初中英语中考复习资料超全语法词组句型作文及知识点大全.docx
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1、精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -名师整理精华学问点其次篇句法一 、 主 要 句 式一学问概要主语+不及物动词。如: I arrived at six last night. 主语+及物动词 +宾语,如:I bought a good EnglishChinese Dictionary yesterday.主语+及物动词 +间接宾语 +直接宾语, 如:Please tell me a story before I go to bed.这样可加双宾语的句子有buy,tell, give, ask, pass, teach. 主语 +及物动词
2、 +宾语+宾语补足语,如: I found it impossible to do it.Please keep the classroom clean and tidy.主语+系动词 +表语,如:Tom is an American boy. The grass turned green in spring.在中学常见的句型中有 There be句型, 表示存在某种事物, 如:There is a map on the wallbe 动词的形式要与其后面相近的那个名词相一样。 要留意的是这种句型加入助动词后,也要保持be 动词,不要换用have,如: There is going to be
3、 a meeting tomorrow.留意主谓一样的问题,即句子的主语与谓语动词要相呼应。要留意的有如下几点: 用 and 连接两个主语时一般应视为复数, 但如一人身兼两职时就要用单数谓语动词形式,如: A singer and dancer is coming to our party. a singer and dancer 既唱歌又可舞的演员。而 a singer and a dancer就要译为:一位唱歌家和一位舞蹈家。有些以s 结尾的名词谓语动词要用单数,如: The news is good news 为不行数名词 。有量词时应按量词的数量运算。如:Thispairof glas
4、sesis goodMyglassesare broken. 有些形单却意为复数的名词,如:People are coming here这样的词仍有Police, 假如要讲一个警察时,应讲a policeman。 两个警察为two policemen。又如 a policewoman, two policewomen全部不定代词each, either, neither, one, the other, nobody, nothing, anyone, anything, someone, something要作为单数如:Someone is可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习
5、资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -名师整理精华学问点waitingforyouand notonlybut also,neithernor,eitheror如: My sister and my parents are going to the cinema。 表示转折关系的并列连词 有: but和 yet, 如 : She is a good student, but she didnt
6、pass the final exam.又如:I think the news is strange, yet it is true表示挑选关系的连词有: or, eitheror,如: Hurry up, or you will be late forschool表示因果关系的并列连词有:for , so 如:They studied very hard, so they all passed the exam中主要有状语从句和宾语从句名词性从句 两种,而定语从句 形容词性从句 要在高中叙述,为了使同学阅读文章便利,我们将在下面另一章予以介绍。我们第一来看宾语从句。在及物动词的后面可以接一个
7、名词来充当宾语,如: I knew the man, 而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语,如:I knew that he was a good man这时宾语从句的连接词有that,that 只在从句中起联接作用,不在句中 充当语法成分, 既不是主语也不是宾语, 所以在口语中经常被省略。如: I am sure that she has passed the examif, whether它们在宾语从句中只起连接作用, 不起语法作用, 当作是否讲。从句中有ornot结构时,要用whether, 如: I ask him if whether he has had his lunchI asks
8、 him whether he has had his lunch or notwhat 它在宾语从句中除了作连接词外,仍要作主语或宾语成份,如:I dont understand what you saidwhat作 said 的宾语 。又如:I asked himwhatmade himsickwhat在宾语从句中作主语。 who,它也和 what 一样,在句中除作连接词外,可以充当句中的成份,如:I know who she is looking for.whose 如: I want to knowwhose book this is. which如: Do you know whic
9、h book is mine.4 个常用的连接副词,how它的应用最广,如: how much, how many, how long, how soon, how old。如: How much does it cost. when 它只是连接时间状语,如:Please tell me when the meeting will begin.where 它连接的点状语,如: Where are youfrom.why它要连接的是缘由状语从句,如: The teacher asked why Tom didnt come to school. 在考试中常见到的主句谓语动词假如是现在时或将来时,
10、宾语从句的时态可以是任何所需要的时态,如: I know he didnt come.我知道他没来。I know he will可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -名师整理精华学问点come tomorrow我知道他明天来。 I know he has gone to London 我知道他已去伦敦了。主句中的谓语动词如是过去时,宾语 从句也
