2022年高考英语语法精讲精练专题十状语从句和并列句常考点 .pdf
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1、学习必备欢迎下载专题十状语从句和并列句常考点状语从句是一项较大的语法项目,也是近几年高考题中常见的一个重要试点。由从句担任的状语, 在句子中可修饰谓语( 或其他动词 ) 、形容词、 副词或是整个句子。一般可分为九大类,分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多,但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似,所以理解和掌握它并不难。掌握状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词。1状语从句中从属连词when,while ,as 的多种含义when:当时候;就在那时;既然;虽然;在之后;as:一边一边;随着;虽然;因为;依照,如;while :在期间;而
2、;虽然。用 when,while和 as 填空:He will take my place _ I am away. I was having my lunch _ the fire alarm went off. _ you have finished your work, you may have a rest. _ he swam ,he cried for help. _ the Internet is of great help,I dont think it good to spend too much time on it. 【答案】 whilewhenWhenAsWhile2a
3、s 引导让步状语从句as 引导让步状语从句时要倒装,若是倒装,需将所强调的成分即名词( 句首名词不能有任何冠词 )、形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前。 注 though 引导状语从句可以倒装也可以不倒装,although不能引起倒装。as,though ,although引导从句时,后面的主句不能有but ,但可以和still,yet连用。完成下列句子:_( 虽然他是个孩子) ,he knows what is the right thing to do. _( 虽然他工作很努力) , he never seemed able to do the work satisfactorily. _(
4、 虽然你可能失败) ,you should never give up. 【答案】 Child as he isHard as he workedFail as you may3before的用法精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 11 页学习必备欢迎下载注意判断before 在状语从句中的含义:才;就;趁没有;还没来得及;宁可也不;不知不觉。1. 判断下列各句中before 的含义:( ) We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. ( ) We
5、hadnt run a mile before he felt tired. ( ) Please write it down before you forget it.( ) Before I could get in a word,he had measured me. ( ) She would die before shed give in. ( ) Three months went by before we knew it. 2. 区别以下句型:用 before , that ,since ,when 填空:Its three days _ he returned home. It
6、 was three days_ he returned home. It will be three days_ he returns home. It was three days later _ he returned home. It was three oclock _ he returned. 【答案】 1. 才就趁没有还没来得及宁可也不不知不觉2. since beforebeforethatwhen 注 解答此类题目关键有三点:首先要确定是不是强调句,当我们把it is/was以及连接词去掉时,剩余部分若能构成一个完整的句子,就是强调句,这时连词用that ;否则,就要考虑它的
7、句式特点。其次要看是时间段还是时间点。再次是连接词前后的时态。当确定为时间段时, 连接词前后时态不一致,用 since ;时态一致, 用 before ;当确定为时间点时,强调句就用that ,否则就用when。4where 引导的定语从句和状语从句的区别和联系where 引导定语从句时,相当于in/at/to which;where 引导状语从句时,相当于in/at/to the place where.如:Please make a mark in the place where you have a question.(定语从句 ) Please make a mark where yo
8、u have a question.(状语从句 ) He lives in the quiet small village _ I worked ten years ago. He lives in _ is called the Fairy Land Outside of the World. He lives in the place _ is called the Fairy Land Outside of the World. Mum ,what did your doctor say? He advised me to live _ the air is fresher. A. in
9、 where B. in which C. the place where D. where _ others are weak,he is strong. A. Where B. In the place 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 11 页学习必备欢迎下载C. Which D. While 【答案】 wherewhat; that/which DA5unless 的用法unless 意为“除非;如果不”,相当于if.not。Most birds find it safe to sleep in the trees
10、,but _ they have eggs or young chicks,they dont use a nest. A. why B. how C. unless D. where You must keep on working in the evening ,_ you are sure you can finish the task in time. A. as B. if C. when D. unless We wont keep winning games _ we keep playing well. A. because B. unless C. when D. while
11、 In time of serious accidents,_ we know some basic things about first aid ,we can save lives. A. whether B. until C. if D. unless 【答案】CDBC6so.that.和 such.that.引导结果状语从句的区别so形容词 /副词 that. so形容词 a(n) 名词 that. sucha(n) 形容词名词that. such形容词不可数名词/ 可数名词的复数that. 注so/such.that.放在句首时要倒装。完成下列句子:He is such a good
