重点只在于陈述一件过去的事情，不强调对“现在”产生的影响。现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成影响或产生了结果。（二）构成方式不同一般现在时：主语 + be动词/实义动词 + 其它一般过去时：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其它现在完成时：主语 + have/has + 动词过去分词 + 其它（三）时间状语不同一般现在时：always, usually, often, sometimes, never, every day, on Sundays, in the morning/ afternoon/ evening等一般过去时：yesterday, last week, two years ago, just now, in 2002等现在完成时：just, already, ever, never, these days, this week, since, for等连用Eg: We play football every afternoon.每天下午我们踢球。Did you see the film last night? 你昨晚看电影了吗？He has lived in Beijing for 8 years.他已经住在北京八年了。【知识点】1.mind (动词) “介意；反对”后接名词、动词ing、that从句mind (名词) “思想；头脑；智力”Eg: I dont mind a joke, but this is going too far.我不介意开玩笑，但这太过分了。Do you mind if I open the window?= Do you mind my opening the window?你介意我开窗户吗？She cant make up her mind.她不能下定决心。2.Be good at . 擅长Be good for . 对.有益Eg: She is good at swimming.她擅长游泳。Milk is good for you. 牛奶对你有益。3.borrow sth.from sb. 从某人处借某物（向里借）lend sth.to sb. 把某物借给某人（向外借）Eg: Can I borrow this book from you?我能从你那借这本书吗？I lent this book to her.我把这本书借给她了。4.ask sb.for sth. 向某人要某物ask sb.To do sth. 要求某人做某事Eg: You can ask me for help. 你可以向我寻求帮助。My mum asked me to finish homework before dinner.我妈妈要求我晚饭前完成作业。5.at first 起初first of all 首先；第一Eg: You must write your name on the paper at first.首先，你必须把名字写在纸上。6.tell a story 讲故事tell sb.sth. 告诉某人某事tell sb.(not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不）做某事tell“告诉；讲述”后跟双宾语say强调 “说”的内容speak指说某种语言，还可指说话的能力talk“交谈；谈话；谈论”Eg: My mum tells me a story every night.我妈妈每天晚上给我讲故事。Can you say that again?你能再说一遍吗？She can speak English.她会说英语。Lets talk about it.让我们讨论一下吧。e to life 苏醒过来；表现生动Eg: Spring begins to come to life.春天开始苏醒过来。8.the number of + 可数名词复数 “.的数量” 作主语，谓语动词用单数a number of + 可数名词复数 “大量；许多” 作主语，谓语动词用复数Eg: The number of the students in our school is 2000.我们学校学生的数量是2000人。A number of the students are playing football.许多学生正在踢足球。9.in the future 将来；未来Eg: What will the life be like in the future?未来生活会是什么样？【写作】本模块写作主题为谈论你喜欢的卡通片（一）常见短语1.Favourite cartoon 最喜欢的卡通片2.Learn from . 从中学到.3.Come to life 表现生动4.The hero of . .的主角5.Win the hearts of . 赢得.的心（二）写作思路第一步：卡通片姓名第二步：创作时间及北京第三步：主要讲述内容第四步：从中学到的道理（三）范文：My favourite cartoon is Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf.It has been the most popular cartoon in China since 2005.The cartoon tells us stories about how some young and brave goats fight against two wolves who want to hurt them.The stories are very interesting.Big Big Wolf thinks many methods to catch little goats as his food, but the bright goats fight against wolves for their lives and friendship, so Big Big Wolf fails every time.Not only children are interested in the stories of wolf and goat, but their parents and even their grandparents also like to watch them.The goats have a lot of fans both in China and overseas.3