James-Joyce-Araby-主题情节人物及背景分析.doc
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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-dateJames-Joyce-Araby-主题情节人物及背景分析James-Joyce-Araby-主题情节人物及背景分析ArabyBackgrounds IntroductionIrelands major religion, Roman Catholicism, dominated Irish culture, as it continues to do today a
2、lthough to a lesser extent. Many families sent their children to schools run by Jesuit priests (like the one the narrator in attends) and convent schools run by nuns (like the one Mangans sister attends). Catholicism is often seen as a source of the frequent conflict in Irish culture between sensual
3、ity and asceticism, a conflict that figures prominently in Joyces autobiographical novel A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man . In many ways, Catholicism, particularly as practiced at the turn of the century, was an extremely sensuous religion, emphasizing intense personal spiritual experience an
4、d surrounding itself with such rich trappings as beautiful churches, elegant paintings and statues, otherworldly music, and sumptuous vestments and altar decorations. On the other hand, the Churchs official attitude toward enjoyment of the senses and particularly toward sexuality was severe and rest
5、rictive. The ideal woman was the Virgin Mary, who miraculously combined virginal purity with maternity. Motherhood was exalted, but any enjoyment of sexuality, even in marriage, was considered a sin, as were the practice of birth control and abortion. The inability to reconcile the spiritual and sen
6、sual aspects of human nature can be seen in the boys feelings toward Mangans sister in He imagines his feelings for her as a chalice-a sacred religious object-and so worshipful is his attitude that he hesitates even to speak to her. Yet his memories of her focus almost exclusively on her body-her fi
7、gure silhouetted by the light, the soft rope of her hair, the white curve of her neck, the border of her petticoat. Even the image of the chalice is ambivalent, since its cup-like shape and function suggests a sexual connotation. The boy never resolves this conflict between spirituality and sensuali
8、ty. Instead, when confronted with the tawdriness of a shopgirls flirtation at the bazaar, he abruptly dismisses all his feelings as mere vanity.Introduction of the story and the authorAraby is one of fifteen short stories that together make up James Joyces collection, Dubliners. Although Joyce wrote
9、 the stories between 1904 and 1906, they were not published until 1914.Dubliners paints a portrait of life in Dublin, Ireland, at the turn of the 20th century. Its stories are arranged in an order reflecting the development of a child into a grown man. The first three stories are told from the point
10、 of view of a young boy, the next three from the point of view of an adolescent, and so on. Araby is the last story of the first set, and is told from the perspective of a boy just on the verge of adolescence. The story takes its title from a real festival which came to Dublin in 1894 when Joyce was
11、 twelve years old. Joyce is one of the most famous writers of the Modernist period of literature, which runs roughly from 1900 to the end of World War II. Modernist works often include characters who are spiritually lost and themes that reflect a cynicism toward institutions the writer had been taug
12、ht to respect, such as government and religion. Much of the literature of this period is experimental; Joyces writing reflects this in the use of dashes instead of quotation marks to indicate that a character is speaking. Joyce had a very difficult time getting Dubliners published. It took him over
13、ten years to find a publisher who was willing to risk publishing the stories because of their unconventional style and themes. Once he found a publisher, he fought very hard with the editors to keep the stories the way he had written them. Years later, these stories are heralded not only for their p
14、ortrayal of life in Dublin at the turn of the century, but also as the beginning of the career of one of the most brilliant English-language writers of the twentieth century. PlotAraby opens on North Richmond street in Dublin, where an uninhabited house of two storeys stood at the blind end, detache
15、d from its neighbours in a square ground. The narrator, who remains unnamed throughout the story, lives with his aunt and uncle. He describes his block, then discusses the former tenant who lived in his house: a priest who recently died in the back room. This priest has a library that attracts the y
16、oung narrator, and he is particularly interested in three titles: a Sir Walter Scott romance, a religious tract, and a police agents memoirs. The narrator talks about being a part of the group of boys who play in the street. He then introduces Mangans sister, a girl who captivates his imagination ev
17、en though he rarely, if ever, speaks with her. He does stare at her from his window and follow her on the street, however, often thinking of her even in places the most hostile to romance. While in the marketplace on Saturday nights, for example, he uses her image to guide him through the thronging
18、crowd who yell their sales pitches and sing patriotic Irish ballads. He becomes misty-eyed just at the thought of her and retreats to the priests dark room in order to deprive himself of other senses and think only of her. Finally, Mangans sister speaks to him. She asks if he will be attending a chu
19、rch-sponsored fair that is coming soon to Dublin-a bazaar called Araby. He is tongue-tied and cannot answer, but when she tells him that she cannot go because of a retreat that week in her convent, he promises to go and bring her a gift from the bazaar. From then on he can only think of the time whe
20、n he will be at the fair; he is haunted by the syllables of the word Araby. On the night he is supposed to attend the fair, his uncle is late returning home and he must wait to get money from him. He gets very anxious, and his aunt tells him that he may have to miss the bazaar, but his uncle does co
21、me home, apologetic that he had forgotten. After asking the boy if he knows a poem entitled The Arabs Farewell to His Steed, the uncle bids the boy farewell. The boy takes a coin from his uncle and catches a train to the fair. Araby is closing down as he arrives and he timidly walks through the cent
22、er of the bazaar. As he looks at the few stalls that are still open, he overhears a conversation between an English shop-girl and two young men. Their talk is nothing but idle gossip. The shop-girl pauses reluctantly to ask the boy if he wishes to buy anything, but he declines. As he walks slowly ou
23、t of the hall amid the darkening of the lights, he thinks that he is a creature driven and derided by vanity and his eyes burned with anguish and anger. CharactersNarrator: The narrator of this story is a young, sensitive boy who confuses a romantic crush and religious enthusiasm. All of the conflic
24、t in this story happens inside his mind. It is unlikely that the object of his crush, Mangans sister, is aware of his feelings for her, nor is anybody else in this boys small world. Because the boys thoughts only reveal a part of the story, a careful reader must put together clues that the author gi
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