11、要用过去时态中的某一种。比如: 一般过去时, 过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时。除了在表达宇宙中的客观真理时,不能用现在时态。如:Iwanted toknowwhen he wouldcomeThe teacher told me the earth moves around the sun间状语从句, 其连接词有: after, before, when, as, as soon as,untiltill , while , since, byuntil till直到,在用until表达时间状语的句子中,主句中的动词是要特别当心去挑选。如动词是连续性动词,它要用确定句, 如: I stud
12、ied hard until 12 oclock last night.假如动词是瞬时截止性动词,就要用否定句,如:He didnt go to bed until his mother camebacksince, for , by, before 来引导的时间状语 从句。 since 引导的时间状语是动作的开头时间,如: I have studied Englishsince而由by引导的时间状语通常是动作的 终止时间,如:I had learned 25 English songs by the end of last term而 before就多用于完成时,ago 就多用于一般过去时,
13、 如: Hehad finished his work before twelve yesterdayI left my hometown twoyears ago在状语从句中用一般现在时或一般过去时表 示将来。它们可能是主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时, 如: If it rains, they wont go to the parkon Sunday也可以主句是一般过 去时,从句用一般过去进行时, 如: He said if it rained the next day he would not go to the park考试中常见的考点有:要同学区分是条 件、时间状语从句仍是宾语从句
14、,因在宾语从句中该用什么时态用什么时态,如:I want to know if he will come here tomorrow在宾语从句中的条件状语从句与主句的关系,如:I want to know if itrains he willcome here tomorrowbecause, 应译为 由于 。它表达的因果关系最强, 如: He didnt pass the exam becausehe didnt study hardsince 应译为 既然 ,如: Since you were ill yesterdayI left some notes on your deskas 应译
15、为 由于 ,如: As it is too hot wed better go swimmingsince 与 as 所表达的因果关系远比 because 弱得多。而 for 表达的因果关系最弱。它不能用于句首,如: He studies hard, for he wants to go to college 在比较状语从句中有同级比较 as as,可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 -
16、 - - - - - - - - - - -名师整理精华学问点如: This book is as good as that one要留意的有两点:as as 中间要用原级而不是比较级。 用形容词仍是副词, 如: Mary writes as carefully as Tom而其否定句为not as soas, 如: They didntwork so hardas we did,而不同级比较用比较级加than, 如: He is younger than I am要留意的是表示 越来越 这一概念时有两个句型: 比较级 and比较级,如: The days are gettinglonger
17、and longer The little girl is becoming more and more beautiful 定冠词 the 比较级 the 比较级,如: The harder you study, the more you can learnas 连词与 like 介词的区分。 as 作为连词其后接从句, 如: Please do it as I did it 但后面的句子常作省略, 如: Please do it as I 而like 是介词, 其后要接的是宾语, 如: Please do it like me和目的状语从句主要有sothat, so that, inord
18、er that 等几种用法。sothatso 形容词 a 名词 that,如: She is so beautiful a girl that everyone likes her或用 such a 形容词 名 词 that,如: She is such a beautiful girl that everyone likes her在不行数名词或可数名词 复数前只能用such, 如: It is such good weather we want to go for apicnic又如: They are such good players that they should win the
19、game.在 much, many, few, little之前只能用 so, 如: I have so little money that I cant buy itsothat 之间只有形容词时,就不能用such, 如 : It is so good that I want to buy so that 其后接从句,如:I got up earlier so that I could catch the first bus完形填空与阅读(一)学问概要完形填空是一种在语意封闭的情形下考察同学阅读才能及把握语言基础学问才能的综原就进行通篇阅读。借助文章的现成文字,通过规律思维,联系上下文,推断
20、出可能的答案。然后再从所给挑选答案中逐空选出在通读全文时脑海中已显现的答案填入空内。试推测在学校五六年级时可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -名师整理精华学问点去读 西游记 ,水浒传 ,你也并非每个字都认得, 每句话都能真正懂得。但你仍是可以明白全文的意思,读得有滋有味。这就是语言 才能。所以完形填空考查的就是你能否在缺字,不认得字、词语的
21、情形下,能否全面懂得文章的正确意思,然后选入适当的词语。在 挑选后仍要前后彼此呼应反复验证所选答案。有时答案一时不易验 证,不要急于次序填写,可能在填出后面答案时,而得到前面的答案。有时就需运用所学的词法、句法、时态和固定搭配等学问对4全部选定后,肯定要复读全文以验证:所选答案是否能使全文流畅,规律推理是否正确。详细实事是否成立,前后关系是否理顺。语法是否正确,其中包括时态的挑选、词汇挑选、固定 搭配等。在通读全文时最好在可能的条件下将所选答案填入文章中, 反复阅读。而不要在文章空中只写选项的代号,这样影响全文的理 解,不易找出错误之处。在做完形填空时,应留意以()重视首句,首段的开篇启示作用
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