东平县金融精准扶贫问题研究_宗伟 (1).docx
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1、摘要贫困是世界性的难题,也是多年来我国党和政府着力解决的问题。建国后尤其是改 革开放以来,我国经济体制不断进行改革,扶贫模式也发生了巨大变化,在新的精准扶 贫模式下,金融扶贫成了助力脱贫攻坚的重要途径。中共十八大和2015年中央扶贫开 发工作会议后,我国逐渐建立健全金融扶贫框架,完善金融扶贫组织体系,丰富金融扶 贫产品,不断积累金融扶贫实践经验,贫困地区金融环境大幅改善,金融为贫困地区经 济发展和贫困人口脱贫致富发挥起愈加重要的作用。在此背景下,探索研究将精准扶贫 与金融扶贫有效结合,形成一条可广泛推广和可持续发展的金融精准扶贫之路,成为一 个重要课题。东平县隶属山东省泰安市,位于鲁西南地区,
2、经济发展比较落后,是山东省20个 重点贫困县之一,脱贫攻坚任务比较艰巨。近年来,东平县积极开展精准扶贫和稳定脱 贫工作,脱贫攻坚工作取得重大进展,截至2018年底,已实现全县建档立卡贫困户全 部脱贫,这其中离不开金融精准扶贫的贡献。本文以东平县金融精准扶贫工作为研究对 象,通过详细梳理东平县经济发展情况、贫困状况、金融支持精准扶贫的主要措施和阶 段性成果,总结好的经验,在分析和归纳当前存在的困难和问题的基础上,提出完善对 策建议,为巩固东平县脱贫攻坚成果,实现东平县金融扶贫工作可持续发展,确保贫困 户稳定脱贫不返贫建言献策。本文主要由六个部分组成:第一部分为引言,该部分主要 是阐述课题选择的背
3、景和意义,并对国内外的研究现状进行梳理分析,介绍了本论文的 研究内容、研究方法及技术路线,点明了研究的创新点和不足之处。第二部分为金融扶 贫相关概念及理论基础,该部分阐述了贫困与扶贫、金融扶贫及金融精准扶贫相关概念, 并对研究范围进行界定,介绍了金融排斥理论、贫困恶性循环理论、不平衡增长理论等 主要的金融扶贫相关理论,为研究金融精准扶贫问题奠定了一定的理论基础。第三部分 为东平县金融精准扶贫现状,介绍了东平县经济发展现状、扶贫攻坚进展及贫困人口概 况,并以东平农商银行金融扶贫实践为例,着重对金融精准扶贫所采取的措施和成效展 开深入分析。第四部分为东平县金融精准扶贫存在的问题,通过问卷调查和访谈
4、法,全 面分析、总结目前东平县金融精准扶贫存在的主要问题。第五部分为东平县金融精准扶 贫对策建议,主要针对第四部指出的问题逐项给出相应对策。第六部分为总结,总结本 论文研究过程中的研究成果,并期望在今后的实践过程中,对东平县金融精准扶贫工作 提供借鉴。关键词:贫困治理;金融扶贫;精准扶贫;东平县。AbstractPoverty is a worldwide problem, which our Party and government have been working hard to deal with for many years. Since the founding of the Pe
5、oples Republic of China, especially since the reform and opening up, Chinas economic system has been constantly reformed, and the model of poverty alleviation has also undergone tremendous changes. Under the new precise poverty alleviation model, financial poverty alleviation has become an important
6、 way to overcome poverty and to promote economic development in poor areas. After the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Central Conference on Poverty Alleviation and Development in 2015, China has gradually established and improved the financial poverty alleviation
7、 framework, improved the financial poverty alleviation organization system, enriched the financial poverty alleviation products, continuously accumulated the practical experience of financial poverty alleviation, greatly improved the financial environment in poor areas, and financed the economic dev
8、elopment of poor areas and poverty alleviation of poor people. Getting rich plays an increasingly important role. In this context, exploring and studying the effective combination of precise poverty alleviation and financial poverty alleviation to form a financial precise poverty alleviation road th
9、at can be widely promoted and sustainable development has become a very worthy research topic.Dongping County, under the jurisdiction of Taian City, Shandong Province, is located in the southwest of Shandong Province. Its economic development is relatively backward. It is one of the 20 key poverty-s
10、tricken counties in Shandong Province, and the task of poverty alleviation is relatively arduous. In recent years, Dongping county has actively carried out targeted poverty alleviation and stable poverty alleviation, and made significant progress in poverty alleviation. By the end of 2018, all the p
11、overty-stricken households with registered cards have been lifted out of poverty, which is inseparable from the contribution of financial targeted poverty alleviation. This paper takes the financial targeted poverty alleviation work of Dongping County as the research object, summarizes the good expe
12、rience by combing the economic development situation, poverty situation, main measures and phased results of financial support targeted poverty alleviation in detail, and on the basis of analyzing and summarizing the current difficulties and problems, puts forward suggestions to improve the counterm
