句容市后白中考英语语法复习介词牛津.doc
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1、省句容市后白中考英语语法复习 介词 牛津版【要点提示】介词是虚词,用来表示句子中词与词之间的关系。英语中的常用介词就其形式而言,可以分为简单介词如at, in, for, with等、合成介词如into, outside, without等、短语介词如as for, instead of, in front of等和分词介词如including, past等。下面是几组介词的比拟:一、表示时间的介词1. at, on, inat表示在某一时间点,在某一时刻,如at 6 oclock, at night等。on表示在具体的某天或在具体某天的上下午或晚上等,如on Sunday, on an au
2、tumn evening等。in表示在某一时段,多数情况下可以和during互换,如in 1998, in the 20th century等。2. after, in表示在某一段时间之后时,after一般可用于多种时态,而in常与将来时态连用。如:He will be back in two hours.He left home after two days.3. for, from, sincefor后接时间段,表示行为、状态持续的时间;from后接时间点,表示该行为、状态的开始; since后接时间点,表示该行为或状态从此时间点一直持续到现在,多与现在完成时态连用。如:I stayed
3、in London for three weeks.The girl began to learn English from the age of four.He has worked here since 1971.二、表示位置和方向的介词1. on, above, over, below, underon 表示“在平面上,强调与物体外表接触;above 表示“在上方,反义词为below;over 表示“在垂直上方,反义词是under。2. at, inat表示“在(地点),通常是某一点的位置,指相对较小的地方。如:We will meet at the station. in表示“在内,指
4、相对较大的地方。如:He works in Hong Kong.3. in front of, in the front ofin front of表示“在物体外部的前面; in the front of表示“在物体内部的前面。如:There is a tall tree in front of our classroom.There is a big TV set in the front of our classroom.三、表示工具、方式或手段的介词by, in, on都可表示乘坐某种交通工具。by后可接交通工具的名词,也可接非交通工具的名词,中间不用冠词,如by bike / plan
5、e / sea / air 等。而on, in后跟交通工具名词时,常要加限定词,如冠词、指示代词、物主代词等。如in his car, on my bike等,但要注意“步行要用on foot。四、其它常用的介词1. with 表示“用某种工具、方式抽象,也可表示“用某种材料,还可表示“和一起、“具有,带有。如:I cut the apple into pieces with a knife.Id like to go with you.She is a beautiful girl with bright eyes.2. toto意为“向; 去; 为; 对等。如:He turned to m
6、e and smiled.To me, its more important.3. except, besides, besideexcept意为“除了之外,其余都;besides意为“除之外,还,也;beside 意为“在旁边。如:None of us has been to the Great Wall except Jim.Besides milk and cheese, we need vegetables.He was standing beside a car.【介词专练】. 请根据句意,用适当的介词填空。1. There is a picture_ the wall.2. She
7、 will arrive _ Nanjing tomorrow.3. I like to look _the stars _the sky _ night.4. The temperature is 15_ zero. (-15)5. Human beings cant live _ air.6. Its very nice _you to say so.7. Im looking forward to hearing _ Jim.8. Everyone went fishing _ Tom because he was ill.9. Lucy learns Chinese_ listenin
8、g to the radio.10. The river runs _the city from the west to the east. 请从各题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最正确答案。( )1. We all agree _ you. Lets start _ once.A. to; inB. at; forC. with; at D. on; at( )2. My sister usually thinks_ Chinese first and then she turns her words into English.A. by B. in C. withD. through
9、( )3. The teacher _a book_ his hand came over to the blackboard.A. with, in B. 不填, inC. on, on D. with, 不填( )4. _the help of his teacher, he becomes good at English.A. UnderB. OnC. WithD. For( )5. Its useful _ you to learn to drive.A. ofB. forC. withD. at( )6. Communication is very important in our
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