2023届高三英语培优外刊阅读学案：经济话题.docx

优点英语高三英语培优外刊阅读班级：_学号：_姓名：_外刊精选老板们的“冷脸”，比经济寒冬来得更早近日，华为创始人任正非再提“寒冬论”，表示未来十年全球经济会持续衰退，号召华为上下要把活下来作为最主要纲领，并称“要把寒气传递给每个人”。无独有偶，面对“寒气逼人”的全球经济，美国诸多大公司也开始实行更为冷峻的经营策略。企业态度的转变将对员工产生什么影响？我们每一个普通个体，又该如何应对？CEOs Ditch Kinder Approach as Economy Shows Signs of ChillingBy Chip CutterThe era of the kinder, gentler CEO is fading.The CEO of Google's parent company told staff to work with "greater urgency, sharper focus, and more hunger than we've shown on sunnier days." Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg said that the Facebook owner must operate with greater intensity; an engineering leader at the company also recently told managers to identify and push out low performers.The shift in messaging reflects increasing anxiety in the C-suite about where the economy is headed. The majority of CEOs think a recession is coming or already here. When leaders fear a downturn, their talk and actions change.Many CEOs disliked remote work from the beginning and are tired of hiding it. Privately, some CEOs have said the prospect of an economic downturn will give them greater license to order their employees back into offices.Bosses can also take a harder line only so far, executives and coaches say, in an environment in which unemployment remains low and the most talented employees still have plenty of options. "Some organizations are kind of trying to take advantage of the macro fear environment and scare people back into the office," said Rich Barton, CEO of Zillow Group, which has embraced flexible work for its employees. "I'm not a big fan of that.""Great leadership is as steady as possible," Mr. Barton said. "It's not very efficient to hit the accelerator and slam on the brakes all the time."【词汇过关】请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。1.ditch dt v. _；n. _2.approach prot n. _3.chill tlv. _；n. _；adj. _4.era rn. _5.urgency rdnsi n. _6.sharp rpadj. _7.focus foks n. _8.hunger hr n. _9.Meta_10.intensity ntensti n. _11.identify adentfav. _12.C-suite_13.recession rsenn. _14.downturn dantrnn._15.license lasnsn. _16.macro mækroadj. _17.hit htv. _18.slam slæmv. _【词块学习】请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。1.谷歌母公司，即Alphabet公司_2.淘汰（eliminate）_3.绩效低的员工_4.远程办公_5.对人或事非常苛刻，采取严厉手段_6.带有功利色彩地利用_7.我反对._拓展练习阅读理解Devotees of Stump-town Coffee, a high-end roastery with fewer than 10 total locations in four select cities, pride themselves on avoiding mainstream coffee chains. What they are probably unaware of, however, as they sip their mochas and cold brews, is that their favorite spot of individuality may soon be just another chain in the Phoenix airport. What they might suspect even less is that they will have a different shopping experience in the coffee shop. Stump-town, the iconic small-scale brand, was recently acquired by Peets, a chain with a couple hundred locations. Peets has been in the news for taking over Intelligentsia, another well-loved and self-consciously indie coffee brand. Stump-towns sale to Peets exemplifies an economic phenomenon not limited to the world of craft coffee. Stump-town joins the ranks of a number of popular brands that went from independent to corporate - then Italian San Pellegrino, now owned by the Swiss giant Nestle (along with its main competitor Perrier), the originally Quaker-owned chocolate-bar maker, Cad-bury, acquired by the U. S. corporation formerly known as Kraft, and The Body Shop, the cosmetics brand synonymous with ethical sourcing, bought by the French behemoth LOreal, to name a few. Stump-towns story is typical of an innovative young venture becoming a victim of its own success. Founded in 1999 by Duane Sorenson in his native Oregon, it turned into a national phenomenon and was at the forefront of the small-scale retailers that positioned coffee - making, and coffee-drinking, as a kind of art form. Stump-towns business model rested on providing an intensely personal experience. Coffee-drinkers were treated with top-notch beans and unique brews crafted in Stump-towns “coffee labs,” But these personal touches dont fit well in the assembly lines of large-scale operations. The arithmetic of the “bigger is better” paradigm(范例), or what