精品解析：2023届江苏南京师范大学附属中学高三一模适应性考试英语试题（原卷版）.docx

江苏南师大附中20222023学年高三一模适应性考试英语(本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What did the woman forget? A. Her gloves. B. Her scarf. C. Her coat.2. What does the boy suggest doing? A. Going to the circus. B. Playing with small animals.C. Taking a trip to a farm.3. How far is the last stop sign? A. Two blocks away. B. Three blocks away. C. Five blocks away.4. Why couldnt the woman hear the man clearly? A. The man was eating.B. The man was in the shower.C. The woman has bad hearing.5. Where are the speakers? A. In a gas station. B. In a clinic. C. In an interview room.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. How many people were going on the trip at first?A Four. B. Three. C. Two.7. Why does the woman want to reschedule? A. The tickets will be cheaper later. B. The trip will cost more than her budget.C. The event will be changing places.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Family members. C. Strangers.9. Why did bakers put an extra piece of bread in a bag in the past? A. There was more space in the bag. B They wanted to make the customers happy.C. They were afraid to be punished for giving too little.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. How does the woman feel about the dinner? A. Nervous. B. Confident. C. Relaxed.11. Who does the woman have something in common with? A. The mans sister. B. The mans mother. C. The mans grandma.12. What will the woman bring to the dinner? A. Some decorations. B. Something to eat. C. Something to drink.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. What is the girls project topic related to? A. History. B. Foreign language. C. International relations.14. When will the trip to Paris begin? A. On Friday. B. In five days. C. About half a month later.15. What might help persuade the girls father to let her go? A. That many other students will be going.B. That almost everything will already be paid for.C. That the group will visit many interesting places. 16. Who is the man? A. The school principal. B. A college professor. C. A high school teacher.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. According to the talk, what do most people agree on?A. People should eat less meat.B. The endangered animals shouldnt be hunted.C. Hunting is likely to go down worldwide.18. Why are there so many white-tailed deer in the United States?A. It is illegal to hunt them.B. Other animals dont kill them.C. Their natural environment is improving fast.19. What is the good reason for hunters to shoot the deer?A. The deer cause car accidents.B. The deer damage the crop.C. The deer harm other animals.20. What is the best argument against deer hunting? A. It is cruel.B. It leads to more human deaths.C. It doesnt keep their numbers down.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分，满分37.5 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASpecial Food Places to Try In SingaporeIts an unpleasant fact that local food places are usually meant to cater to meat-eaters. It can be difficult to find a tasty food place that caters to meat-free diet. Here are some options to show you dont need meat for a satisfactory treat.Vegan BurgVegan Burg has a surprisingly diverse range of plant-based burgers. From Hawaiian Teriyaki to Char-Grilled Satay, the menu promises to tempt even the most hardcore meat lovers. And thats not even getting into the add-ons and sides it offers, such as mushroom fries and barbecue potatoes.Woods Square Tower, #01-06, Singapore 737737Genesis RestaurantThis eatery proves that meat-free dishes can be as hearty and flavorful as their meat-based counterparts. Genesis Restaurant is especially known for its juicy dumplings, spring rolls, pork-free noodles and tofu cheesecake.Havelock Road, #B1-01, Singapore 059763WellSmoocht CollectiveWellSmoocht is a cafe and dessert bar which specializes in plant-based ice cream. Made from brown rice, sugar cane juice and fruits or nut butters, Smoochts rice cream, as they call it, comes in a wide variety of delicious flavors such as Earl Grey Lavender,Rose Coconut and Gula Melaka.Sin Ming Centre, #01-03, Singapore 575628Green CommonThis one-stop plant-based eatery and marketplace has a delicious menu of mouth-watering meat-free dishes, from Japanese cuisine like sushi and miso glazed fillet to Western dishes like fishless tacos and pasta, as well as local favourites such as seafood laksa and even buah keluak rice.HarbourFront Walk, #169-170, Singapore 0985851. Who is the passage intended for?A. Those who want to lose weight.B. Those who dont eat meat.C. Those who cant go without meat.D. Those who prefer home-made food.2. What is Genesis Restaurant famous for?A. Chinese-friendly