新概念必背.docx
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1、精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -优质资料欢迎下载新概念三Lesson 14A noble gangster贵族歹徒Th ere was a time when the owners of shops and businesses in Chicago had to pay large sums of money togangstersi n return for protection . If the money was not paidpromptly , the gangsters would quickly put a mano
2、ut o f busi ness by destroyinghis shop. Obtainingprotection money is not a modern crime. As long ago as the fourteenth century, an Englishman, Sir John Hawkwood, made theremarkable discovery that peoplewould rathe r pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters.Six hundred
3、 years ago, Sir Johan Hawkwoodarrived in Italy with a band of soldiers andsettled near Florence.He soonmade a name for himsel f andcame to be k nown to the Italians as Giovanni Acuto. Whenever the Italian city-states wereat war with each other, Hawkwood used to hire his soldiers to princes who were
4、willing to pay thehigh price hedemanded . I n ti mes o f peace, when business was bad, Hawkwood and his men wouldmarch into a city-state and, after bu rning d own a few farms, would of fer to go away if protection money was paid to them. Hawkwood made l arge s ums of money in this way.In spite of th
5、is, the Italiansregarded him as a sort of hero. When he dieda t the age of eighty, the Florentines gave him a state funeral and had a pictured painted which wasdedicatedto theme mo ry of the mostvaliant soldier and mostnotable leader, Signor Giovanni Haukodue.曾经有一个时期,芝加哥的店主和商行的老板们不得不拿出大笔的钱给歹徒以换取爱护 。
6、假如交款不准时 ,歹徒们就会很快捣毁他的商店,让他破产 . 榨取 爱护金 并不是一种现代的罪责行径.早在14 世纪 ,英国人约翰 . 霍克伍德就有过特殊的发觉:人们愿意拿出大笔的钱,也不愿毕生的心血毁于歹徒之手.600 年前 ,约翰 .霍克伍德爵士带着一队士兵来到意大利,在佛罗伦萨邻近驻扎下来, 很快就出了名 .意大利人叫他乔凡尼.阿库托 .每次意大利各城邦之间发生战争,霍克伍德把他的士兵雇佣给愿给他出高价的君主。和平常期 ,当生意萧条时 ,霍克伍德便带领士兵进入某个城邦,纵火烧毁一两个农场,然后提出 ,如向他们缴纳爱护金, 他们便主动撤离。 霍克伍德用这种方法挣了大笔钱.尽管如此 ,意大利人
7、仍是把他视作某种英雄。他 80 岁那年死去时 , 佛罗伦萨人为他举办了国葬,并为他画像以纪念这位骁勇无比的战士、杰出的领导乔凡尼.阿库托先生 .Lesson 17The longest suspension bridge in the world世界上最长的吊桥Verrazano, an Italian about whom little is known, sailed into New York Harbour in 1524 and named it Angouleme.He described it as a very agreeable situation located withi
8、n two small hills in the midst of which flowed a great river. Though Verrazano is by no means considered to be a great explorer, his name willprobably remain immortal , for on November 21st, 1964, the longest suspension bridge in the world was named after him.The Verrazano Bridge, which wasdesigned
9、by Othmar Ammann, joins Brooklyn to Staten Island. It has aspan of 4,260 feet. The bridge is so long that theshape of the earth had to betaken into ac count by its designer. Two great towers support four huge cables. The towers are built on immense underwater platforms mad e of steel and concrete.可编
10、辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 42 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -优质资料欢迎下载Theplatformsex tend to a depth of over 100 feet under the sea. These alone took sixteen months to build. Abovethe surfaceof the water, the towers ri
11、se to a heightof nearly 700 feet. They support the cables from which the bridge has beensuspended. Eac h of the fourcables contains26,108 lengthsof wire. It hasbeen estimated that if the bridge were packed with cars, it would still only be carrying a third of its totalcapacity . However, size and st
12、rength are notthe only important things about this bridge. Despite its immensity, it is both simple andelegant , fulfillingits designersdream to create an enormous object drawn as faintly as possible.1524 年,一位鲜为人知的意大利人维拉萨诺驾船驶进纽约港,并将该港名为安古拉姆。他对该港作了这样的描述:“的理位置特别相宜,位于两座小山的中间,一条大河从中间流过”。虽然维拉萨诺确定算不上一个宏大的
