大学新视野英语第三版第三册规范标准答案.doc

| Unit 1 The Way to Success Section A 1 Understanding the text. 1 He achieved fame for his wit, wisdom, civic duty, and abundant courage. 2 They were thought to be slow learners in childhood, but they overcame their childhood difficulties and made magnificent discoveries that benefit the entire world today. 3 His strong will. 4 It means to keep their focus on achieving a positive end result, instead of letting small problems get in the way of good results. 5 Because they have the will to overcome profound obstacles and to work diligently in the pursuit of their goals, and have the passion for success. 6 Because firms preferred to hire less qualified men rather than risk hiring a female lawyer, which was unprecedented. 7 We should never give up on our dream, and one day we can change the world and make it a better place. 8 The secret of success is built upon a burning inward desire---a robust, fierce will and focus---that fuels the determination to act, to keep preparing, to keep going even when we are tired and fail. 2 Critical thinking 1 You may have tried and failed many times before you finally get success. But it does not matter. What matters is whether you can summon up(鼓起)all your courage again and again to face the hardships standing in the way of success. 2 Luck, talent, good relationships with your colleagues, etc. 3 When I have realized that I am pursuing something that is hard to achieve, I would try to stick to the goal. But l will begin to think of what I can do to improve the situation. When it still doesnt work, I would try to analyze what the problem is and then make some changes and probably reset my goal. Yes, sometimes we are pursuing the wrong goal which can never be achieved, only to find ourselves in deep frustration and profound fatigue. In this situation, I may give up the wrong goal and set up another goal that is achievable. 4 Following the guidance of senior people. l Getting sound advice from our parents. l Setting a correct goal. l Achieving success step by step. l Developing good interpersonal relationships. Language focus 3 Words in use l whereby 2 pursuit 3 inhibit 4 maintain 5 patriotic 6 transcended 7 endeavors 8 dedication 9 prestige 10 nominate 4 Word building Words learned New words formed -ant inhabitant inhabit participate participant attend attendant pollute pollutant descend descendant contest contestant tolerate tolerant result resultant -ful neglect neglectful resource resourceful boast boastful respect respectful 5 l resultant 2 tolerant 3 pollutants 4 inhabited 5 contestants 6 descendants 7 attendants 8 respectful 9 participants 10 neglectful 11 resourceful 12 boastful 6 Banked cloze 1 F 2 G 3 H 4 J 5 E 6 A 7 N 8 I 9 K l0 M 7 Expressions in use l removed from 2 failed in 3 in the pursuit of 4 deviated from 5 precludes; from 6 triumph over 7 work their way into 8 written off 9 Translation 世界公民是指一个人承认自己是新兴的全球社区的一分子，而且其行动对全球社区的价值打造和实践活动有所贡献。世界公民相信人类从本质上来说是一个整体，任何个人都有改变事物的能力。在我们这样一个相互依赖的世界中，世界公民意识鼓励我们认识到对彼此的责任，并从对方身上学习。世界公民关心全球的教育、疾病、贫穷和环境问题。在当今，全球合作的力量在使一些人萌发世界公民的意识，让他们拥有对全球社区的归属感。这种不断发展的世界公民意识在很大程度上来讲，要归功于现代信息、通信和交通技术的力量世界公民意识致力于给予人们力量，让他们付诸行动，世界公民除了要从世界问题中学习知识和价值观，还要拥有必需的技能，使他们拥有能力和自信，积极推动世界的发展。 Nowadays, many young people no longer choose "stable" jobs. Instead, they prefer to start their own businesses and realize their self-value through their own wisdom and efforts. Young entrepreneurship is the source of national economic vitality in the future. The success of entrepreneurs not only creates fortune, increases job opportunities, improves peoples life, but it is also good for the country in the long term. Entrepreneurs are a driving force in upgrading Chinas economy. Especially for the time being, our country is encouraging people to start their own businesses and make innovations and giving policy support for medium and small businesses. This further arouses young peoples enthusiasm to start their own businesses. Section B 1 2 Denotation: a large project, especially one that is difficult Connotation: Les Brown took his dream as an enterprise, a lifelong career, to which he attached great importance. At the same time, to become a DJ was by no means an easy job. 3 Denotation: take in or absorb liquid Connotation: Soak up implies that Les Brown was eager to seize every chance to learn something new in order to be better prepared to become a DJ in the future. 4 Denotation: take or hold sb./sth. with your hand suddenly Connotation: Grab in this context means to pick up the phone in a very quick movement, implying a sense of anxiety. 5 Denotation: turn over into a different position with a sudden quick movement Connotation: Flip shows that Les Brown had become quite familiar with the machine because he practiced a lot in his free time. 6 Denotation: move, drive or push forward or in a particular direction Connotation: Propel here suggests that Les Brown was driven to go forward by his strong determination and adequate preparation. 