English-history-(3).ppt
![资源得分’ title=](/images/score_1.gif)
![资源得分’ title=](/images/score_1.gif)
![资源得分’ title=](/images/score_1.gif)
![资源得分’ title=](/images/score_1.gif)
![资源得分’ title=](/images/score_05.gif)
《English-history-(3).ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《English-history-(3).ppt(54页珍藏版)》请在得力文库 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、2 NoImageRoman BritainRoman BritainJulius Caesar invaded Britain in 55 BC to conquer the native peoples, called Britons. 3 NoImageRoman BathRoman Bath The Roman Bath is the most spectacular of the baths located around the city of Bath in western England. It was neglected after the Romans left and la
2、y buried for centuries. The Georgians uncovered the bath in 1755 and renovated it. vRobin Hood vThe legendary hero Robin Hood is a popular figure from English folklore. According to the stories about him, he led a band of outlaws called the Merry Men, who robbed from the rich to give to the poor. 4
3、NoImage4 NoImage Norman Rule (1066-1381)1. Williams Rule (1066-1087)vEnglands feudalism under the rule of William the ConquerorvUnder William, the feudal system in England was completely established. According to this system, the King owned all the land personally. William gave his barons large esta
4、tes in England in return for a promise of military service and a proportion of the lands produce. These estates were scattered far and wide over the country, so that those who held them could not easily combine to rebel the king. vThe barons, who had become Williams tenants-in-chief, parceled out la
5、nd to the lesser nobles, knights and freemen, also in return for goods and services. At the bottom of the feudal scale were the villeins or serfs. One peculiar feature of the feudal system of England was that all landowners must take the oath of allegiance,not only to their immediate lord, but also
6、to the king.v在威廉统治下,英国的封建制度得到完全确立。根据此制度,国王拥有全国所有土地。威廉把英国的大片土地分给贵族,条件是换取对方服役和收租。这些地产分散于各处,这样土地拥有者就不易联合起来反叛国王。已成为国王土地承租人的贵族又把土地分配给小贵族、骑士和自由民,同样换取货物和服役。在封建等级底层的是农奴。英国封建制独有的特色就是,无论是土地承租人还是二佃户,都必须要宣誓效忠于直接领主,而且要效忠于国王。 vWilliam consolidated the feudal system in EnglandvWars between his 3 sonsvHis third son
7、 Henry finally crowned as the English king , known as Henry in August 1100. vHenry died in 1135 without any son, then William s grandson Stephen got the throne. vEngland Under the Norman and the Great Charter William I, the Conqueror (1066-1087) vWilliam II, the third son of William I (1087-1100) He
8、nry I, the youngest son of William I (1100-1135) Stephen, son of William Is daughter (1135-1154) Henry II, son of Henry Is daughter (1154-1189) Richard I, son of Henry II, crusader (1189-1199) John, son of Henry II (1199-1216)vHenry became the king at the same year. He was the founder of Plantagenet
9、 Dynasty(金雀花王朝金雀花王朝). .The Beginning of Plantagenet Dynasty(金雀花王朝金雀花王朝) v2. King Henry II and his reformsvThe ways King Henry II consolidate the monarchy.vHenry II took some measures to consolidate the monarchy. He forced the Flemish mercenaries to leave England; recalled grants of Royal lands made
10、by his previous king Stephen; demolished many castles built in Stephens time; strengthened and widened the powers of his sheriffs and relied for armed support upon a militia composed of English freemen.v亨利二世采取了一些措施巩固君主制。他迫使弗兰德斯雇佣军离开英国,收回史蒂芬森赠出皇室土地;拆除几十座史蒂芬森时造德城堡,加强并扩大了他的行政长官们的权力,依靠由英国自由民组成的民兵获取军事支持。
11、vThe ways Henry II reform the courts and the law.vKing Henry II greatly strengthened the Court and extended its judicial work. He divided the whole country into six circuits and appointed justices to each. Cases were therefore heard before the intermittent justices who applied the law impartially. D
12、uring his reign, a common law was gradually established in place of the previous laws of the local barons. He also introduced a new jury system to replace the old ordeal-based trial system. Besides, he shifted the trial of clergymen charged with criminal offenses from the Bishops court to the Kings
13、court.v亨利二世大大加强了王家法院,扩展了其司法工作的职权范围。他将全国分为六个审制区。案件更多地由巡回法官审理,并不偏不倚地使用法律。在他统治时期,逐渐建立起超越地方领主法律的普遍法。另外,他用陪审员制度代替了旧的残酷的审判制度。他坚持被控犯有刑事罪的神职人员应由国王法庭审判,而不由主教法庭审判。vIIContents and the significance of the Great ChartervGreat Charter was signed by King John in 1215 under the press of the barons. The Great Charte
14、r (英国大宪章(英国大宪章) ) vKing John During his own lifetime John was the most unpopular of English medieval kings because of his dangerous political incompetencevGreat Charter vOn the 19th of June,1215, the king swear to observe the charters in Runnymede(伦尼米德) The Great Charter, or the Magna Carta, has 63
15、clauses and is a most important document in English history. The most important provisions of the Great Charter: 1)No tax should be made without the approval of the council. 2)No free man should be arrested or imprisoned unless convicted by a jury of his fellow citizens. 3)Merchants should be permit
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- English history
![提示](https://www.deliwenku.com/images/bang_tan.gif)
限制150内