英语音标知识学习提高进修知识学习提高入门基础学习知识.doc

音标入门讲解 一、元音 （一）单元音 （1）前元音：[ i: ] [ i ] [ e ] [ ] [ i ] 发音组合: i 代表单词: sit bit kick pick wish [ i: ] 发音组合: e ee ea ie ei 代表单词: me he we even bee feel breeze deep free seat beat lead tea eat reason grief believe achieve receive conceive 音标对比: [ i: ] [ i ] seat sit beat bit sheep ship [] 发音组合: a 代表单词: cap map bad mad bank thank lamp 音标对比: [e] [] beg bag met mat bed bad [ e ] 发音组合: e ea a 代表单词：pen ten best beg egg net bread heaven marry any many 音标对比： [ i ] [ e ] sit set lift left did dead [ə ] 发音组合：a er or 代表单词：appear arise again alike a man a pen teacher mother brother driver anger doctor actor tutor famous jealous （2）中元音：[ə:] [ə] [ə: ] 发音组合：or ir er ur ear 代表单词：work worker worm bird dirt affirm term burn surf pearl learn （3）后元音: [a:] [ʌ] [u:] [u] [ɔ:] [ɔ] [ʌ] 发音组合：u o 代表单词：up cut but bus luck butter monk onion [a:] 发音组合：ar ear al 代表单词：far dark hart farm garden bar heart half 音标对比：[a:] [ʌ] fast fun hart but card cut [u] 发音组合：oo u ou 代表单词：foot good cook took pull full bull should [u:] 发音组合：oo o ou u 代表单词：food fool boom cool pool shoot tomb group blue clue rule truth conclude 音标对比: [u:] [u] foot food boot book cool could [ɔ] 发音组合：o 代表单词：ox on not cop rot hot lot 音标对比：[ɔ:] [ɔ] sort dog tort nod short shop [ɔ:] 发音组合：a oo aw ou ore au or ar 代表单词：talk ball hall call door floor law saw bought fought thought tought before ignore caught naughty nautical force born sort warn （二）双元音 （1）合口双元音为: [ei] [ai] [ɔɪ] [au] [əu] 音标对比：[] [ei] [ e ] at eight bed bat bade set lab late pen sand same hen [ei] 发音组合：ei a ai ay 代表单词：eight cake fate snake lake make name paid main day may 音标对比：[ ] [ai] bat bite back bike lamp line sack sign [ai] 发音组合：y i uy 代表单词：cry dry my kite high bike tight fine time buy guy [ɔɪ] 音标对比：[ɔɪ ] [ɔ] boy boss toy top spoil stop 发音组合：oy oi 代表单词：toy boy loyal noise voice point soil coin 音标对比：[au] [ai] now night cow kite sound side [au] 发音组合：ou ow 代表单词：house sound out noun bow town now tower 音标对比：[au] [əu] how hole loud load [əu] 发音组合：o ow oa 代表单词：host nose tone hole note bowl know low own boat coat （2）集中双元音为：[iə] [ɛə] [uə] 音标对比：[iə] [il] here hill fear feel dear deal [iə] 发音组合：eer ear ere 代表单词：beer deer hear near fear here [ɛə] 音标对比：[ɛə] [aiə] hair hire fare fire spare spire 发音组合：air ear are ere 代表单词：hair fair air chair bear swear dare hare there 音标对比：[uə] [əu] poor post sure sold lure load [uə] 发音组合：oor ure our 代表单词：poor lure sure tour 二、辅音 （一）爆破音: [ p ] [ b ] [ t ] [ d ] [ k ] [ g ] [ b ] 发音组合：b 代表单词：bird bed bag big buy bake bill bear book [ p ] 发音组合：p 代表单词：pay pipe put pie peach sport speed spend [ d ] 发音组合：d 代表单词：do did does deer