food.B. Plant-based burgers.C. Plant-based ice-cream.D. Japanese seafood.3. Where should you go if you have a sweet tooth?A. Woods Square Tower, #01-06.B. Havelock Road, #B1-01.C. Sin Ming Centre, #01-03.D. HarbourFront Walk, #169-170.BSociety tells us we should socialise to the fullest, and that those who are surrounded by people are the most successful and the happiest. These days, were almost always connected, whether in person or through our phone screens and online social networks. But theres something to be said for solitude(独处), “Being alone doesnt necessarily mean being lonely”. In fact, spending time by yourself is an essential element of self-care. Around the globe, different cultures have wide-ranging perspectives on what it means to spend time alone. If you live or have spent time in the United States, youre probably aware that Americans tend to reject solitude. For many younger people, weekends are packed with social activities, ranging from brunch with friends to dinner parties to game nights to drinking at bars and everything in between. The United States isnt the only place where youll find a heavy emphasis on social time. Across the Atlantic, the United Kingdom is known for being an extremely extroverted(外向型的)country. A survey of Brits found that more than half had never done and would be unwilling to do activities like going to theme parks or seeing live music alone. Most Brits spend almost twice as much of their leisure time socialising with others as they do being alone. The home can be a place of rest, relaxation and rechargethat is, if you live by yourself or have the space to be alone in your home. The country in which people are least likely to live alone is India, at about 4 percent of the population. China is also quite fond of multiple-person households, with only about 10 percent of people living by themselves. In more collectivist cultures like these, many aspects of life are related to community. Thus, spending time alone isnt as ingrained(根深蒂固的)as a social convention in places like these, and the good of the group takes priority over the needs of one person.4. What can we learn from the first paragraph?A. People can benefit more from solitude.B. People tend to socialise more nowadays.C. Being alone generally equals being lonely.D. Being alone enables people to be carefree.5. Which of the following best describes young Americans?A. Imaginative and wild.B. Responsible and energetic.C. Optimistic and dutiful.D. Outgoing and sociable.6. Why are most Chinese people more likely to live together?A. Because they share a specific culture.B. Because they lack some local customs.C. Because they possess enough home space.D. Because they give priority to their own needs.7. Whats the best title for the passage?A. The Essence of Self-careB. Enjoy Solitude, Enjoy YourselfC. The Functions of Different CulturesD. The Perspectives on SolitudeCOn January 7, David Bennett went into the operating room at the University of Maryland Medical Center for a surgical procedure never performed before on a human. The 57-year-old Maryland resident had been hospitalized for months due to a life threatening disease. His heart was failing him and he needed a new one.Bennetts condition left him unresponsive to treatment and ineligible (不合格) for the transplant list or an artificial heart pump. The physician-scientists at the center, however, had another-also risky- option: transplant (移植) a heart from a genetically-modified pig.“It was either die or do this transplant,” Bennett had told surgeons a day before the operation. “I want to live. I know its a shot in the dark, but its also my last choice.”It took the medical team eight hours to finish the operation, making Bennett the first human to successfully receive a pigs heart. “Its working and it looks normal. We are thrilled, but we dont know what tomorrow will bring us. This has never been done before,” Barkley Griffith, who led the transplant team, told the New York Times.While its only been five days since the operation, the surgeons say that Bennetts new pig heart was, so far, functioning as expected and his body wasnt rejecting (排斥) the organ. They are still monitoring his condition closely.