2 1 C 2 B 3 A 4 D 5 D 6 B 7 C 8 D 3 (OPEN) 4 1 indulge 2 propelling 3 aggravated 4 dazzled 5 alleviating 6 renowned 7 eloquent 8 destined 9 scorned 10 applause 5 1 up 2 in 3 on 4 up 5 to/for 6 on 7 as 8 out 6 1 He always prefers to start early rather than leave everything to the last minute. 2 She prefers to be the boss, to be in charge and to organize others rather than be organized by someone whom she may not even rate very highly 3 My brother preferred to take the whole blame himself rather than allow it to fall on the innocent. 7 1 Try as he would 2 Search as they would 3 Try as we might Collocation Warm-up 1 1) repeated 2) overwhelming 3) immense 2 1) heroic 2) sound 3) substantial 3 1) attained 2) fueled 3) achieve 8 1 sudden opportunity 2 immense obstacles 3 amazing determination 4 profound difficulties 5 overwhelming failures 6 poverty-stricken 7 substantial hardships 8 repeated misfortunes 9 sheer persistence 10 dazzle…audience 11 achieve fame 12 strong will Unit 2 beat your fear Section A Pre-reading activities 1．1T 2F 3T 4F SF 2．1 Jacks problem is solved by a carpenter. He told Jack to cut the legs off the bed. And then Jack as certain that nobody was sleeping under it when he got into bed. 2 The answer is open-ended. For example, you might have the fear of darkness, the fear of heights, the fear of snakes or spiders, the fear of flying, etc. Some suggestions on how to overcome fears are listed below for reference. First, you analyzed your fear and had a clear picture of what your fear was. Then you took control of your fear. You decided to expose yourself to that fear in small doses until you gained a better understanding of it. As a result, your fear began to disappear. Finally, you successfully changed the way you thought about your fear. You started seeing fear as a source of energy and embraced its role in your life. Scripts: Jack went to a doctor. "Doctor," he said, "Ive got trouble. Every time I lie in bed, I think theres somebody under it. I get under the bed; then I think theres somebody on top of it. Top, under, top, under. Youve got to help me! It almost drives me mad!" "Just put yourself in my hands for two years," said the doctor. "Come to me three times a week, and Ill cure your fears." "How much do you charge?" "A hundred dollars a visit." "Ill think about it," said Jack. Six months later the doctor met Jack by chance "Why didnt you ever come to see me again?" asked the doctor. "For a hundred bucks a visit? A carpenter cured me for 10 dollars." "Is that so? How?" "He told me to cut the legs off the bed!" Reading comprehension Understanding the text 1 1 Because when he once hopped from the highest diving board at the pool, he hit the water with an incredible impact and blacked out. 2 No, they couldnt. Because with the waters tow, theyd never get to the drowning boy. 3 Because nobody except Jason saw that going out onto the jetty, which was close to the boy, was the fastest way to reach the drowning boy. 4 Because his fear of water suddenly struck him. 5 He felt like he was back in that pool, breathless, struggling, terrified. 6 The boy popped back up, eyes wide with terror, pawing and twisting against Jason. 7 No, it wasnt. At first when Jason swam against the rip current, it was forcibly dragging them out to the sea. Then he decided to swim sideways to the pull of the current and slowly made their way back to shore. Finally he made his way back to safety. 8 Because Jason had already conquered his inner fear of water and he also felt relieved and delighted when he saw the boy was hugged tightly by his mother. Critical thinking 2 1 To overcome the inner fear of water, we need to: ž conquer ourselves with courage by helping others, step up and face our fear; ž practice controlled breathing and alternately tense and relax muscle groups to bring into physical awareness the differences between being tense and being relaxed; ž make the victim stop struggling. In this way he / she can be pulled to safety. 2 The fears may come from: ž our own past experience; ž other peoples fears we witness; ž someones description about their fears; ž influence of specific cultural and historical context. 