初中英语人教新目标八年级下册Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains知识整理.doc

八年级英语下册Unit 6知识点【Useful expressions】1.work on doing sth.致力于做某事2.as soon as . 一.就.3.once upon a time 从前4.continue to do sth. 继续做某事5.make sth.happen 使某事发生6.try to do sth.努力做某事.7.the journey to sp. .之旅8.tell the/a story 讲故事9.put on 穿上10.a little bit 有点儿11.keep doing sth.坚持做某事12.give up 放弃13.instead of 代替;反而14.turn.into.使.变成15.get married 结婚16.the main character 主要人物;主人17.at other times 在另外一些时候18.be able to 能;会e out 出版20.become interested in.对.感兴趣21.walk to the other side 走到另一边去22.a fainy tale 一个神话故事23.the rest of the story 故事的其余部分24.leave sb.to do sth.让某人做某25.make a plan to do sth.筹划/计划做某事26.go to sleep 去睡觉27.lead sb.to sp.把某人领到某地28.get lost 迷路29.change one's plan 改变计划30.tell sb.to do sth.叫某人做某31.in the moonlight 在月光下32.find one's way home 找到某人回家的路33.the next day 第二天34.send sb.to sp.派某人去某地35.so.that.如此.以致于.36.be new to 对陌生/不熟悉37.hide from 隐藏38.more than 超过39.fall in love (with) 爱上; 喜欢上40.cheat sb.of sth 欺骗某人的某物41.show sb.the way to 给某人指明去的路42.agree with sb.同意某人的看法43.for the first time.第一次【Target sentences】1.How does the story begin?2.Once upon a time, there was a very old man 3.As soon as the man finished talking, Yu Gong said 4.There were two mountains near his house.They were so high and big that it took a long time to walk to the other side.5.the old man told his family that they should all help him to move the mountains.6.Yu Gong said they could put it into the sea because it's big enough to hold everything.7.As soon as the man finished (talking / speaking), Yu Gong said that his family could continue to move the mountains after he died.8.Finally, a god was so moved by Yu Gong that he sent (two / three) gods to take the mountains away.9.This story reminds us that you can never know whats possible unless you try to make it happen.10.Hansel dropped the stones as they walked.【Language points】1.Hou Yi Shoots the Suns shoot v.射击；发射shoot此处作及物动词，其过去式和过去分词均为shot。shoot还可作不及物动词，与介词at连用，表示动作的方向或目标。shoot at意为“向射击”。He shot an arrow from his bow.The soldiers are shooting at the target.2.He told Yu Gong he could never do it because he was old and weak.weak adj.虚弱的；无力的weak在此处意为“虚弱的；无力的”，反义词为strong（强壮的），其比较级形式为weaker。At the hospital, my body was weak, but my mind was still very clear.【拓展延伸】 1).weak还可表示“不擅长的；（能力）弱的；懦弱的”。be weak in 意为“在方面差”，相当于 be bad at 。Geography is my weak subject.2).weak的名词形式为weakness，意为“懦弱；衰弱；弱点，缺点”。He thought crying was a sign of weakness.3.This story reminds us that you can never know whats possible unless you try to make it happen.remind v.提醒；使想起The movie reminds me of my childhood.My parents often remind me to study hard.He reminds me that it is necessary to take some money with me.4.I think its a little bit silly.1) a little bit 有点儿，稍微a little bit 常用来修饰形容词或副词及其比较级，相当于 a little, a bit 或 kind of 。Its a little bit ( = a little / a bit / kind of ) hot today.Youd better come a little bit earlier tomorrow.2) silly adj.愚蠢的；不明事理的silly作形容词，既可作定语，也可作表语。silly的比较级和最高级分别是sillier和silliest。Thats a silly question.I thought it was silly to speak like that.5.But what could Yu Gong do instead of moving the mountains?instead of 代替；反而instead 与 instead of 两者都有“代替”的含义， He didnt reply.Instead, he left the room.Now in China, more and more people are willing to use Huaweis products instead of foreign ones.6.This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects.turn into 把变成turn into 相当于 change into。They turned/changed the reading room into a laboratory.【拓展延伸】 turn into表示“变成”，turn在此作不及物动词。A few weeks later, winter turned into spring.7.But unless he can hide his tail, he cannot turn himself into a man. hide v.隐藏；隐蔽；(过去式hid) 过去分词为hidden。与hide相关的短语：hide sth from sth/sb.“把某物藏起来，远离某物、某人”。Hearing someone come in,he hid himself behind the door.He tried to hide evidence from the police.【拓展延伸】hide 还可作名词，意为“隐蔽处，藏身处”。We found a good hide to watch birds.hide-and-seek 捉迷藏8.To fight bad people, the Monkey King uses a magic stick.1）magic adj.有魔力的；有神奇力量的Have you ever heard the magic sword?【拓展延伸】 magic 还可作名词，意为“魔法；魔术”。magician 作名词，意为“魔术师；巫师”。The magician is performing magic on the stage.He is waving a magic wand(魔杖).Do you think he has magic?2）stick n.棍，条作名词，意为“棍，条” He used a stick to beat me.stick作动词，意为“坚持”。其常见用法为stick to sth.“坚持某事”9.The Monkey King has excited the children of China for many years.1）本句中 has excited 是现在完成时结构。现在完成时表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，基本结构为“have/has + 动词的过去分词”。Our school life has changed a lot since 2017.We have more activities now.2）excite v.使激动; 使兴奋The match result excited us. ( = We were excited at the match result.)During the match, people shouted in excitement.10.And as soon as the TV program came out more than 30 years ago, Western children became interested in .1）come out 出版；发行；发表When is her new novel coming out?2）Western adj.