557_酷儿理论:现实与想象的相互作用—袁洪庚%20兰州ppt.ppt
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1、,Queer Theory: Interacting between Realities and Fantasies (酷儿理论: 现实与想象的相互作用) Yuan HonggengJuly 24,2009,报告人学术背景,袁洪庚,博士(香港大学),现任外国语学院三级教授;主要研究方向为英语文学;在文艺研究、 外国文学评论、 外国文学研究、 外语教学与研究、外国文学、文艺报、国外文学、当代外国文学、外国语、译林、China Today、等文学界、外语界的权威、核心刊物(CSSCI)上发表转折与流变:中国当代玄学侦探小说发生论等论文几十篇,其中有多篇收入中国人大书报资料中心外国文学研究集刊;译有
2、北回归线等英语文学作品8部,另在世界文学等刊物上发表译文几十篇,共约160万字;近年来主要从事后现代主义文学研究,是中国大陆系统研究玄学侦探小说第一人。通信地址:730000 兰州天水南路222号兰州大学外国语学院电话:0931-8912274电子邮件:,Main Contents,1. Queer theory 2. Marching towards democracy?3. Sociological realities vs. literary fantasies4. Where are we and where are we heading to?,Introduction: Queer
3、 theory grew out of homosexual gay/lesbian studies,Queer theory is a branch of study or theoretical speculation. Teresa de Lauretis the feminist first used the term in 1990. Gay/lesbian studies, in turn, grew out of feminist studies and feminist theory.,The word queer“ is originally a derogatory ter
4、m, now used by gays and lesbians to refer to themselves.,The word queer is originally an offensive term for an openly homosexual person, odd, unconventional, or eccentric, as in behavior and speech, hence its alignment with ideas about homosexuality.,How the term “queer” came into being,The term que
5、er eventually came into being because both gays, who preferred regarding themselves as males, and lesbians, who, aligning themselves with the feminist movement, condemned the gay movement as sharing the anti-female attitudes of reigning patriarchal culture agreed upon the notion of queer.,To describ
6、e oneself as a queer is to resist all that are considered “straight” .,1. Queer theory,Queer theory is basically deconstructive and a trend with the broader conception of postmodernism, as shown in its dismantling of the key binary oppositions of Western culture, such as, in the aspect of human sexu
7、ality, sex/gender, male/female, heterosexual/homosexual, natural/unnatural, etc. As a new subculture, queer theory is a new way of expressing ones desire. It subverts not only the hegemony of heterosexual, but also bygone homosexual theories.,Queer theory is meant to reexamine human sexuality and to
8、 enlighten those who are still ignorant,巴西圣保罗,四十万人参加同性恋大游行,an interdisciplinary and combined trend,Queer theory is not a particular or concrete theory like feminist theory or some isms like Romanticism; it is an interdisciplinary and combined trend or hypothesis, relating to sociology, history, anth
9、ropology, fine arts and literature.,Homosexuals are born or made?,Debates between biological essentialists 本质论者 and social constructivists 【建构论者】Either “I am homosexual because of my genes.” Or “I am homosexual because of my brain.” Foucault, as one of the first constructivists, claiming that sexual
10、ity and sexual conduct is not a natural category, having a foundation in reality. Instead, it is a question of social constructions, categories only having an existence in a society, and that probably are not applicable to other societies than our own.,Feminist theory insists that gender is not some
11、thing essential to an individuals identity.,Feminist theory separates the social from the biological, and the constructed and the innate, insisting that we see a difference between what is the product of human ideas, hence something mutable and changeable, and what is the product of biology, hence s
12、omething (relatively) stable and unchangeable.,2. Marching towards democracy?,Michel Foucault (1926 - 1984) and his History of Sexuality,Has impact on areas such as - Sociology, Historiography, Gay and Lesbian Studies, Marxism, Cultural Studies and Literary Studies (- Knowledge is not Truth, but pow
13、er.,Foucaults views on sexuality and human body,Sexuality not something hidden but “a great surface network in which the stimulation of bodies, the intensification of pleasures, the incitement to discourse, the formation of knowledge, the strengthening of controls and resistances, are linked to one
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