3 To get a guy to ask a girl out, try giving him some pointers and ideas on how to approach the situation with confidence: ž Tell the guy to ask a girl on a casual date and see where it goes from there. Explain to him that asking a girl out face-to-face can be most appropriate, as it will show her how serious be is. However, if he thinks that is too daring, then suggest sending her a text message or calling her on the phone. ž Encourage the guy to be assertive and not beat around the bush. Confidence is admirable, and a girl is more likely to be attracted to a man with confidence. If he is asking the girl in person, he should speak as though he knew she would say yes. Tell him not to hesitate and to get straight to the point. ž Suggest that the guy give the girl some choices as to where to go on a date. If he is unsure of what activities or restaurants she enjoys most, this is a great opportunity for him to learn more about her and show her that be cares about her. 4 Obsessive fear leads to anxiety, panic attacks and a variety of psychological problems. We all know what its like to feel overwhelmed by fear, but fear, as it turns out, is a fundamental part of our lives, and has some positive effects on our lives: ž Fear increases and enhances our sensory awareness of the environment, so that we can be prepared to protect ourselves from anything potentially threatening or harmful. ž Fear is an invitation to act. Fear is there to warn us that we need to get ready for the future. It isnt there to stop us; its there to tell us that we are about to grow. ž Fear pushes us beyond our limits. Fear motivates us. It drives us to find new resources and options within ourselves. Fear compels us to make extra efforts to succeed and achieve what we desire. ž Fear is necessary in developing our courage. We cant experience courage without the presence of fear. They go hand in hand. They need one another in order to exist---like darkness and light, or black and white. Language focus Words in use 3 I intervene 2 underestimate 3 recede 4 deem 5 bleak 6 appraise 7 paralyzed 8 symptoms 9 dismay 10 brink Word building 4 Wordy learned New words formed -ance dominate dominance avoid avoidance rely reliance acquaint acquaintance clear clearance annoy annoyance admit admittance resemble resemblance assure assrsrance -ed bore bored privilege privileged distract distracted 5 1 bored 2 privileged 3 assurance 4 dominance 5 avoidance 6 acquaintance 7 reliance 8 clearance 9 distracted 10 annoyance 11 admittance 12 resemblance Banked cloze 6 1 K 2 D 3 H 4 J 5 I 6 O 7 G 8 A 9 N 10 C Expressions in use 7 I pulled to a stop 2 black out 3 pop up 4 stopped short 5 plowed through 6 threw himself into 7 let yourself go 8 grabbed for Translation 9 美国梦是美利坚合众国的民族精神。该词有各种各样的用法，但其根本含义是，在美国任何人都可以通过努力获得成功，都有可能过上幸福而成功的生活口许多人对美国梦的概念加以拓展和提炼，涵盖了像自由，自我实现和深厚的人际关系等方面的内容。美国梦的思想比美国本身更为久远，可以追溯到17世纪，当时的欧洲移民面对这一新发现的、未经开发的广裹大陆，开始纷纷怀揣希望，追逐梦想。随着历史的发展，美国梦的含义也已改变，既包含了个人元素，也包含了全局视野。但并不是每个人都对美国梦持肯定态度。一些人认为美国的社会结构决定了不是每个人都能拥有这样的理想目标。批评者常常举以实例，揭露植根于阶级、种族、宗教和民族的不平等现象，指出美国梦并非每个人都可企及。 10 Realizing the great national rejuvenation, which we define as the Chinese Dream, has been the greatest Chinese expectation since modem times. It basically means achieving prosperity for the country, renewal of the nation and happiness for the people, thus ensuring that every enterprising Chinese carries, generation after generation, the firm conviction that a better life is accomplished through persistent effort. People should achieve their prosperity through diligence, courage, creativity and determination instead of aid from society or other people. Each individual is a participant and a designer in the cause of realizing the Chinese Dream, for it is a dream not only for the entire nation but also for every Chinese. Section B Reading skills 1 "Knowing grins" implies that they regarded bumping as a common occurrence in flight. 2 Based on our prior knowledge about what happens, if there is something wrong with the nose-wheel steering and the whole landing gear system, we can infer that the passengers and the crew were all in danger, and it was highly possible that the plane would crash. 3 This sentence shows that the mothers gaze at the child displayed a deep care and which calmed down the child in order to keep her from being influenced by the outside dangers, implying that the mothers love was so great that it could help the little child all the outside fears 4 This paragraph tells a simple truth that their survival from the possible air crash was a miracle, and a lot of luck. Reading comprehension Understanding the text 2 1 A 2 D 3C 4B 5 D 6C 7D 8A Critical thinking 3 1Love generates strength and confidence which help to overcome our inner fear. Love is able to bring into full play the most courageous acts in the world, and love can conquer our inner fear. Becoming a more loving person toward others will help you to transcend your fear. Becoming more loving toward yourself will help you to heal your fear. 2 Apart from love, I believe, there are many other factors that can help us cope with challenges in life. Some of them are listed as follows: ž Confidence may strengthen our determination to handle any difficulties we are confronted with. ž A sens