哈尔滨机场短期飞行冲突告警处理系统优化_孔祥进.docx
《哈尔滨机场短期飞行冲突告警处理系统优化_孔祥进.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《哈尔滨机场短期飞行冲突告警处理系统优化_孔祥进.docx(75页珍藏版)》请在得力文库 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、摘要近年来航空运输业的负载随经济的发展逐年持续增加,空中交通流量也稳步上升, 但有限的空域资源并不能一直满足空中交通流量对空域的需求,特别是在机场终端区, 由于航路汇集、航空器集中运行等因素,使得航空器在有限的空域中安全有序运行面临 越来越严峻的挑战。为保障在流量增加的情况下提高空域的利用率和安全运行效率,因 此进行短期冲突告警系统的研宄,短期冲突告警系统作为空管自动化系统的子系统,能 够在航空器危险接近,对可能发生航空器碰撞时给予管制员实时有效的预告警提示,提 示管制员采取调配措施避免产生安全事故。短期冲突告警系统是管制员进行冲突调配的 主要信息来源之一,是保障航空器安全有序运行的重要辅助工
2、具。哈尔滨机场冲突告警 系统,由于冲突判定模型及程序设计原因,当一架航空器的飞行轨迹预测航迹线与另一 架航空器的尾迹相交时,系统误将此类判定为飞行冲突,导致产生过多虚警现象,下一 步,哈尔滨机场新进离场飞行程序实施后,现有的短期冲突告警探测模型设计结构与新 飞行程序将更不匹配,系统虚警情况将进一步增多,增加管制员的工作负荷。基于哈尔滨机场的短期冲告警系统缺陷,本文首先分析了短期冲突告警相关理论、 典型告警系统的模型和算法设计特点,分析了哈尔滨机场现有短期冲突告警系统,分析 了冲突告警模型、航迹预测算法、冲突判定机制的优缺点,并结合机场终端区空域结构、 航空器飞行特点、进离场飞行程序、航空器飞行
3、性能数据、大气数据等方面,对哈尔滨 机场的冲突告警系统进行改进,着重考虑加速度、转弯运动对航迹预测的影响。然后基 于航空器的性能模型利用全能量推力计算公式和质点几何运动规律建立航迹预测模型, 根据航空器不同的运动状态和航线分段计算航迹点,提高了航迹的预测精度,根据经典 冲突探测算法及经典保护区模型,结合线性外推预测算法优缺点,在航迹精确预测的基 础上,改进了航空器保护区模型和冲突探测算法,通过改进航空器粗选方法及预告警判 定方式优化冲突探测流程,避免了单一使用线性外推算法对航迹预测误差较大的缺点。最后,结合哈尔滨机场终端区空域结构及进离场航线,通过MATLAB仿真哈尔滨 机场现有和本文改进之后
4、的短期飞行冲突探测方式,对冲突告警结果进行对比分析,验 证了优化之后的短期冲突探测模型对哈尔滨机场进近管制区飞行冲突检测的准确性,验 证结果表明,粗选区、预警区、告警区分别采用不同的计算方式改进了单一使用线性外 推预测算法航迹预测误差大、虚警较多、特殊运行情景误判的缺陷。关键词:短期冲突告警,安全间隔,航迹预测,冲突判定,虚警AbstractIn recent years, the load of the air transport industry has continued to increase with the development of the economy, and the a
5、ir traffic flow has steadily increased. However, the limited airspace resources cannot always meet the air traffic flow demand for airspace, especially in the airport terminal area, factors such as the centralized operation of aircraft make the safe and orderly operation of aircraft in limited airsp
6、ace face more and more severe challenges. In order to improve the utilization of airspace and the efficiency of safe operation in the case of increased traffic, the study of short-term conflict warning system is necessary. The short-term conflict warning system, as a subsystem of the air traffic con
7、trol automation system, when the aircraft is in danger. In the event of a collision, the controller is given a real-time and effective pre-alarm prompt, prompting the controller to take measures to avoid accidents. The short-term conflict warning system is one of the main sources of information for
8、controllers to conduct conflict deployment, and is an important auxiliary means to ensure the safe and orderly operation of aircraft. Harbin Airport Conflict Warning System, due to the conflict determination model and program design , when the flight path prediction flight path of one aircraft inter
9、sects with the wake of another aircraft, the system mistakenly determines this as a flight conflict, resulting in excessive False alarm phenomenon, the next step, when the implementation of the new departure flight procedure of Harbin Airport, the existing short-term conflict warning detection model
10、 design structure will not match the new flight procedure, and the system false alarm situation will further increase, increasing the controllers work load.Based on the shortcomings of short-term warning system in Harbin Airport, this paper analyzes the theory of short-term conflict alarm, the model
11、 and algorithm design characteristics of typical alarm system, analyzes the existing short-term conflict warning system of Harbin Airport, and analyzes the conflict warning model and track prediction. Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the algorithm and conflict determination mechanism, com
12、bined with the airspace structure of the airport terminal area, aircraft flight characteristics, flight and departure flight procedures, aircraft flight performance data, atmospheric data, etc. Optimize Harbin Airport Short-Term Conflict Alarm Processing System, focusing on the effects of accelerati