economist call “economies of scale,” is simple enough. The larger the machine, the more lattes it can spew out. Most of all, scale translates into standardization: the conversion of an unpredictable creative process into a precise and highly economical algorithm(算法)of production. All of this means more profits. But, based on studies of human behavior in places ranging from blood banks to daycare centers, academics now recognize that the calculus is more complex: People act more responsibly in the context of personal relationships that are meaningful to them than in strictly commercial deals, Loyal customers dont mind going that extra mile to get the perfect cup of coffee. Smaller institutions have much to offer - not just sentimentally, but also in terms of pure economics. The idea goes back to the 20th century British economist E. F. Schumachers declaration that “Small is beautiful,” a notion fashionable again in the era of institutions “too big to fail.” Since the logic of scale is more attuned to quantity than quality, workers (whose wages are usually driven down), consumers (who enjoy lower prices, but usually get a worse product) and the landscape of the economy (which shows signs of marked decreases in diversity) all suffer from growth that is too rapid. Size is the traditional measurement of a companys success, but when stability is pursued as passionately as profit, less may truly be more.5.Which of the following statements about Stump-town Coffee is NOT true?A.The brand of Stump-town used to highlight individuality.B.The loyal consumers of Stump-town are aware of its intention for business expansion.C.It was Stump-towns own success that drew the attention of a large-scale corporation.D.Stump-towns acquisition case reflects a worldwide trend of independent brands going corporate.6.What does “economies of scale” in the fourth paragraph mean?A.It means bigger companies ensure a better relationship between the brand and its consumers.B.It means economic returns increase with the rise of the cost.C.It means standardized scale is the working model for big companies.D.It means the precisely calculated process of mass production is the profitable model.7.What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?A.Blood banks offered valid proof for the idea “The bigger, the better.”B.Loyalty of the customers is the central issue in the success of smaller businesses.C.Smaller businesses make people feel emotional attachment, but they will ultimately fail because of their size.D.Smaller companies stand a chance to succeed if they can ensure stability.8.Which of the following is the bet title for the passage?A.How Badly Hurting Are Those Acquisition Cases?B.Should Every Business Scale Up?C.How Long Will Uniformity Go in Globalization?D.Will Stump-town Coffee Regain Its Identity?外刊精选答案【词汇过关】请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。1.ditch dt v. 抛弃；n. （本义）沟渠2.approach prot n. （思考问题的）方式3.chill tlv. 降温，变冷，转冷；n. 寒颤，寒意；adj. 好相处的4.era rn. 时代5.urgency rdnsi n. 紧迫性6.sharp rpadj. 敏锐的；时尚的，有魅力的7.focus foks n. 专注度8.hunger hr n. 饥渴感，渴望9.Meta其前身为Facebook公司10.intensity ntensti n. 强度，极致程度11.identify adentfav. 找出，识别出12.C-suite领导班子，企业领导层13.recession rsenn. 经济衰退14.downturn dantrnn. 衰退15.license lasnsn. 权限，许可16.macro mækroadj. 宏观的17.hit htv. 猛击18.slam slæmv. 猛击【词块学习】请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。1.Google's parent company谷歌母公司，即Alphabet公司2.push out淘汰（eliminate）3.low performer绩效低的员工4.remote work远程办公5.take a hard line对人或事非常苛刻，采取严厉手段6.take advantage of带有功利色彩地利用7.I'm not a big fan of .我反对.【全文翻译】经济出现转冷迹象，CEO们一改过去的温和作风那个CEO行事仁慈、待人温和的时代正在落幕。谷歌母公司CEO对员工说：“与市场一片向好的时候相比，如今大家在工作中要展现出更高的紧迫性、更集中的专注力以及更强烈的渴求。”Meta公司的CEO马克·扎克伯格表示，公司全体员工必须以更高的强度投入工作；最近，该公司的一名技术负责人也让主管们找出低绩效的员工，并将他们淘汰出局。这种领导层言论中所传递出的转变，反映出企业高管对于经济前景的态度变得越发焦虑。大多数CEO认为，经济衰退即将到来，或者说已经降临。而当企业领导者对经济下滑感到担忧时，他们讲话和做事都会发生变化。许多CEO从一开始就不喜欢远程办公，如今对它的厌恶更是不加掩饰。一些CEO私下表示，低迷的经济前景将给他们更充分的理由，要求员工回到办公室上班。不过，企业高管和职业顾问指出，当前失业率仍保持在低位，最优秀的员工依然有大把的工作机会，在这种情况下，老板们对员工态度再强硬，也会有个限度。线上房地产公司兹罗集团（Zillow Group）为员工提供弹性工作制，该公司CEO里奇·巴顿（Rich Barton）说道：“有些企业似乎在利用人们普遍抱有担忧情绪的大环境，把员工吓回办公室。但我不喜欢这样。”“卓越的领导力应该是尽可能地保持稳定，”巴顿先生说道，“一会儿踩油门、一会儿踩刹车，这样的公司运行效率不会很高。”拓展练习阅读理解参考答案：5.B    6.D    7.D    8.B