13、探险家,但他的名字将流芳百世,由于1964 年 11月 21 日建成的一座世界上最长的吊桥是以他的名字命名。维拉萨诺大桥由奥斯马.阿曼设计,连结着布鲁克林与斯塔顿岛,桥长4,260 英尺。由于桥身太长,设计者不得不考虑了的表的外形。两座巨塔支撑着4 根粗大的钢缆。塔身建在巨大的水下钢盘混凝土平台上。平台深化海底100 英尺。仅这两座塔就花了16 个月才建成。塔身高出水面将近700 英尺。高塔支撑着钢缆,而钢缆又悬吊着大桥,4 根钢缆中的每根由26, 108 股钢绳组成。据估量,如桥上摆满了 汽车,也只不过是桥的总承载力的1/3。然而,这座桥重要特点不仅是它的规模与强度。尽管此桥很大,但它的结构
14、简洁,造型美丽,实现了设计者妄想制造一个“尽量用细线条勾画出一个庞然大物”的抱负。Lesson 21Daniel Mendoza丹尼尔 .门多萨Boxing matches were very popular in England two hundred years ago. In those days, boxers fought with bare fists for priz e mon ey. Because of this, they wereknown as prize-fighters. However, boxing was very crude, for there were
15、no rules and a prize-fighter could beseriously injured or even killed during a match.One of the most colourful figuresin boxing history was Daniel Mendoza,who was born in 1764. The use of gloves was not introduceduntil 1860, when the Marquis of Queensberry drew u p the first set of rules. Though he
16、was technically a prize-fighter, Mendoza did much to change crude prize-fighting into a sport, for he brought science to the game.In h is day , Mendozaenjoye d tremen dous popularity. He wasadored by rich and poor alike.Mendoza ros e to fa me swiftly after a boxing-match when he was only fourteen ye
17、ars old. This attractedthe attention of Richard Humphries who was then the most eminent boxer in England. Heoffered to train Mendoza and his young pupil was quick to learn. In fact, Mendoza soon became so successful that Humphriestur ned against him. The two men quarrelledbitterly and it was clear t
18、hat the argument could only be settledby a fight. A match was held at Stilton, where both men fought for an hour. The public bet a great deal of money on Mendoza, but he was defeated . Mendoza met Humphriesin t he r in g on a lateroccasion and he lost for a second time. It was not until his third ma
19、tch in 1790that he finally beat Humphries and becameChampion ofEngland. Meanwhile, he founded a highlysuccessful Academy可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 42 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -优质资料欢迎下载and even Lord Byron became
20、 one of his pupils. He earned e normous s ums of money and was paid as muc h as 100 pounds for a single appearance. Despite this, he was so extravagant that he was always in debt. After he was defeated by a boxer called Gentleman Jackson, he was quickly forgotten. He was sent to prison for failing t
21、o pay his debtsand diedin po ve rty in 1836.两百年前,拳击竞赛在英国特别盛行。当时,拳击手们不戴手套,为争夺奖金而搏斗。因此,他们被称作“职业拳击手 ”。不过,拳击是特别野蛮的,由于当时没有任何竞赛规章,职业拳击手有可能在竞赛中受重伤,甚至丧命。拳击史上最引人注目的人物之一是丹尼尔.门多萨,他生于1764 年。1860 年昆斯伯里侯爵第一次为拳击竞赛制定了规章,拳击竞赛这才用上了手套。虽然门多萨严格来讲不过是个职业拳击手,但在把这种粗野的拳击变成一种体育运动方面,他作出了重大奉献。是他把科学引进了这项运动。门多萨在他的全盛时期深受大家欢迎,无论是富人
22、仍是穷人都对他祟拜备至。门多萨在 14 岁时参与一场拳击赛后一举成名。这引起当时英国拳坛名将理查德.汉弗莱斯的留意。他主动提出教授门多萨,而年少的门多萨一学就会。事实上,门多萨不久便名声大振,致使汉弗莱斯与他反目为敌。两个人争执不休,显而易见,只有较量一番才能解决问题。于是两人在斯蒂尔顿设下赛场,厮打了一个小时。公众把大笔赌注下到了门多萨身上,但他却输了。后来,门多萨与汉弗莱斯再次在拳击场上较量,门多萨又输了一场。直到1790 年他们第 3 次对垒,门多萨才最终击败汉弗莱斯,成了全英拳击冠军。同时,他建立了一所拳击学校,办得很胜利,连拜伦勋爵也成了他的同学。门多萨挣来大笔大笔的钱,一次出场费就
23、多可达100 英镑。尽管收入不少,但他 挥霍无度,常常债台高筑。他被一个叫杰克逊绅士的拳击手击败后很快被遗忘。他因无力仍债而被捕入狱,最终于1836 年在贫困中死去。Lesson 24A skeleton in the cupboard“家丑 ”We often read in novels how aseemingly respectable person or family has some terrible secret which has beenc on cealed fro m strangers for years. The English languagepossesses a
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