13、on and the impact of turning motion on track prediction. Second, based on the aircraft performance model, the full energy thrust calculation formula and the particle geometry motion law is used to establish the track prediction model. The track points are calculated according to the different motion
14、 states and route segments of theaircraft, and the prediction accuracy of the track is improved. According to the classic conflict detection algorithm and the classical protection zone model, combined with the advantages and disadvantages of the linear extrapolation prediction algorithm, improving t
15、he aircraft protection zone model and the collision detection algorithm based on the accurate prediction of the flight path, and optimize the collision detection by improving the aircraft rough selection method and pre-alarm judgment method. The process avoids the disadvantage that the single linear
16、 extrapolation algorithm has a large error in track prediction.Finally, Combining the airspace structure, approach route and departure route of the terminal area of Harbin Airport, the short-term flight conflict detection methods of Harbin Airport and the improved version are simulated by MATLAB, an
17、d the conflict alarm results are compared and analyzed to verify the short-term conflict detection model after optimization. The accuracy of the flight conflict detection in the Harbin Airport approach control area shows that the rough selection area. The verification results show that the rough sel
18、ection area, the early warning area and the warning area respectively use different calculation methods to improve the defects of the single-use linear extrapolation prediction algorithm with large track prediction error, more false alarms and special operation scenarios.Keywords: Short term conflic
19、t alert, Security interval, Track prediction, Conflict determination, False alarmm目 录m-m iu课题研宄背景及意义1u.i研宄背景11丄2研宄意义21.2国内外研宄现状21.2.1国外研宄现状31.2.2国内研宄现状41.2.3课题研宄内容71.2.4文章技术路线7第二章短期冲突告警相关理论及短期告警系统92.1短期飞行冲突告警概述92丄1短期冲突告警定义92丄2飞行冲突告警相关名词92.2飞行间隔标准102.2.1飞行间隔分类102.2.2程序管制下的飞行间隔标准112.2.3雷达管制下的飞行间隔标准122
20、.3飞行冲突探测122.3.1长期飞行冲突探测122.3.2中期飞行冲突探测132.3.3短期飞行冲突探测132.4短期飞行冲突告警系统组成142.4.1数据存储模块142.4.2航迹预测模块142.4.3告警模块152.5典型短期冲突告警系统162.5.1 Telephonies 冲突告警系统162.5.2川大自动化冲突告警系统172.5.3 ATC3000冲突告警系统172.6本章小结17第三章哈尔滨机场短期飞行冲突告警系统分析183.1哈尔滨机场终端区概况183.2哈尔滨机场短期飞行冲突告警183.2.1短期飞行冲突告警模型183.2.2模型基本告警原理193.3线性外推预测算法203.
21、3.1高度间距预测213.3.2水平间距预测233.3.3同航线平行飞行253.4本章小结27第四章基于航空器性能的航迹预测模型及冲突判定模型优化284.1基于航空器性能的航迹预测模型284丄1航空器航迹预测模型284丄2航空器垂直轨迹计算294丄3航空器水平航迹计算334.1.4航迹预测模型验证354.2飞行冲突探测384.2.1航空器运行安全间隔标准394.2.2飞行冲突分类394.2.3航空器保护区模型404.3冲突判定模型及算法424.3.1航迹对的粗选444.3.2航迹对的精确航迹预测464.3.3冲突判定流程474.4本章小结48第五章哈尔滨机场短期飞行冲突告警仿真验证495.1终
22、端区告警扇区结构495丄1告警扇区结构图495丄2告警参数设置515丄3进离场程序515.2MATLAB仿真结果及分析545.2.1预告警结果分析555.2.2预告警时间分析565.2.3预警水平距离分析585.3本章小结60总结与展望61#教南犬63攻读硕士学位期间取得的学术成果66翻寸67图目录图1.1文章技术路线图8图2.1飞行间隔分类10图3.1飞行冲突原理示意图20图3.2垂直高度检测流程图21图3.3CFL高度保护示意图22图3.4水平距离分析计算流程图23图3.5告警处理流程图26图4.1航迹预测模型28图4.2航空器运动状态示意图30图4.3离场航空器垂直飞行轨迹剖面图32图4
23、.4离场航空器垂直飞行轨迹剖面图33图4.5水平运动、转弯运动轨迹图33图4.6航空器轨迹预测仿真三维立体图35图4.7航空器水平轨迹预测仿真俯视图36图4.8航空器垂直轨迹预测仿真高度变化图37图4.9航空器直角转弯水平轨迹预测仿真图38图4.10飞行冲突分类示意图40图4.11长方体保护区模型图41图4.12圆柱体保护区模型图41图4.13球体保护区模型图42图4.14椭球体保护区模型图42图4.15圆柱体保护区模型图43图4.16顺向冲突示意图44图4.17交叉冲突示意图45图4.18对头冲突示意图45图4.19顺向冲突示意图46图4.20冲突预告警判定流程图47图5.1告警扇区结构图4
24、9图5.2哈尔滨机场终端管制区进场航路53图5.3编组1与编组2预警开始时间误差57图5.4编组1与编组2告警结束时间误差58图5.5编组1与编组2预警结开始与标准告警距离误差59表目录表3.1哈尔滨机场系统告警模型参数设置表(来源:哈尔滨冲突告警系统)18表3.1哈尔滨机场系统告警模型参数设置表(续)19表3.2RVSM区域冲突告警参数设置表(来源:哈尔滨冲突告警系统)19表4.1图4.7航空器转弯局部轨迹坐标36表4.1图4.7航空器转弯局部轨迹坐标(续)37表4. 2航空器雷达尾流间隔标准39表4.3相对飞行趋势及航迹预测确认表47表5.1扇区告警参数设置表51表5.2短期冲突告警仿真结
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 哈尔滨 机场 短期 飞行 冲突 告警 处理 系统 优化 孔祥进
限制150内