中考英语动词时态、语态、(PPT课件)总结.ppt
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1、2015中考复习一般过去时一般过去时 ( The Simple Past Tense )一般现在时一般现在时 ( The Simple Present tense 一般将来时一般将来时( The Simple Future Tense )现在进行时现在进行时(The Present Continuous Tense)过去进行时过去进行时(The Past Continuous Tense)现在完成时现在完成时(The Present Perfect Tense) 过去完成时过去完成时 (The Past Perfect Tense)过去将来时过去将来时(The Simple Past Futu
2、re Tense) 一、一般现在时一、一般现在时一般现在时的谓语构成:一般现在时的谓语构成:1、be动词:动词:am/is/are 2、行为动词:、行为动词: A:动词原形:动词原形 B:动词:动词+-s (主语为单三主语为单三)一般现在时的用法:一般现在时的用法: 1.经常发生经常发生,反复进行的动作或状态。反复进行的动作或状态。2.客观事实或普遍真理。客观事实或普遍真理。3.If ; as soon as;not until 等引导的状等引导的状语从句。语从句。4.当主句是祈使句或含有情态动词时当主句是祈使句或含有情态动词时 的从句。的从句。常与下列时间状语连用:常与下列时间状语连用:of
3、ten, usually , always, sometimes everyday / week / Sunday2016实战演练实战演练1.Jim usually _(have) lunch at home, but sometimes he _ (have) it at school.2.Ill tell him the news as soon as he _(come) back.3. If it _ (not rain) tomorrow, well go to the zoo.4. Dont get off the bus until it_ (stop).5. You may g
4、o out to play when you _(finish) your homework.hashascomesdoesnt rainstopsfinish6. The teacher told us that the earth _(travel) round the sun.7. -Do you know if we _(go) to the cinema tomorrow? -I think well go if we _ (not have) too much homework.8. She watches TV twice a week. _ _ does she watch T
5、V? travels will go dont have How often 9. Jim has lunch at home everyday. (否定句否定句) Jim _ _ lunch at home everyday.10. He does his homework every day. (一般疑问句一般疑问句)_he _ his homework every day?11. He has few friends, _ _ ? (反意疑问句反意疑问句) doesnt haveDoes do does he二、现在进行时二、现在进行时现在进行时的谓语构成:现在进行时的谓语构成: am/
6、is/are +动词动词ing 现在进行时的用法:现在进行时的用法:表示说表示说 话时或现阶段正在进行或发话时或现阶段正在进行或发 生的动作,生的动作,常与时间状语常与时间状语now, this week, these days 等连用。另外,我们还要注意等连用。另外,我们还要注意句中的隐含条件(如:句中的隐含条件(如:look, listen, Its nine oclock等)。如:等)。如:Look !The students are doing their homework.Listen ! Someone is singing in the next room.Dont go out
7、 ! Its raining hard outside.有些动词如有些动词如come, go, leave, begin, 等的现在进行时可以表示等的现在进行时可以表示预定的或即将发生的动作预定的或即将发生的动作,句中句中常有表示将来的状语常有表示将来的状语:Im leaving on Sunday morning.Jim is coming here this evening.2016实战演练实战演练1.Look! Some children _ (play) football on the playground.2.Listen ! Someone _ (play) the piano i
8、n the room.3.The students of Class Two _ (work) on the farm now.4.Be quiet ! Your father_ (sleep).5.Dont go out ! It _ (rain ) hard outside.are playingis playingare workingis sleepingis raining三、一般过去时三、一般过去时一般过去时的构成:一般过去时的构成: 动词的过去式动词的过去式一般过去时的用法:一般过去时的用法: 表示过去发生的动作或状态表示过去发生的动作或状态.用于一般过去时的时间状语有用于一般过
9、去时的时间状语有:yesterday, yesterday / morning/afternoon/evening, last night / week / month / Sunday / just now , half an hour ago等。等。have a meeting, yesterdayWe had a meeting yesterday.give a concert, last monthJay gave a concert last month. join WTO , in 2001China joined WTO in 2001.get married , in 1999
10、They got married in 1999. visit Canada,last ThursdayHe visited Canada last Thursday.die , December 9He died in Shanghai on Dec.9.2016实战演练实战演练1. _ you _a good time last Sunday?2. The headmaster _ (not say) anything at the meeting yesterday.3. Have you ever been there? Yes, I _ (go) there last spring.
11、4.Lily_ (fall) off her bike and _ (hurt) herself last Monday afternoon. Did have didnt saywentfell hurt5. Its a long time since we _ last. A. meet B. met C. will met D. have met6. -Have you ever been to the Great Wall ? - Yes, I _ there last spring. A. go B. have gone C. will go D. wentBD5. Mr. Li i
12、nvited her to the party.(改为一般疑问句(改为一般疑问句) _Mr. Li _her to the party?6 They asked the teacher a question. (改为否定句)(改为否定句) They_ _the teacher a question.Didinvitedidnt ask8. Tom watched TV for two hours. (对画线部分提问)对画线部分提问) _ _ _Tom _TV?9. She helped me do some cleaning. (对画线部分提问)对画线部分提问) _ _She _ you_ ?