“I think its extremely exciting,” says Robert Montgomery, transplant surgeon and director of the NYU Langone Transplant Institute, who was not involved in Bennetts operation. The result of the procedure was also personally meaningful for Montgomery, who received a heart transplant in 2018 due to a genetic disease that may also affect members of his family in the future. “Its still in the early days, but still the heart seems to be functioning. And that in and of itself is an extraordinary thing. Up to now most experimental heart transplant procedures have been done between pigs and other animals. This is the first time that surgeons have taken it into a living human.”8. What do the words “a shot in the dark” underlined in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Something that costs a fortune.B. Something impossible to succeed.C. Something drawing public attention.D. Something with an uncertain outcome.9. What is Barkley Griffiths attitude to Bennetts post-operation condition?A. Negative.B. Cautious.C. Optimistic.D Uncaring.10. What is the text mainly about?A. The heated debate over the pig heart transplant.B. David Bennetts contribution to medical research.C. The first experimental pig heart transplant in the world.D. The first successful pig heart transplant into a living human.11. In which section of a magazine may this text appear?A. Political Affairs.B. Global Entertainment.C. Sci-Tech Front.D. Financial Window.DWomen were less likely than men to support the Vietnam war, the Gulf war, or the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq. They commit far fewer murders. They are less likely to favor strikes. For some scholars, these are grounds for thinking that a world run by women would be more peaceful.But European history suggests otherwise, according to political scientists Oeindrila Dube and S. P. Harish. They studied how often European rulers went to war between 1480 and 1913, and found that states ruled by queens were 27% more likely to get involved in wars than those ruled by kings.This was not all the queens fault: men, seeing them as soft targets, tended to attack them. Frederick the Great of Prussia once declared: ”No woman should ever be allowed to govern anything.“ Shortly after becoming king, he attacked the newly crowned Archduchess of Austria, Maria Theresa, and seized Silesia province. Despite years of war, she never recovered it.But perceived weakness is not the whole story. Queens, the researchers found, were more likely to gain new territory. Catherine the Great expanded her empire by some 200,000 square miles. And married queens were more aggressive than single queens or kings, whether single or married.The authors suggest several reasons for this. First, married queens may have been able to form more military alliances(联盟),making them confident enough to pick fights. Their husbands had often served in the army before they married, and were well placed to strengthen military ties between their homelands and their wives states.Second, unlike most kings, queens often gave their husbands a lot of power,putting them in charge of foreign policy or the economy. During the 1740s, Maria Theresas husband, Francis I, reformed the Austrian economy and raised money for the armed forces while his wife ruled much of central Europe. Prince Albert was Queen Victorias most trusted adviser, shaping her foreign policy until his death in1861. This division of labor, the authors suggest, freed up time for queens to pursue more aggressive policies.The modern era, too, has witnessed female leaders in wars: Golda Meir and the Yom Kippur war, or Margaret Thatcher and the Falklands. The number of countries led by women has more than doubled since 2000, but there is plenty of room for improvement: the current level of 15 represents less than 10 % of the total. A world in which more women took power might be more equal. Whether it would be more peaceful is a different question.12. The underlined “perceived weakness” in paragraph 4 means that_.A. women were less likely to support warsB. women could not recover lost territoryC. women commit far fewer crimesD. women were soft targets13. Why were married queens more likely to gain new territory?A. Because their military alliances picked fights for them.B. Because they were ambitious and aggressive by nature.C. Because their husbands were supportive in state governing.D. Because they centralized all power into their own hands.14. What is the purpose of mentioning the two female leaders in the last paragraph?A. To imply there is room for improvement in gender equality.B. To indicate more females become leaders in modern times.C. To illustrate female leaders cannot prevent wars in modern times.D. To suggest female leaders have their share of wars in modern times.15. According to the passage, we can safely conclude that_.A. married women are not fit to govern their states on their ownB. female leaders should be responsible for all wars throughout historyC. the world wouldnt be more peaceful even if more women took powerD. the division of labor allows queens to survive economic crisis第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。China has been the birthplace of many of the world's greatest inventions.