13、easures, so as to consolidate the key achievements of poverty alleviation in Dongping county and realize Dongping county The sustainable development of financialpoverty alleviation work ensures that poor households can get rid of poverty stably without returning to poverty. This paper mainly consist
14、s of six parts: the first part is the introduction, which mainly describes the background and significance of the topic selection, and analyzes the research status at home and abroad, introduces the research content, research methods and technical routes of this paper, and points out the innovation
15、and shortcomings of the research. The second part is the related concepts and theoretical basis of financial poverty alleviation, which elaborates the related concepts of poverty and poverty alleviation, financial poverty alleviation and financial targeted poverty alleviation, defines the research s
16、cope, introduces the main financial poverty alleviation related theories, such as financial exclusion theory, poverty vicious circle theory, unbalanced growth theory, and lays a certain theoretical foundation for the research of financial targeted poverty alleviation Basics. The third part is the cu
17、rrent situation of financial targeted poverty alleviation in Dongping county. It introduces the current situation of economic development, the progress of poverty alleviation and the general situation of the poor population in Dongping county. Taking the financial poverty alleviation practice of Don
18、gping agricultural and commercial bank as an example, it focuses on the measures and effects of financial targeted poverty alleviation. The fourth part is the problems of financial targeted poverty alleviation in Dongping county. Through questionnaire survey and interview, it comprehensively analyze
19、s and summarizes the main problems of financial targeted poverty alleviation in Dongping county. The fifth part is the suggestions of financial targeted poverty alleviation in Dongping County, mainly for the problems pointed out in the fourth part. The sixth part is the summary, summarizes the resea
20、rch results in the research process of this paper, and expects to provide reference significance for the financial targeted poverty alleviation work of Dongping County in the future practice process.Key words: Poverty control; Financial poverty alleviation; Targeted poverty alleviation; Dongping Cou
21、nty.ill目录iAbstract IIi 弓itii.i研究背景及意义il.i.i研究背景11.1.2研究意义21.2国内外研究现状31.2.1国外研究现状31.2.2国内研究现状41.2.3文献评述61.3研究内容、研究方法和技术路线71.3.1研究内容71.3.2研究方法71.3.3技术路线81.4研究的仓ij新及不足之处91.4.1创新之处91.4.2不足之处92概念界定及相关理论102.1概念界定102.1.1贫困与扶贫102.1.2金融扶贫102.1.3金融精准扶贫112.2相关理论112.2.1金融排斥理论112.2.2贫困恶性循环理论122.2.3不平衡增长理论123东平县金
22、融精准扶贫现状分析133.1东平县基本情况133.1.1东平县经济发展概况133.1.2东平县脱贫攻坚进展143.1.3东平县贫困人口现状153.2东平县金融精准扶贫采取的主要措施163.2.1开展实地调研,提高金融扶贫精准度163.2.2强化制度保障,多角度引领金融扶贫工作173.2.3丰富金融扶贫模式,多渠道扩大扶贫贷款规模173.2.4深入推进普惠金融,全面提高脱贫攻坚质量193.3东平县金融扶贫案例分析-以东平农商银行为例203.3.1基本情况203.3.2采取的主要措施203.3.3案例启示214东平县金融精准扶贫存在的问题调查与分析234.1调查方法234.1.1问卷调查法234.
23、1.2访谈法234.2贫困人口角度分析234.2.1文化程度低,思想观念落后234.2.2收入水平低,缺乏稳定还款来源244.2.3金融意识缺乏,资金需求量小244.2.4信用意识淡薄,逾期概率大254.2.5缺乏有效抵押担保264.3金融机构角度分析274.3.1金融扶贫产品缺乏精准性274.3.2申请扶贫贷款流程较为繁琐284.3.3金融扶贫政策落实受客观因素制约294.3.4金融机构间缺乏有效的分工合作294.4金融生态环境及基础设施角度分析304.4.1缺乏完备有效的农村信用保障体系304.4.2金融扶贫配套措施滞后314.4.3扶贫主体间尚未形成金融扶贫合力314.4.4缺乏及时、有
24、效的数据共享平台325完善东平县金融精准扶贫对策建议335.1明确各金融扶贫主体职能,构建有序的金融扶贫体系335.1.1合理划分政府与市场的职能335.1.2明确不同金融机构扶贫业务范围335.1.3调动多方机构力量,拓宽金融扶贫资金来源335.2提升金融机构扶贫能力,实现精准有效扶贫345.2.1建立扶贫融资需求精准对接机制345.2.2力促金融精准扶贫和产业扶贫有机结合345.2.3构建需求导向型金融扶贫产品体系345.2.4合理简化金融扶贫信贷手续345.2.5持续发挥普惠金融的扶贫作用355.3改善农村金融生态,优化金融扶贫环境355.3.1积极构建和完善农村信用体系355.3.2健
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