8DProblem Solving Process(英文版)(ppt 69页).pptx
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1、8-D Problem Solving ProcessObjectives1. Provides participants with hand-on experience using 2. a systematic process for resolving complex cause unknown situations2. The problem solving process is composed of 8 systematic steps with decision analysis and problem definition techniques are featured. It
2、 emphasizes on utilization of cross function teams and provides appropriate composition of those teams3. The business impact the achievement of six sigma quality and ultimately total customer satisfaction by utilizing a problem solving process to find root causes and achieve permanent solutions8-D P
3、roblem Solving Process8-D Problem Solving ProcessCourse Outline1. Apply 8 step systematic process in identifying, correction and resolving complex problem2. Choose the appropriate analytical and systematic team through the 8 steps3. Practice using the 8 steps reporting system including preparation o
4、f a concern analysis report4. Working as a team8-D Problem Solving Process Overview Step 1 : Team Formation Step 2 : Describe the Issue Step 3 : Containment Plan Step 4 : Root Cause Analysis Step 5 : Corrective Action Plan Step 6 : Preventive Action Step 7 : Verification Step 8 : CongratulationsTABL
5、E OF CONTENTS8-D Problem Solving ProcessOverviewStructured Team Problem Solving Objective-To use efficient, data-based approach for problem solving & corrective actionStrategies Learn the systematic steps for effective team-oriented problem solving Use the approach as framework for applying statisti
6、cal & qualitative methods to your organizations priority concern Report the results of your problem-solving efforts for documentation & future reference Continue to improve your organization by applying these methods, project by project to each concern on priority list8-D Problem Solving ProcessUse
7、the 8 STEPPROBLEMSOLVING processonly when the cause isunknown!8-D Problem Solving Process Inhibitors1. Problem Described Incorrectly - problem description was not clear enough in scope for the team to handle2. Problem-Solving Effort Rushed - to obtain a quick solution, steps in the problem-solving p
8、rocess were skipped3. Poor Team Participation - team member did not participate effectively4. No Logical Process - a disciplined system to prioritize, analyze & review problem was not available8-D Problem Solving Process Inhibitors5. Lack of Technical Skills - statistics & problem-solving methods we
9、re not know by team members6. Managements Impatience - all levels of management demand to know exactly when a problem will be solved.7. Mis-identified Root Cause - a potential cause is cause identified as a root cause, concluding the problem investigation8. Permanent Corrective Action Not Implemente
10、d - a root cause may be identified, but no action taken to implement the permanent corrective actions8-D Problem Solving Process- Systematic, yet flexible- Superior usual methods- Efficient interdepartmental communication- Widespread familiarity- Effective management evaluation & control- More skill
11、s & creativity- Buy-in eases implementation- Good data is indisputable- Eliminates personal biases- Tied Demming philosophy- Powerful & commonly available statistical tools- STEPS provides framework for application of methods- Standard format for reporting all action- Later reference provides insigh
12、t to problem solutionProvide a structureCommon approachTeam workFact basedQuality methodDocumentation8-D Problem Solving Process -Applying Steps Predicated on team approach Use for a cause unknown situation where you are concern Must be driven top-down to provide adequate resources Management by fac
13、t and data Require action planning and documentation for each step Focus on effectively using the process not on writing the report No preconceptions!Step 1 - Initiate Project Team ObjectiveTo establish a team of group of people with product & processknowledge, skill in the appropriate technical dis
14、ciplines andallocated time and authority to take needed action to solve the problemSupporting Concepts and Methods Employee involvement / participative, management Team Leadership skill for group dynamic Meeting facilitation skills8-D Problem Solving Process -STEP 1 Team FormationStep 1 - Action & I
15、ssue Management must determine if the initial statement of concern is worth further problem solving investigation Management will designate their staff to sponsor the team as a “champion” Team member shall be designated, representing all departments that may be concerned with the problem Management
16、shall identify the expected time commitment from team member and make arrangement for peoples time availability Team member must reach consensus on a mission statement & goals, and document it in writing8-D Problem Solving Process -STEP 1 Team FormationStep 1 - Team Composition MembersGood team memb
17、er are persons who are : willing to contribute capable of diagnosing problem trainable in the use of improvement methods team players, rather than go-it-alone Team Size5 - 9 member is optimum8-D Problem Solving Process -STEP 1 Team FormationStep 1 - Use Team ApproachDetermine the problemneeds an 8DA
18、re all the needed areas of knowledge & experience represented ?Team size correct?(5/9 member)Establish time &authority to work on problemAYESNONOSelect individuals for the teamEstablish a team Leader8-D Problem Solving Process -STEP 1 Team Formation- action plan established- agenda written for next
19、meeting- Minutes of previous meeting availableAEstablish team advisorsAre all areas of technical expertise represented?Team establish workingrelationshipsIs team members clear on going & rolesYESNONOStep 1 - Use Team Approach8-D Problem Solving Process -STEP 1 Team FormationPower of the Team Approac
20、h Commitment from many disciplines (expertise) breaks down inherent barriers diversity of knowledge & expertise high morale wide range of ideas & observations open ,honest communication positive confrontation - “no right answer” everyone has something to contributeStep 1 - Use Team Approach8-D Probl
21、em Solving Process -STEP 1 Team Formation8-D Problem Solving Process -STEP 1 Team FormationStep 1 - Use Team ApproachWhy Teams May Fail No leader empowered to implement ideas personality conflicts, domination, by one member, negative attitudes excessive management expectations, not enough time insuf
22、ficient problem solving skills by members undefined progress - no sense of urgency, no goals lack of data/facts, not shared by all8-D Problem Solving Process -STEP 1 Requirements for SuccessDirectionteam discussion to clarify & ensure understanding &commitment by allTimeadequate time required from a
23、ll participants to perform the taskTrainingprovide people skills needed to approach the situationResourcetechnical expertise may be neededSpacework area for data collection or interactionLeadershipFacilitator; coordinate the resources; meetings & reporting the programStep 1 - Use Team Approach8-D Pr
24、oblem Solving Process - Hints for Problem SolvingPriorities Participation Focused Activity Causal Analysis Leadership8-D Problem Solving Process -Teamwork for Problem SolvingSkills- more talents- more experience- more knowledge- more technical competence- cross departmental lines- increased producti
25、vity- increased dignity morale- consensus decision-making- ”buy in” to change- job enrichment-better solution-solutions more likely to be accepted-response to complete stated missionCommunicationParticipationEffectivenessAdvantagesof Teams8-D Problem Solving ProcessStep 1 - Teamwork RolesLEADER- Emp
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