date dig doom need bed climbed [ t ] 发音组合：t 代表单词：tea teacher team tare tank tip it meet cat fate tent boat student stand stick [ g ] 发音组合：g 代表单词：geese go gap get big bag beg [ k ] 发音组合：c k ck 代表单词：cake car can cat come kite sky keep pick back （二）摩擦音: [ f ] [ v ] [θ] [] [ʃ] [ʒ] [ s ] [ z ] [ h] [ r] [ v ] 发音组合：v 代表单词：vote vine vat vail very vase leave five [ f ] 发音组合：f ph 代表单词：five first life fine fat fail fair fall telephone phonetics photo [] 发音组合：th 代表单词：this that these those then than though [θ] 发音组合：th 代表单词：think teeth thick theme thank both tooth truth fifth mouth faith 音标对比：[θ] [] thick this theme than teeth they death these [ʒ] 发音组合：s 代表单词：pleasure usual leisure measure [ʃ] 发音组合：sh s ss ch 代表单词：ship fish sheet sheep dish sure ensure assure machine [ z ] 发音组合：z s 代表单词：zoo prize zeal raise knees eyes [ s ] 发音组合：s c 代表单词：seem set seek say see books dense mouse cups face ice race price [ r ] 发音组合：r wr 代表单词：race red rice rain right free fry pray wrong write [ h ] 发音组合：h wh (wh 在元音字母o前才发此音) 代表单词：hot home house horse hate high whole who whose whom （三）破擦音: [tʃ] [dʒ] [tr] [dr] [ts] [dz] [dʒ] 发音组合：j g dg 代表单词：jeep joke jew juice gin change jodge judge 音标对比：[tʃ] [dʒ] charge judge choice join match page [ tʃ] 发音组合：ch 代表单词：cheap child chest choke check catch watch 音标对比：[ t] [ʃ] cheap ship chose shoes catch cash [ dr ] 发音组合: dr 代表单词: dream drag draw drink children [ tr ] 发音组合：tr 代表单词：tree treat trip train tram 音标对比: [ tr ] [ dr ] tree dream try dry treat dream [ dz ] 发音组合：ds 代表单词：needs seeds spends [ ts ] 发音组合：ts 代表单词：sits seats mates peasants parents 音标对比：[ ts] [ dz ] [ z ] [ dz ] bets beds boys boards seats seeds gloves grounds nets needs stares stands [ŋ] 发音组合：ng n 代表单词：sing song singer king thing ink sink thank tank 音标对比： [ m ] [ n ] home stone theme thin ment net （四）鼻辅音: [ m ] [ n ] [ ŋ ] [ m ] 发音组合：m 代表单词：some come dime mother map moon [ n ] 发音组合：n 代表单词：noon nose note not no nothing moon soon son gun thin run dine gain （五）舌边音: [ l ] 发音组合: l 代表单词：清晰音[ l ] let lad late laid leap lap 代表单词：含糊音[ l ] deal tell belt sale table （六）半元音: [ w ] [ j ] [ j ] 发音组合：y 代表单词：year yes yet yard young you 音标对比：[ i: ] [ j ] eat yet east yes eager yard [ w ] 发音组合：w wh 代表单词：wait west way wet will wide wheel what why when where while 音标对比：[ w ] [ v ] wet vet winter inventure world voice women visit 补充：元音字母a, e, i, o, u在重读音节中的一般读音规则： a e i o u 重读开音节：[ ei ] [ i: ] [ ai ] [ əu ] [ju:] [u:] 重读闭音节：[ ] [ e ] [ i ] [ ɔ ] [ ʌ ] [ u ] 注意：除了符合读音规则的词以外，还有一些词是例外的，需要逐个记忆。 重读开音节：一个辅音加e结尾的单词, 元音字母a ,e ,i ,o ,u 经常发长音 如: cake theme bike close consume 重读闭音节：元音字母a ,e ,i ,o ,u 经常发短音 如: have bed sit love bus