西方国家的；（犹指）欧美的；西方的【拓展延伸】表示方向的名词，加后缀ern，可构成相应的形容词：11.As soon as the prince saw her, he fell in love with her.fall in love 爱上; 喜欢上fall in love 强调动作，不可与表示一段时间的状语连用。She fell in love with the book as soon as she saw it.How did you fall in love with my dad, mom?【拓展延伸】和一段时间连用时用 be in love with，意为“喜欢，热爱”。How long have you been in love with each other?12.The prince knew that unless the girls foot could fit the shoe, it was not the right girl.fit v.适合；合身fit 作动词，其主语通常是衣服、鞋袜等名词，宾语通常是表示人的名词或代词。This pair of jeans doesnt fit me.Its too tight.Your dress fits well.【拓展延伸】 fit 还可作形容词，用法如下：表示“健康的”，相当于 healthy，常用短语keep fit “保持健康”。Can you give us some advice on how to keep fit/healthy?表示“（质量、素质或技能）适合的”。Is he fit for the job?These books are not fit for children to read.13.The new couple were so happy that they couldnt stop smiling when they got married.1) cant stop doing sth.情不自禁做某事cant stop doing sth.与 cant help doing sth.意思相同。I couldnt stop/help crying after seeing that movie.2) get married 结婚get married 表示动作，为非延续性动词短语，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。表示“结婚一段时间”，应用 be married。get/be married to sb.表示“与某人结婚”。Lucy and Peter got married last week.They have been married for ten years.The beautiful girl got married to a policeman.【拓展延伸】 14.Nobody wanted to sound stupid.nobody pron.没有人 n.小人物nobody 在此处作不定代词，意为“没有人”，相当于 no one，作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。Nobody knows what will happen.nobody 还可作名词，表示“小人物”，指无足轻重的人。We shouldnt look down on anybody, even if he is a nobody.15.They were trying to cheat the emperor.cheat v.欺骗；蒙骗 n.骗子1) cheat sb. 意为“欺骗某人”; 2)cheat sb.of sth. 意为“骗取某人的某物”。例如: They cheated the old woman of her house and money. 3) cheat还可作名词，意为“骗子”。One day tow cheats came to see the emperor.16.The wife told her husband that unless he left the children to die in the forest, the whole family would die. whole adj.全部的；整体的【易混辨析】 whole 与 all17.Tonight, when the moon is shining bright, well be able to see the stones.bright adv.光亮地；明亮地 adj.明亮的；光线充足的 bright 此处作副词，意为“光亮地；明亮地”常与动词 burn，shine 等连用。The stars were shining bright. bright 还可作形容词，意为“明亮的；光线充足的”，其比较级为brighter, 最高级为brightest。The room is comfortable and bright.18.What a long time you slept in the forest! what 引导的感叹句：中心词是名词或名词短语【拓展延伸】how也可引导感叹句， 这种感叹句的中心词是形容词或副词。其结构是：How+形容词/副词(+主语+谓语)!【特别提醒】what引导的感叹句有时可与how引导感叹句进行相互转化。What an interesting story it is! = How interesting the story is!19.Its leading us to that wonderful house made of bread, cake and candy.lead v.带路；领路lead在此作动词，意为“带路；领路”。此外，lead还可表示“通向；导致；过（某种生活）”等。lead的过去式和过去分词均为led。20.Then they hear an old womans voice from inside the house.voice n.声音21.Hansel dropped the stones as they walked.as conj.当的时候as在此处作连词，引导时间状语从句，表示主从句动作同时进行。I read the letter as I walked along the river.【Grammar Focus】状语从句（连词unless、 as soon as和sothat）连词unless、 as soon as和sothat1.as soon as 的用法as soon as 意为“一就”，引导时间状语从句。若主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。As soon as he arrives, we will start to work.I will do my homework as soon as I finish the meal.We chose the house for our home as soon as we saw it.As soon as I went in, Jason greeted me warmly.2.unless 的用法unless 意为“除非；如果不”，引导条件状语从句，如果主句为一般将来时、祈使句或主句含有情态动词，条件状语从句中的谓语常用一般现在时表将来。Unless it rains tomorrow, we will go camping.Dont watch TV unless you finish your homework.You should stick to taking exercise unless you do not care about your health.【拓展延伸】 通常情况下， unless可与 if not 结构进行转换。Unless we are careful, we cant do our work well.= If we are not careful, we cant do our work well.3.so that 的用法so that 意为“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句，其中 so 是副词，修饰形容词或副词，其构成为“so + 形容词/副词 + that 从句”。He worked so hard that he passed the exam.He was so worried that he didnt sleep well last night.【拓展延伸】1） such that也可引导结果状语从句，但 such 为限定词，修饰名词，其结构为“such (+ a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + that 从句”。This is such an important problem that we should take it seriously.2）so that 结构有时可与 too to(太而不能），not enough to do （做某事不够）结构互换。The man is so weak that he cant swim across the river.= The man is too weak to swim across the river.= The man is not strong enough to swim across the river.【特别提醒】 当形容词为 many/much/few/little（少）时，要用 so，不要用 such，即“so + many/much/few/little + 名词 + that 从句”。There are so many apples that I cant eat them all.注意：遇到两多两少 much/ many/ few/ little 只能用 sothat【Topic writing】My favorite story is The Fox and the Crow.Once there lived a fox and a crow.The fox was very cunning(狡猾的)One day the fox found the crow carrying a piece of meat in his mouthThe fox wanted to get the meat in the crow's mouth.Whatever the fox said，the crow kept standing in the tree in silence until the fox told the crow he had the most beautiful voice.The crow was so happy to hear this that he opened his mouth to sing a song.As a result，as soon as he opened his mouth，the meat fell onto the ground and the fox got it.I think the story is interesting and meaningfulIt reminds us that we should never believe the person who wants to cheat us.6