13、How long did watchWhat did helpdo四、一般将来时四、一般将来时1、一般将来时的构成:、一般将来时的构成: 1)will + 动词原形动词原形 2)am(is,are) going to +动词原形动词原形 3)常用)常用be doing表示将来的动词表示将来的动词go come leave stay,start,begin等例如:等例如:we are leaving for london 4)be about to+V原和原和be to+V原表示即将发生的动作原表示即将发生的动作 The train is about to start。 she is to be
14、 married next month。2、一般将来时的用法:、一般将来时的用法:一般将来时表示将要一般将来时表示将要 发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表将来的时发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表将来的时 间状语连用。如间状语连用。如: tomorrow, today, tonight , next spring/ week/ month/ year下面几种情况只用will/shall 表示有礼貌地询问对方是否愿意或表示客气的邀请或命令时 Will you please lend me your bike? we will help him if he asks us 表示单纯的将来,与人的主观愿望和
15、判断无关时 The sun will rise at 6:30 tomorrow moring2016实战演练实战演练1. There_ (be) an English film on TV tonight.2. _we_( go) to the park next Sunday?当主语是当主语是i,we时疑问句一般用时疑问句一般用shall表示征表示征求对方意见求对方意见3. He _ (not go) home until he finishes his homework.4.What _ you _(do) next Sunday?5. I _ ( be) free tomorrow m
16、orning. will beShall gowont gowill doWill be6.There is going to _ a meeting next week. A. be B. have C. is D. has7.-I dont know if it _ tomorrow. -If it _, well stay at home. A. will rain ; rains B. rains ; rains C. will rain ; will rain D. rains ; will rain AA 五、过去进行时五、过去进行时1、过去进行时的构成:、过去进行时的构成: wa
17、s/were + 现在分词现在分词2、过去进行时的用法:、过去进行时的用法: 过去进行时表示过去某一过去进行时表示过去某一 时刻正在进行的动作,时刻正在进行的动作,常用的时间状语有常用的时间状语有:1)at this time last night, at 9:00 yesterday;from seven to nine;yesterday, last year, yesterday morning 2)含有含有when和和while引导的时间状语引导的时间状语主句中的动作先于从句的动作发生,且进行时间较长主句中的动作先于从句的动作发生,且进行时间较长时,主句用过去进行时从句用一般过去时时,
18、主句用过去进行时从句用一般过去时The boy was walking down the street when the earthquake happened从句中的动作先于主句中的动作发生时,且进行的时从句中的动作先于主句中的动作发生时,且进行的时间较长时,从句用过去进行时,主句用一般过去时间较长时,从句用过去进行时,主句用一般过去时When he was playing ,all of us sat still and listened若主从句动作同时进行时,从句一般用若主从句动作同时进行时,从句一般用while引导引导He was reading a newspaper while I
19、 was watching TV 过去进行时态常与过去进行时态常与alwaysalways等表频率的等表频率的副词连用,表示过去频繁发生的习惯性副词连用,表示过去频繁发生的习惯性动作,此时的过去进行时带有一定的感动作,此时的过去进行时带有一定的感情色彩情色彩Alice was always changing her Alice was always changing her mindmind He was drawing an elephant on the blackboard when the teacher came in.2015实战演练实战演练1. We_( watch) TV wh
20、en he came to see us.2. I _ ( draw) a picture at this time yesterday morning.3. What _ you _ (do) when the teacher came in ?4. While we _ (talk), the teacher came in. were watchingwas watchingwere doingwere talking助动词助动词have (has) + 动词的过去分词动词的过去分词 注:注:has 用于第三人称单数,用于第三人称单数,have 用用 于其他所有人称。于其他所有人称。 (
21、1)现在完成时表示过去发生或已)现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。通常与表示包括现在在内的或结果。通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词时间副词just ,already, before, yet, never, ever等状语连用。等状语连用。 (2)现在完成时表示过去已经开始,)现在完成时表示过去已经开始,持续到现在持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示从过去某一时刻或状态。可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在(包括现在在内)的一段延续到现在(包括现在在内)的一段时间的状语连用。时间的状语连用。 如
22、如:for 时间段和时间段和since时间点或时间壮语从句,以及时间点或时间壮语从句,以及 so far 等。等。 She has learnt English for 3 years.They have lived here since 1990.注意:表示短暂时间动作的词,注意:表示短暂时间动作的词,如如come , go , die , join, , buy等等的完成时不能与的完成时不能与for, since等表等表示一段时间的短语连用。示一段时间的短语连用。 have / has been (to) 表示表示“曾曾经经 去过去过”某地某地,说话时此人很可说话时此人很可能能 不在那里不
23、在那里,已经回来。侧重指已经回来。侧重指 经历。经历。 have / has gone (to) 表示某人表示某人 “已经去了已经去了”某地,说话时某地,说话时此此 人在那里,或可能在路上,反人在那里,或可能在路上,反 正不在这里。正不在这里。 将暂短性动词改为相应的延续性动词或短语和将暂短性动词改为相应的延续性动词或短语和一段时间连用,其常用的方法有:一段时间连用,其常用的方法有:a.用相应的延续性动词替换的主要有:用相应的延续性动词替换的主要有: buy have borrow keep catch/get a cold have a cold get to know know join
24、the Party be a Party member短暂性动词与延续性动词短暂性动词与延续性动词leave be away (from) die be deadbegin be on come here be herefall asleep be asleep join the Army be in the Armycome to work / live work / live begin to study/ teach study/teachB. 把误句中表示一段时间的状语改为把误句中表示一段时间的状语改为 表示过去时间的状语,原动词的完表示过去时间的状语,原动词的完成时改为过去时成时改为
25、过去时 He came here three months ago.C.用用 “It is/ has been +一段时间一段时间 +since (一般过去时一般过去时)”结构。结构。 It is/ has been three months since he came here.D. 用用“多长时间多长时间+has passed + since(一般过去时一般过去时)”结构:结构: Three months has passed since he came here.(4)暂短性动词的肯定式的完成时不能暂短性动词的肯定式的完成时不能 和和how long连用。如:连用。如: 误:误:How
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