Digestive glands - 浙江大学教学信息化平台.ppt
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1、Digestive glands,General outline,distributed in the wall of digestive tract esophageal glands, gastric glands and intestine glands,large digestive glands,outside the wall of digestive tract salivary glands, liver and pancreas,Large salivary glands,Include parotid, submandibular and sublingual glands
2、 are compound tubuloacinar glands are composed of acini and ducts,Large salivary glands,Acinus :,acinar epithelium: simple cuboidal or pyramidal cells myoepithelial cell basal membrane,Structure:,Be divided into,Serous aciniMucous aciniMixed acini,Serous acini,cytoplasma are deep stained nucleus are
3、 spherical in shape and near the base secretion is thin, contains salivary amylase and a little mucus,Serous acini and striated duct,Mucous acini,cytoplasma are light-blue stained nucleus are flattened ovoid shaped and close to the base secretion is thick; contains mucoprotein,Mucous acini,Mixed aci
4、ni,consist of above two kinds of cells demilunes: several serous cells are attached eccentrically to the mucous acini,Mixed acini,Ducts:,Intercalated ducts,diameter: thinnestwall: simple low cuboidal epithelium,Striated duct (secretory duct),wall: simple columnar epithelium; the nucleus is near the
5、cell apex; cytoplasm is acidpphilic; has basal striations EM: the basal striations created by membrane infolding and mitochondia reabsorbing sodium and excreting potassium; transport water and ions,导管(duct),闰管:单扁或矮立方;短而细,纹状管,单柱,胞质嗜酸性,核靠近细胞顶部基底纵纹(EM:质膜内褶)转运水和电解质(保钠排钾),小叶间导管:假复柱总导管:复扁,Intercalated duc
6、t,Striated duct,Intercalated ducts and striated ducts,Interlobular duct,Wall: pseudostratified epithelium,Main duct,Near its orifice become stratified squamous epithelium,Parotid gland,pure serous gland longer intercalated duct secrete 25% of saliva, more salivary amylase, less mucus,Parotid gland,S
7、ubmandibular gland,mixed gland. Serous acini are more than mixed or mucous acini short intercalated duct, longer striated duct secrete 70% of saliva, less salivary amylase, more mucus,Submandibular gland,Sublingual gland,mixed gland, mucous and mixed acini predominant, more demilune without intercal
8、ated duct, obscure striated duct secrete 5% of saliva, most mucus,Sublingual gland,Pancreas,Exocrine portion:,the features of the acini,a single layer of pyramidal serous cells surrounded by basal lamina, without myoepithelial cells centro-acinar cells: the epithelial cells of intercalated duct pene
9、trating into the lumen of the acinus,the feature of ducts,the intercalated duct is long and has branches no striated ductmain duct: lined by simple columnar epithelium in which a few goblet cells and endocrine cells can be seen,The functions of exocrine portion,Secret abundant trypsinogen, chymotryp
10、sinogen, amylase, lipase, sodium bicarbonate and trypsin inhibitor,Pancreas,Pancreas ( show centro-acinar cells and intercalated ducts),Endocrine portion (pancreatic islet):,rounded clusters of cells embedded within exocrine pancreatic tissue are divided into three kinds of cells: A, B, and D cells
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