12、 teacher that we all respect him. He is _ that we all respect him. So _ that we all respect him. Such _ that we all respect him. He made _ rapid progress that the teacher praised him. He made _ much progress that the teacher praised him. 【答案】 so good a teacher ; good a teacher is he;a good teacher i
13、s he such;so 注意句型:精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 11 页学习必备欢迎下载表示目的状语的几种表达:He got up early to catch the early bus. He got up early in order to catch the early bus. He got up early so as to catch the early bus. He got up early so that he could catch the early bus. He got up early
14、in order that he could catch the early bus. His humour was such as to make us all laugh. He was so humourous as to make us all laugh. 7“一就”的表达法“ 一 就 ” 的 表 达 法 有 : as soon as , hardly/scarcely.when., no sooner.than.,the moment/minute/second/instant,immediately/instantly/directly,on/upon n./doing。完成下列
15、句子:他一到达车站,汽车就发动了。_( 连词 ) he arrived at the station,the bus started. _( 连词 ) had he arrived at the station when the bus started. _( 连词 ) had he arrived at the station than the bus started. _( 副词 ) he arrived at the station,the bus started. _( 名词 ) he arrived at the station,the bus started. _( 介词 ) hi
16、s arrival at the station,the bus started. 【答案】 As soon as; Hardly/Scarcely; No sooner ; Immediately/Directly/Instantly;The moment/minute/second/instant;Upon/On 8注意倍数的表达倍数放在形容词或副词的原级、比较级或名词前。如:This river is three times longer than that one. This river is three times as long as that one. This river is
17、 three times the length of that one. I have twice as many books as he has. I have twice as much money as he has. 完成下列句子:这个房间是那个房间的两倍大。The room is _ _ _ as that one. The room is _ _ than that one. The room is _ _ _ of that one. The income of this year is twice _ of last year. The income of this year
18、is twice _ it was last year. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 11 页学习必备欢迎下载【答案】 twice as big; twice bigger;twice the size that ; what 9until / till的用法until可用于句首,而till通常不用于句首。如:Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. 注 否定句可用另外两种句式表示。肯定句: She _ (sleep) until midnigh
19、t. 否定句: She _ (arrive)until midnight. He didnt go to bed until he finished his work. _( 倒装句 ) _( 强调句 ) 【答案】 slept ; didnt arrive Not until he finished his work did he go to bed;It was not until he finished his work that he went to bed 10状语从句中的常用连词和特殊连词从句类型常用连接词特殊连接词时间状语从句when, while , as, before , a
20、fter,since , till, until, as soon as 一些时间名词:the moment ,the instant, the minute ,the day,next time, every time,the first time ,the last time 一些副词: instantly,immediately , directly 固定搭配的连词:no sooner.than,hardly/scarcely.when 地点状语从句where wherever ,anywhere 原因状语从句because,since ,as,for seeing that,consi
21、dering that ,given that,in that,now that ,for the reason that 目的状语从句(so) that,in order that lest ,for fear that ,in case 结果状语从句so/such.that,so that to the/such a degree that,to the/such an extent that 条件状语从句if ,unless ,as long as suppose, supposing ,providing,provided ,on condition that 让步状语从句althou
22、gh ,though ,even though ,even if while( 一般用于句首) , as( 用于倒装结构 ) ,whever no matter wh,whether.or. 比较状语从句as,than the more.,the more. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 11 页学习必备欢迎下载方式状语从句as,as if/though the (same) way,A is to B what C is to D My parents live in a small village. They al
23、ways keep candles in the house _ there is a power out. A. if B. unless C. in case D. so that My parents dont mind what job I do _ I am happy. A. even though B. as soon as C. as long as D. as though 【答案】CC11状语从句的省略现象当 when,while ,if ,unless ,as, though ,as if ,as though 等引导时间、地点、条件、方式或让步状语从句时,如果从句的主语
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